Exam 1: C: The Evolution of Psychology

Dean, Sam, and Cas are all best friends and decided to dress up as famous psychologists for Halloween. Dean dressed up as Sigmund Freud, Sam dressed as Carl Rogers, and Cas dressed as B.F. Skinner. They decided to not only dress up as those famous psychologists but also adapt their beliefs about psychology for the night. -At some point,Dean,Cas,and Sam spend some time talking to their friend Alia who aspires to be a famous singer.What is Sam most likely to say about Alia's aspiration to become a singer

Lucas is a 4th year student at Carleton studying psychology and is now considering more seriously his future and the career options he has. He is currently completing his undergraduate thesis (a big research project many psychology majors complete before they graduate). Lucas' research is investigating how subjective feelings of fear activate the autonomic nervous system. -Which major area of contemporary psychology does Lucas' thesis belong to

Fidan is studying a model of obesity. For her experiment, Fidan uses three groups of 31 rats each that are given either (1) 24-hour access to high calorie treat food in addition to their normal chow, (2) restricted 8-hour access to high calorie treat food and 24-hour access to their normal chow, or (3) 24-hour access to only their normal chow. Every day, Fidan weighs the animals and carefully takes note of the amount and type of food each animal has consumed. At the end of the experiment, Fidan performs surgery on all the animals and notices that the animals that put on the most weight showed noticeable differences in their hypothalamus compared to the rest of the rats. -Every day,Fidan weighs each rat.What does it mean when she says one of the rats scores at the 70th percentile of weight

Presho is a first-year psychology student at Carleton University. She moved to Ottawa from Calgary and has not yet made many friends in her classes. She decides to attend a games night meet-and-greet organized by the Psychology Society of Carleton University (PSCU) to connect with other Carleton psychology undergraduates. It just so happens that members of the Psychology Graduate Student Association (PGSA), are also attending. Presho decides to chat with as many students as possible to figure out what they like and dislike about their programs so far. -Keltie is the president of the PGSA.She mentions to Presho that she is almost finished with her Ph.D.and is currently writing up the results of her final project,which explored the effects of child eyewitness testimony on jury decision-making.Keltie is studying __________ psychology.

Castiel is a psychologist who is interested in seeing how autonomic nervous system responses are related to subjective feelings of fear. Half the participants in Castiel's experiment watch a 10-minute graphic and violent video and the other half watch a 10-minute video of a baby kitten. While the participants are watching the video, Castiel gathers measurements of their skin conductance. After they finish watching the video the participants answer a questionnaire about their level of fear after watching the video as well as how they generally react to horror movies. -In Castiel's experiment what is the dependent variable

Lucas is a 4th year student at Carleton studying psychology and is now considering more seriously his future and the career options he has. He is currently completing his undergraduate thesis (a big research project many psychology majors complete before they graduate). Lucas' research is investigating how subjective feelings of fear activate the autonomic nervous system. -Lucas is not sure about what to do after graduation,so he decides to book an appointment for career counselling.Lucas is going to be meeting with a psychologist specializing in ___________.

Janus wanted to see if people are more attracted to individuals with symmetrical faces compared to individuals with asymmetrical faces. Janus recruited heterosexual male and female participants for his experiment. Janus showed the participants pictures of people whose faces were modified to be more symmetrical or less symmetrical than they actually are and asked the participants to press a green button if they found the picture attractive and a red button if they did not. The participants were shown a single picture at a time and each picture was shown to them for five seconds. -Janus found a strong positive correlation between face symmetry and how attractive the face was perceived by participants.This means that __________________________.

Dean, Sam, and Cas are all best friends and decided to dress up as famous psychologists for Halloween. Dean dressed up as Sigmund Freud, Sam dressed as Carl Rogers, and Cas dressed as B.F. Skinner. They decided to not only dress up as those famous psychologists but also adapt their beliefs about psychology for the night. -At some point,Dean,Cas,and Sam spend some time talking to their friend Alia who aspires to be a famous singer.What is Cas most likely to say about Alia's aspiration to become a singer

Dean, Sam, and Cas are all best friends and decided to dress up as famous psychologists for Halloween. Dean dressed up as Sigmund Freud, Sam dressed as Carl Rogers, and Cas dressed as B.F. Skinner. They decided to not only dress up as those famous psychologists but also adapt their beliefs about psychology for the night. -The three friends get into an argument about what drives human behaviour.Which of them is most likely to say that in order to fully understand someone's behaviour,we need to consider that person's fundamental drive towards personal growth

Janus wanted to see if people are more attracted to individuals with symmetrical faces compared to individuals with asymmetrical faces. Janus recruited heterosexual male and female participants for his experiment. Janus showed the participants pictures of people whose faces were modified to be more symmetrical or less symmetrical than they actually are and asked the participants to press a green button if they found the picture attractive and a red button if they did not. The participants were shown a single picture at a time and each picture was shown to them for five seconds. -Which of the following is the independent variable in Janus' study

Castiel is a psychologist who is interested in seeing how autonomic nervous system responses are related to subjective feelings of fear. Half the participants in Castiel's experiment watch a 10-minute graphic and violent video and the other half watch a 10-minute video of a baby kitten. While the participants are watching the video, Castiel gathers measurements of their skin conductance. After they finish watching the video the participants answer a questionnaire about their level of fear after watching the video as well as how they generally react to horror movies. -When looking at his results,Castiel notices that a large majority of his participants responded that they generally enjoy watching horror movies.The distribution of these participants in terms of their enjoyment of horror movies would be a ______________.

