Exam 2: Choices,Values,and Ethics

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a moral value?

Although frowned upon formally,the informal values of police culture sometimes hold that accepting gifts from the public (e.g. ,free meals)is an acceptable way of supplementing income.

The area of ethics which attempts to identify and prioritize moral values and principles and provide frameworks for moral decision-making is referred to as:

People are more likely to engage in immoral activities if there is no apparent victim.

Which of the following is the term used to refer to the "choice of evils" defense,whereby a defendant argues that s/he engaged in criminal conduct to prevent some greater evil?

Briefly describe the notion of police subculture,using at least one example to illustrate your response.

Which of the following would be an example of police deviance?

Police (or institutional)subculture refers to:

Just as goods can be intrinsic or instrumental,so too can evils.Using the intrinsic/instrumental distinction,we might consider death,slavery,and injustice to be examples of instrumental evil.

Based on the research of Sherman,which of the following is NOT one of the informal values that new police officers acquire through socialization?

Consequentialist theories of moral decision-making would have us focus primarily on:

In a situation requiring moral judgment -- such as a choice between being loyal to one's friend or honest -- intrinsic goods (e.g. ,honesty)always take priority over non-intrinsic goods (e.g. ,loyalty).

Acts of omission involve not doing something when one had a moral or legal duty to do something.

Life,justice,and happiness are typically considered to be:

Happiness,human dignity,equality,and fairness could all be considered values.

Moral values always take priority over nonmoral values,and intrinsic values always take precedence over instrumental values.

"Goods" that are valued as a means to some other good are referred to as:

Briefly distinguish between acts of omission and acts of commission,providing at least one example of each.

Those things that we hold to be worthwhile and worth pursuing,such as freedom,happiness,and health,can be thought of as:

To be a proper subject of moral evaluation,conduct must be: