Question 1

The modern bioethics movement developed in the

Accepted Answer

A) 1920s. 
B) 1930s. 
C) 1940s. 
D) 1960s. 
E) 1990s. 
A) 1920s. 
B) 1930s. 
C) 1940s. 
D) 1960s. 
E) 1990s. D

Question 2

Henry Beecher, writing in 1966, stated that medical journals

Accepted Answer

A) needed to pay more attention to psychological research. 
B) adequately screened out proposed articles that relied on unethical methods. 
C) sometimes published articles that relied on unethical research methods. 
D) routinely ignored reviewers who raised questions about research ethics. 
E) needed to pay more attention to sociological research. 
A) needed to pay more attention to psychological research. 
B) adequately screened out proposed articles that relied on unethical methods. 
C) sometimes published articles that relied on unethical research methods. 
D) routinely ignored reviewers who raised questions about research ethics. 
E) needed to pay more attention to sociological research. C

Question 3

Under the Nazi government,

Accepted Answer

A) doctors sterilized persons considered genetically inferior. 
B) the marriage of persons with certain diseases was prohibited. 
C) doctors supervised the killings of state mental hospital patients. 
D) doctors decided which concentration camp inmates would be killed immediately. 
E) all of the above 
A) doctors sterilized persons considered genetically inferior. 
B) the marriage of persons with certain diseases was prohibited. 
C) doctors supervised the killings of state mental hospital patients. 
D) doctors decided which concentration camp inmates would be killed immediately. 
E) all of the above E

Question 4

The Nuremberg Code

Accepted Answer

A) is a set of principles adopted by Nazi doctors. 
B) is a set of principles regarding the ethics of human experimentation. 
C) was used by the Nazis to hide news of their actions from other Germans. 
D) was the first effort to break the DNA code. 
E) was developed during the 1920s. 
A) is a set of principles adopted by Nazi doctors. 
B) is a set of principles regarding the ethics of human experimentation. 
C) was used by the Nazis to hide news of their actions from other Germans. 
D) was the first effort to break the DNA code. 
E) was developed during the 1920s.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The AMA first adopted a code of ethics in 1970. 
B) The public responded with horror to news of Dr. Sims' experiments on slave women. 
C) The Nazi philosophy was grounded in part in eugenics. 
D) The eugenics movement never gained a foothold in the United States. 
E) From the start, most German doctors opposed the Nazis. 
A) The AMA first adopted a code of ethics in 1970. 
B) The public responded with horror to news of Dr. Sims' experiments on slave women. 
C) The Nazi philosophy was grounded in part in eugenics. 
D) The eugenics movement never gained a foothold in the United States. 
E) From the start, most German doctors opposed the Nazis.

Question 6

Research suggests that doctors can assert their decisions in clinical practice by

Accepted Answer

A) making decisions without asking the family first. 
B) ignoring the family's stated wishes. 
C) shaping the family's wishes through the information they provide. 
D) all of the above 
E) a and b only 
A) making decisions without asking the family first. 
B) ignoring the family's stated wishes. 
C) shaping the family's wishes through the information they provide. 
D) all of the above 
E) a and b only

Question 7

Researchers for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Accepted Answer

A) purposely infected black men with syphilis. 
B) enlisted the support of local doctors to ensure that their subjects would not receive treatment for syphilis. 
C) received no government funding for their work. 
D) were forced to stop the study after five years. 
E) followed the guidelines laid out in established codes of research ethics. 
A) purposely infected black men with syphilis. 
B) enlisted the support of local doctors to ensure that their subjects would not receive treatment for syphilis. 
C) received no government funding for their work. 
D) were forced to stop the study after five years. 
E) followed the guidelines laid out in established codes of research ethics.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about stem cell research is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Supporters argue that it will stem the rise in new cases of cancer. 
B) It has increasingly shifted into universities and away from the for-profit sector. 
C) Opponents equate harvesting stem cells to killing humans. 
D) It has already produced effective treatments for several diseases. 
E) none of the above 
A) Supporters argue that it will stem the rise in new cases of cancer. 
B) It has increasingly shifted into universities and away from the for-profit sector. 
C) Opponents equate harvesting stem cells to killing humans. 
D) It has already produced effective treatments for several diseases. 
E) none of the above

Question 9

Researchers in the Willowbrook study obtained

Accepted Answer

A) fully voluntary consent from the parents of their subjects. 
B) fully informed consent from the parents of their subjects. 
C) consent from the parents of their subjects, but that consent was neither informed nor voluntary. 
D) no consent of any sort from the parents of their subjects. 
E) consent from their subjects directly. 
A) fully voluntary consent from the parents of their subjects. 
B) fully informed consent from the parents of their subjects. 
C) consent from the parents of their subjects, but that consent was neither informed nor voluntary. 
D) no consent of any sort from the parents of their subjects. 
E) consent from their subjects directly.

