Question 1

To buffer the body's extracellular fluid compartment,dihydrogen phosphate acts as a strong base and prevents acidosis of the plasma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The amine groups contained within amino acids of proteins can act as weak

Accepted Answer

A) acids. 
B) bases. 
A) acids. 
B) bases. B

Question 3

Impaired renal function within the elderly elevates their risk for acid-base imbalance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Interstitial fluid composes about ________ of the body's extracellular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) one-tenth 
B) one-third 
C) one-half 
D) two-thirds 
E) nine-tenths 
A) one-tenth 
B) one-third 
C) one-half 
D) two-thirds 
E) nine-tenths

Question 5

When bicarbonate levels fall due to an accumulation of fixed acids in the body,the result is

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic acidosis. 
B) metabolic alkalosis. 
C) insufficient respiration. 
D) respiratory acidosis. 
E) respiratory alkalosis. 
A) metabolic acidosis. 
B) metabolic alkalosis. 
C) insufficient respiration. 
D) respiratory acidosis. 
E) respiratory alkalosis.

Question 6

Which ion is the principal solute of the ECF and is crucial for neuromuscular and renal function

Accepted Answer

A) Magnesium 
B) Phosphate 
C) Calcium 
D) Sodium 
E) Potassium 
A) Magnesium 
B) Phosphate 
C) Calcium 
D) Sodium 
E) Potassium

Question 7

The stimuli that trigger the release of ADH are

Accepted Answer

A) high blood pressure,high blood volume,and high blood osmolarity. 
B) high blood pressure,low blood volume,and low blood osmolarity. 
C) low blood pressure,low blood volume,and high blood osmolarity. 
D) low blood pressure,high blood volume,and high blood osmolarity. 
E) low blood pressure,low blood volume,and low blood osmolarity. 
A) high blood pressure,high blood volume,and high blood osmolarity. 
B) high blood pressure,low blood volume,and low blood osmolarity. 
C) low blood pressure,low blood volume,and high blood osmolarity. 
D) low blood pressure,high blood volume,and high blood osmolarity. 
E) low blood pressure,low blood volume,and low blood osmolarity.

Question 8

Cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system and synovial fluid of joint capsules are both examples of

Accepted Answer

A) intracellular fluid. 
B) extracellular fluid. 
A) intracellular fluid. 
B) extracellular fluid.

Question 9

Collectively,the renal and respiratory systems comprise the chemical buffering system of the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Most of the fluid in our body is contained within our cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Angiotensin II,aldosterone,and ADH each help decrease urine output.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When compared with the effects of blood pressure and osmolarity on fluid intake,the effects of saliva and stomach distention are

Accepted Answer

A) more immediate and more accurate. 
B) more immediate but less accurate. 
C) more long-term and more accurate. 
D) more long-term but less accurate. 
A) more immediate and more accurate. 
B) more immediate but less accurate. 
C) more long-term and more accurate. 
D) more long-term but less accurate.

Question 13

ANP causes an increase in the loss of sodium and water through urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The hormone ANP causes systemic blood vessels to

Accepted Answer

A) constrict,which raises blood pressure. 
B) constrict,which lowers blood pressure. 
C) dilate,which raises blood pressure. 
D) dilate,which lowers blood pressure. 
A) constrict,which raises blood pressure. 
B) constrict,which lowers blood pressure. 
C) dilate,which raises blood pressure. 
D) dilate,which lowers blood pressure.

Question 15

A comparison of the two major body fluid compartments reveals that

Accepted Answer

A) two-thirds of the total fluid is outside our cells and one-third is within our cells. 
B) two-thirds of the total fluid is within our cells and one-third is outside our cells. 
C) half of the total fluid is within our cells and half is outside our cells. 
D) six-sevenths of the total fluid is within our cells and one-seventh is outside our cells. 
E) six-sevenths of the total fluid is outside our cells and one-seventh is within our cells. 
A) two-thirds of the total fluid is outside our cells and one-third is within our cells. 
B) two-thirds of the total fluid is within our cells and one-third is outside our cells. 
C) half of the total fluid is within our cells and half is outside our cells. 
D) six-sevenths of the total fluid is within our cells and one-seventh is outside our cells. 
E) six-sevenths of the total fluid is outside our cells and one-seventh is within our cells.

Question 16

Water lost through feces is considered ___________ water loss.

Accepted Answer

A) sensible,obligatory 
B) sensible,facultative 
C) insensible,obligatory 
D) insensible,facultative 
A) sensible,obligatory 
B) sensible,facultative 
C) insensible,obligatory 
D) insensible,facultative

Question 17

An elevated level of potassium in the blood is referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An elevated level of potassium in the...

Question 18

Decreases in blood pressure turn _____ the thirst center of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) on 
B) off 
A) on 
B) off

Question 19

Feelings of thirstiness are brought on by

Accepted Answer

A) increases in salivary secretions and increases in blood osmolarity. 
B) increases in salivary secretions and decreases in blood osmolarity. 
C) decreases in salivary secretions and increases in blood osmolarity. 
D) decreases in salivary secretions and decreases in blood osmolarity. 
A) increases in salivary secretions and increases in blood osmolarity. 
B) increases in salivary secretions and decreases in blood osmolarity. 
C) decreases in salivary secretions and increases in blood osmolarity. 
D) decreases in salivary secretions and decreases in blood osmolarity.

Question 20

Most potassium loss from the body occurs through

Accepted Answer

A) sweat. 
B) urine. 
C) feces. 
D) respiration. 
A) sweat. 
B) urine. 
C) feces. 
D) respiration.

Exam 25: Fluid and Electrolytes

To buffer the body's extracellular fluid compartment,dihydrogen phosphate acts as a strong base and prevents acidosis of the plasma.

The amine groups contained within amino acids of proteins can act as weak

Impaired renal function within the elderly elevates their risk for acid-base imbalance.

Interstitial fluid composes about ________ of the body's extracellular fluid.

When bicarbonate levels fall due to an accumulation of fixed acids in the body,the result is

Which ion is the principal solute of the ECF and is crucial for neuromuscular and renal function

The stimuli that trigger the release of ADH are

Cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system and synovial fluid of joint capsules are both examples of

Collectively,the renal and respiratory systems comprise the chemical buffering system of the body.

Most of the fluid in our body is contained within our cells.

Angiotensin II,aldosterone,and ADH each help decrease urine output.

When compared with the effects of blood pressure and osmolarity on fluid intake,the effects of saliva and stomach distention are

ANP causes an increase in the loss of sodium and water through urine.

The hormone ANP causes systemic blood vessels to

A comparison of the two major body fluid compartments reveals that

Water lost through feces is considered ___________ water loss.

An elevated level of potassium in the blood is referred to as __________.

Decreases in blood pressure turn _____ the thirst center of the brain.

Feelings of thirstiness are brought on by

Most potassium loss from the body occurs through

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