Question 1

Usually the urine of someone with a high-protein diet does not contain any bicarbonate ions,as all of it that is filtered is reclaimed from the tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

An adult human kidney typically contains ______ renal pyramid(s).

Accepted Answer

A) 2 to 5 
B) 8 to 15 
C) 16 to 24 
D) 1 
E) 30 to 40 
A) 2 to 5 
B) 8 to 15 
C) 16 to 24 
D) 1 
E) 30 to 40 B

Question 3

To test someone's glomerular filtration rate,the individual is injected with the polysaccharide _____________.

Accepted Answer

inulin

Question 4

The renal corpuscle is located within the

Accepted Answer

A) collecting duct. 
B) renal medulla. 
C) renal cortex. 
D) renal pelvis. 
A) collecting duct. 
B) renal medulla. 
C) renal cortex. 
D) renal pelvis.

Question 5

The capillaries of the glomerulus differ from most other capillary networks in the body because they

Accepted Answer

A) carry only deoxygenated blood. 
B) drain into an arteriole instead of a venule. 
C) contain no endothelium. 
D) absorb nutrients from the glomerular capsule. 
E) secrete mucus. 
A) carry only deoxygenated blood. 
B) drain into an arteriole instead of a venule. 
C) contain no endothelium. 
D) absorb nutrients from the glomerular capsule. 
E) secrete mucus.

Question 6

The internal urethral sphincter is formed by skeletal muscle fibers of the urogenital diaphragm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following choices lists structures in the order in which urine flows through them

Accepted Answer

A) Major calyx,minor calyx,renal pelvis 
B) Renal pelvis,major calyx,minor pelvis 
C) Minor calyx,major calyx,renal pelvis 
D) Major pelvis,minor calyx,renal pelvis 
E) Major calyx,renal pelvis,minor calyx 
A) Major calyx,minor calyx,renal pelvis 
B) Renal pelvis,major calyx,minor pelvis 
C) Minor calyx,major calyx,renal pelvis 
D) Major pelvis,minor calyx,renal pelvis 
E) Major calyx,renal pelvis,minor calyx

Question 8

The active transport of solutes out of the blood and into the tubular fluid is called

Accepted Answer

A) filtration. 
B) tubular reabsorption. 
C) tubular secretion. 
D) fenestration. 
E) titration. 
A) filtration. 
B) tubular reabsorption. 
C) tubular secretion. 
D) fenestration. 
E) titration.

Question 9

The word "countercurrent" within "countercurrent multiplier" refers to the opposite direction of flow of

Accepted Answer

A) sodium and potassium across the wall of the nephron. 
B) tubular fluid within the ascending and descending limb of the nephron loop. 
C) salts and water across the wall of the renal tubule. 
D) tubular fluid in the proximal convoluted tubule and collecting tubule. 
A) sodium and potassium across the wall of the nephron. 
B) tubular fluid within the ascending and descending limb of the nephron loop. 
C) salts and water across the wall of the renal tubule. 
D) tubular fluid in the proximal convoluted tubule and collecting tubule.

Question 10

Which processes does urea undergo within the kidney

Accepted Answer

A) It is filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted. 
B) It is filtered and can be reabsorbed and secreted. 
C) It is filtered and can also be secreted but not reabsorbed. 
D) It is not filtered nor reabsorbed but can be secreted. 
E) It is not filtered but can be secreted and reabsorbed. 
A) It is filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted. 
B) It is filtered and can be reabsorbed and secreted. 
C) It is filtered and can also be secreted but not reabsorbed. 
D) It is not filtered nor reabsorbed but can be secreted. 
E) It is not filtered but can be secreted and reabsorbed.

Question 11

Urine flow from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder is produced by

Accepted Answer

A) ciliary action in the renal pelvis. 
B) suction from the urinary bladder. 
C) peristalsis of the ureters. 
D) hydrostatic pressure from the small intestine. 
E) contraction of the detrusor muscle. 
A) ciliary action in the renal pelvis. 
B) suction from the urinary bladder. 
C) peristalsis of the ureters. 
D) hydrostatic pressure from the small intestine. 
E) contraction of the detrusor muscle.

Question 12

The largest possible amount of a substance that can be reabsorbed or secreted across a kidney tubule wall in a given duration of time is known as the

Accepted Answer

A) glomerular filtration rate. 
B) renal threshold. 
C) transport maximum. 
D) net filtration pressure. 
E) renal clearance exponent. 
A) glomerular filtration rate. 
B) renal threshold. 
C) transport maximum. 
D) net filtration pressure. 
E) renal clearance exponent.

Question 13

Generally,the higher the renal plasma clearance of a given drug,the more frequently the drug must be given in order to be effective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which accurately describes the handling of urea by the kidney

Accepted Answer

A) All of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine. 
B) About half of the urea that is filtered is excreted in the urine. 
C) None of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine. 
A) All of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine. 
B) About half of the urea that is filtered is excreted in the urine. 
C) None of the urea that reaches the kidney is excreted in the urine.

Question 15

Individuals can voluntarily empty their bladder by contracting their abdominal muscles as part of the Valsalva maneuver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Collecting ducts are larger than collecting tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine

Accepted Answer

A) Bladder,urethra,kidney,ureter 
B) Kidney,ureter,bladder,urethra 
C) Kidney,urethra,bladder,ureter 
D) Kidney,bladder,ureter,urethra 
E) Urethra,bladder,kidney,ureter 
A) Bladder,urethra,kidney,ureter 
B) Kidney,ureter,bladder,urethra 
C) Kidney,urethra,bladder,ureter 
D) Kidney,bladder,ureter,urethra 
E) Urethra,bladder,kidney,ureter

Question 18

-This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney.What structure does number 5 indicate

Accepted Answer

A) Renal medulla 
B) Renal lobe 
C) Renal sinus 
D) Renal pyramid 
E) Renal cortex 
A) Renal medulla 
B) Renal lobe 
C) Renal sinus 
D) Renal pyramid 
E) Renal cortex

Question 19

Careful measurements of GFR are made by injection of _______,but approximations of GFR can be made more simply by measuring renal plasma clearance of _________.

Accepted Answer

A) creatine phosphate;insulin 
B) insulin;creatine phosphate 
C) inulin;creatinine 
D) creatinine;inulin 
A) creatine phosphate;insulin 
B) insulin;creatine phosphate 
C) inulin;creatinine 
D) creatinine;inulin

Question 20

Peritubular capillaries are associated with the convoluted tubules,while vasa recta are associated with the nephron loop.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Urinary System

Usually the urine of someone with a high-protein diet does not contain any bicarbonate ions,as all of it that is filtered is reclaimed from the tubules.

An adult human kidney typically contains ______ renal pyramid(s).

To test someone's glomerular filtration rate,the individual is injected with the polysaccharide _____________.

The renal corpuscle is located within the

The capillaries of the glomerulus differ from most other capillary networks in the body because they

The internal urethral sphincter is formed by skeletal muscle fibers of the urogenital diaphragm.

Which of the following choices lists structures in the order in which urine flows through them

The active transport of solutes out of the blood and into the tubular fluid is called

The word "countercurrent" within "countercurrent multiplier" refers to the opposite direction of flow of

Which processes does urea undergo within the kidney

Urine flow from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder is produced by

The largest possible amount of a substance that can be reabsorbed or secreted across a kidney tubule wall in a given duration of time is known as the

Generally,the higher the renal plasma clearance of a given drug,the more frequently the drug must be given in order to be effective.

Which accurately describes the handling of urea by the kidney

Individuals can voluntarily empty their bladder by contracting their abdominal muscles as part of the Valsalva maneuver.

Collecting ducts are larger than collecting tubules.

What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine

-This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney.What structure does number 5 indicate

Careful measurements of GFR are made by injection of _______,but approximations of GFR can be made more simply by measuring renal plasma clearance of _________.

Peritubular capillaries are associated with the convoluted tubules,while vasa recta are associated with the nephron loop.

The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology

Atoms,Ions,and Molecules

Energy,Chemical Reactions,and Cellular Respiration

Biology of the Cell

Tissue Organization

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Skeletal System: Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

Skeletal System: Articulations

Muscle Tissue

Muscular System: Axial and Appendicular Muscles

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue

Nervous System: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System

Nervous System: Senses

Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: Heart

Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System

Immune System and the Bodys Defense

Respiratory System

Fluid and Electrolytes

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Reproductive System

Development,Pregnancy,and Heredity

Filters

Careful measurements of GFR are made by injection of _,but approximations of GFR can be made more simply by measuring renal plasma clearance of ___.