Question 10

In the Baby Doe case,

Accepted Answer

A) doctors performed surgery unlikely to improve the baby's quality of life. 
B) parents forced the doctors to perform surgery that the doctors considered unwarranted. 
C) the baby died after its parents refused to authorize potentially life-saving surgery. 
D) doctors demanded federal funding for performing surgery on a retarded baby. 
E) lawyers forced parents to comply with their doctors' decisions regarding their baby's care. 
A) doctors performed surgery unlikely to improve the baby's quality of life. 
B) parents forced the doctors to perform surgery that the doctors considered unwarranted. 
C) the baby died after its parents refused to authorize potentially life-saving surgery. 
D) doctors demanded federal funding for performing surgery on a retarded baby. 
E) lawyers forced parents to comply with their doctors' decisions regarding their baby's care.

Question 11

Which state's health care system extended coverage to poor residents by deciding in advance that it would not fund certain health care procedures?

Accepted Answer

A) California 
B) Hawaii 
C) Oregon 
D) Arizona 
E) Alaska 
A) California 
B) Hawaii 
C) Oregon 
D) Arizona 
E) Alaska

Question 12

The "Baby Fae" case shows that

Accepted Answer

A) the establishment of research ethics boards by itself cannot prevent unethical research practices. 
B) animal-to-human organ transplants are feasible. 
C) parents may not have their babies' best interests in mind when they make medical decisions. 
D) doctors discriminate against disabled infants. 
E) euthanasia of seriously disabled infants should be considered seriously. 
A) the establishment of research ethics boards by itself cannot prevent unethical research practices. 
B) animal-to-human organ transplants are feasible. 
C) parents may not have their babies' best interests in mind when they make medical decisions. 
D) doctors discriminate against disabled infants. 
E) euthanasia of seriously disabled infants should be considered seriously.

Question 13

The effectiveness of commercial Institutional Review Boards is limited by

Accepted Answer

A) conflicts of interest. 
B) insufficient federal oversight. 
C) managed care regulations. 
D) their reliance on career bureaucrats. 
E) heavy-handed federal oversight committees. 
A) conflicts of interest. 
B) insufficient federal oversight. 
C) managed care regulations. 
D) their reliance on career bureaucrats. 
E) heavy-handed federal oversight committees.

Question 14

The purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to investigate

Accepted Answer

A) ​which treatments worked best for syphilis. 
B) which men were most likely to become infected with syphilis. 
C) whether blacks were more likely than whites to become infected with syphilis. 
D) whether some treatments for syphilis worked better with whites than with blacks. 
E) the long-term effects of untreated syphilis in African-American men. 
A) ​which treatments worked best for syphilis. 
B) which men were most likely to become infected with syphilis. 
C) whether blacks were more likely than whites to become infected with syphilis. 
D) whether some treatments for syphilis worked better with whites than with blacks. 
E) the long-term effects of untreated syphilis in African-American men.

Question 15

Research on the impact of the bioethics movement suggests that doctors

Accepted Answer

A) have changed how they make decisions about patient care but not how they document those decisions. 
B) are now less likely than in the past to tell patients that they have cancer. 
C) have become more committed to incorporating ethical principles into their work. 
D) still can assert their discretion over patient care, even when they cannot enforce their decisions. 
E) routinely fight hard against hospital bureaucrats in order to practice ethically. 
A) have changed how they make decisions about patient care but not how they document those decisions. 
B) are now less likely than in the past to tell patients that they have cancer. 
C) have become more committed to incorporating ethical principles into their work. 
D) still can assert their discretion over patient care, even when they cannot enforce their decisions. 
E) routinely fight hard against hospital bureaucrats in order to practice ethically.

Question 16

The Nuremberg Code states that

Accepted Answer

A) patients deserve a right to die. 
B) patients deserve a right to any treatment they request. 
C) medical researchers must do all they can to protect their subjects from harm. 
D) dying patients should be offered the right to donate their organs. 
E) medical researchers must pay their research subjects. 
A) patients deserve a right to die. 
B) patients deserve a right to any treatment they request. 
C) medical researchers must do all they can to protect their subjects from harm. 
D) dying patients should be offered the right to donate their organs. 
E) medical researchers must pay their research subjects.