Arash wants to examine the relationship between stress and eating when someone is on a diet. He recruits an equal number of male and female participants to respond to a questionnaire about their eating habits, their typical mood, and their overall anxiety levels. Arash ensures half of his male participants and half of his female participants are on a diet and the other half are not. After the questionnaire, all participants are randomly assigned to complete one of two tasks. Half of the participants solve a difficult math problem in front of a group of math professors within a certain time limit. The other participants solve a simple arithmetic problem in a waiting area alone, with no time limit. After they perform the task, all participants are asked to complete one more questionnaire about their stress level while sitting next to a box of Timbits. Arash tells the participants to help themselves to the Timbits, and secretly counts how many Timbits the participant actually eats. -What is an advantage of the type of study Arash performed

Dean, Sam, and Cas are all best friends and decided to dress up as famous psychologists for Halloween. Dean dressed up as Sigmund Freud, Sam dressed as Carl Rogers, and Cas dressed as B.F. Skinner. They decided to not only dress up as those famous psychologists but also adapt their beliefs about psychology for the night. -During the party,Jason tries to light up a candle with a match and burns his finger in front of Sam,Dean,and Cas.Which of the three friends is most likely to predict that Jason will not use another match ever again out of fear of burning his finger again

Rhea is in graduate school studying social psychology and is doing research on the social desirability bias. In her experiment, participants are first asked to fill out a survey about how honest they are. They are then told to take a seat in the hallway (where there is only one chair) before the next part of their experiment. Unbeknownst to the participants, the chair is modified and will break the moment someone sits on it. Also, the waiting room is being filmed by a hidden camera. Half of the participants sit on the chair and break it. For the other half of the participants, a confederate walks in at the same time as the participant and sits on the chair before the participant has the chance. The confederate breaks the chair and leaves immediately after without saying anything to the participant. In both cases, after 10 minutes, Rhea comes out and asks the participant about the chair and records whether they lied or not. -What is the dependent variable in Rhea's experiment

Lucas is a 4th year student at Carleton studying psychology and is now considering more seriously his future and the career options he has. He is currently completing his undergraduate thesis (a big research project many psychology majors complete before they graduate). Lucas' research is investigating how subjective feelings of fear activate the autonomic nervous system. -While conducting his thesis,Lucas made sure that all his research methods were empirical in nature.This means that the conclusions he reached were based on _____________.

Rhea is in graduate school studying social psychology and is doing research on the social desirability bias. In her experiment, participants are first asked to fill out a survey about how honest they are. They are then told to take a seat in the hallway (where there is only one chair) before the next part of their experiment. Unbeknownst to the participants, the chair is modified and will break the moment someone sits on it. Also, the waiting room is being filmed by a hidden camera. Half of the participants sit on the chair and break it. For the other half of the participants, a confederate walks in at the same time as the participant and sits on the chair before the participant has the chance. The confederate breaks the chair and leaves immediately after without saying anything to the participant. In both cases, after 10 minutes, Rhea comes out and asks the participant about the chair and records whether they lied or not. -In order to avoid experimenter bias,which of the following phrases should Rhea NOT use when asking the participants who sat down the chair and broke it

Presho is a first-year psychology student at Carleton University. She moved to Ottawa from Calgary and has not yet made many friends in her classes. She decides to attend a games night meet-and-greet organized by the Psychology Society of Carleton University (PSCU) to connect with other Carleton psychology undergraduates. It just so happens that members of the Psychology Graduate Student Association (PGSA), are also attending. Presho decides to chat with as many students as possible to figure out what they like and dislike about their programs so far. -Presho recognizes a girl who lives in her residence named Erin.Erin is a Masters candidate who is looking at the psychological effects of skinny- and fat-shaming both when the individual hears it in person and experiences it via social media communication.Erin's study is focused in the ________ stream of psychology.

Raphael and Paxton are roommates. Because they're both psychology majors, they choose to dress up as their favourite early psychologists for a Halloween party in their building. They also challenge one another to act like these psychologists all night, and the first one to break character has to take out the trash until the end of semester. -Imagine that Paxton is dressed as Wilhelm Wundt and supports the theory of structuralism all evening.Whereas Raphael is dressed as William James and supports functionalism.They get into a few arguments.When their friend Nadav asks them if they agree on anything,how do they respond

Castiel is a psychologist who is interested in seeing how autonomic nervous system responses are related to subjective feelings of fear. Half the participants in Castiel's experiment watch a 10-minute graphic and violent video and the other half watch a 10-minute video of a baby kitten. While the participants are watching the video, Castiel gathers measurements of their skin conductance. After they finish watching the video the participants answer a questionnaire about their level of fear after watching the video as well as how they generally react to horror movies. -Which is the control group in the study

Castiel is a psychologist who is interested in seeing how autonomic nervous system responses are related to subjective feelings of fear. Half the participants in Castiel's experiment watch a 10-minute graphic and violent video and the other half watch a 10-minute video of a baby kitten. While the participants are watching the video, Castiel gathers measurements of their skin conductance. After they finish watching the video the participants answer a questionnaire about their level of fear after watching the video as well as how they generally react to horror movies. -In Castiel's experiment what is the independent variable