Question 17

"Cosmetic psychopharmacology" refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the use of drugs to give individuals advantages over others. 
B) the continued use of drugs that have been proven ineffective. 
C) the use of non-prescription drugs by patients. 
D) the use of drugs by individuals disfigured by burns. 
E) the use of drugs by the "genetic underclass." 
A) the use of drugs to give individuals advantages over others. 
B) the continued use of drugs that have been proven ineffective. 
C) the use of non-prescription drugs by patients. 
D) the use of drugs by individuals disfigured by burns. 
E) the use of drugs by the "genetic underclass."

Question 18

The adoption of bioethical guidelines has led to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Clinicians who focus more on documenting their compliance with guidelines than on following the spirit of those guidelines. 
B) Ethics review boards that focus primarily on reducing law suits. 
C) Significant reduction in the worst sorts of abuses of human subjects. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) Clinicians who focus more on documenting their compliance with guidelines than on following the spirit of those guidelines. 
B) Ethics review boards that focus primarily on reducing law suits. 
C) Significant reduction in the worst sorts of abuses of human subjects. 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is intended to ensure that medical researchers behave ethically?

Accepted Answer

A) Institutional Review Boards 
B) diagnosis-related groups 
C) medical malpractice laws 
D) medical mortality review boards 
E) reproductive technologies 
A) Institutional Review Boards 
B) diagnosis-related groups 
C) medical malpractice laws 
D) medical mortality review boards 
E) reproductive technologies

Question 20

Is it ethical for the federal government to pay the costs of kidney dialysis for all patients, regardless of age or income, as it now does, but not to pay the costs of other illnesses? Which would be more reasonable and more feasible: extending benefits to those who have other illnesses or withdrawing them from those who need kidney dialysis?

Accepted Answer

The question of whether it is ethical fo

The modern bioethics movement developed in the

Henry Beecher, writing in 1966, stated that medical journals

Under the Nazi government,

The Nuremberg Code

Which of the following statements is true?

Research suggests that doctors can assert their decisions in clinical practice by

Researchers for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Which of the following statements about stem cell research is true?

Researchers in the Willowbrook study obtained

In the Baby Doe case,

Which state's health care system extended coverage to poor residents by deciding in advance that it would not fund certain health care procedures?

The "Baby Fae" case shows that

The effectiveness of commercial Institutional Review Boards is limited by

The purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to investigate

Research on the impact of the bioethics movement suggests that doctors

The Nuremberg Code states that

"Cosmetic psychopharmacology" refers to

The adoption of bioethical guidelines has led to which of the following?

Which of the following is intended to ensure that medical researchers behave ethically?

The Sociology of Health, Illness, and Health Care

The Social Sources of Modern Illness

The Social Distribution of Illness in the United States

Illness and Death in Less Developed Nations

The Social Meanings of Illness

The Experience of Disability, Chronic Pain, and Chronic Illness

The Sociology of Mental Illness

Health Care in the United States

Health Care Around the Globe

Health Care Settings and Technologies

The Profession of Medicine

Other Mainstream and Alternative Health Care Providers

Filters

Exam 13: Issues in Bioethics

The modern bioethics movement developed in the

Henry Beecher, writing in 1966, stated that medical journals

Under the Nazi government,

The Nuremberg Code

Which of the following statements is true?

Research suggests that doctors can assert their decisions in clinical practice by

Researchers for the Tuskegee Syphilis Study

Which of the following statements about stem cell research is true?

Researchers in the Willowbrook study obtained

In the Baby Doe case,

Which state's health care system extended coverage to poor residents by deciding in advance that it would not fund certain health care procedures?

The "Baby Fae" case shows that

The effectiveness of commercial Institutional Review Boards is limited by

The purpose of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study was to investigate

Research on the impact of the bioethics movement suggests that doctors

The Nuremberg Code states that

"Cosmetic psychopharmacology" refers to

The adoption of bioethical guidelines has led to which of the following?

Which of the following is intended to ensure that medical researchers behave ethically?

The Sociology of Health, Illness, and Health Care

The Social Sources of Modern Illness

The Social Distribution of Illness in the United States

Illness and Death in Less Developed Nations

The Social Meanings of Illness

The Experience of Disability, Chronic Pain, and Chronic Illness

The Sociology of Mental Illness

Health Care in the United States

Health Care Around the Globe

Health Care Settings and Technologies

The Profession of Medicine

Other Mainstream and Alternative Health Care Providers

Filters