Exam 6: C: Learning

Solene is in competition with other candidates for a job in a secret government division that requires above average reasoning and problem-solving ability. As part of the selection process, she is required to complete a written exam and a problem-solving interview. Solene thinks she is well-prepared-she has done online practice exams and completed different problem-solving tasks her friends designed-but she is unsure of what to expect the day of her tests. -During the interview,Solene is asked to complete a complex verbal math problem.Because she does not have access to a paper and pen,she uses a box of toothpicks to help her keep track of the numbers in the problem.Solene's use of toothpicks _________________.

Victoria has a huge phobia of spiders. Victoria is currently dating Joshua who owns a pet tarantula. Victoria refuses to even be in the same room as Joshua's tarantula. Joshua is trying to help Victoria overcome her fear of his tarantula. -According to Martin Seligman,what is a likely explanation of Victoria's pathological fear of spiders

Jamila's friends are participating in a tradition known as Senior Sunrise, where the graduating high school class members stay out all night before the last day of school. Jamila's parents set her a curfew of 12 midnight (which was very generous), and Jamila made sure to be home by then. However, she receives a text message at 3 a.m. from her best friend asking her to come back and join in the celebrations. Jamila now needs to solve a problem: Should she obey her parents and stay home, or should she sneak out and join her friends? -Which of the following shows that Jamila is ignoring base rates when she assumes that most of her classmates will be out partying

Alicia is an avid online poker player. She spends hours every day playing poker online. Initially, she played because she really enjoyed the game and it gave her an exciting feeling. However, over the past few months she has noticed that she experiences higher anxiety levels if she has not played in a while and she feels like she needs to play to reduce this anxiety. -Alicia is actively trying to get her poker playing under control and decides to enrol in a behaviour modification program.When asked why she joined the program,Alicia replies "Because I'm too spontaneous." In order for the program to be effective,Alicia should _______________.

Tessa is in her first year at Carleton University and is trying to incorporate what she has learned about memory in her psychology class when she studies for her exams. Tessa has a biology midterm next week and is very stressed out about it. To prepare, Tessa has compiled a list with all the terms and definitions she needs to learn for her midterm. -Tessa recently learned about Allan Paivio in her psychology class and decides to implement his ideas in her studying habits.Which of the following methods is Tessa most likely to use to memorize the list of terms she has created

Patricia is a defense attorney. Her job requires her to confront witnesses about the limits of their memory capabilities. In addition, as a defense attorney Patricia is motivated to make the witnesses "slip-up" or even distort their memories of the events her client is being accused of. -Patricia is often accused by the opposing attorney that she is asking leading questions that affect the witness' memory.According to the opposing attorney,the witness' memory is affected by ______ which is a memory sin of ________.

Stefan is babysitting his young niece, Avery, for the first time. Stefan has not seen Avery since the beginning of the semester, and is surprised to find that Avery is speaking much more than she did the last time. Stefan has just been through a lecture on language development, so he thinks this visit will be especially interesting. -Avery indicates she is ready for dinner by saying "Dinner Avery want.Hungry me!" Avery is making ________ errors.

Stefan is babysitting his young niece, Avery, for the first time. Stefan has not seen Avery since the beginning of the semester, and is surprised to find that Avery is speaking much more than she did the last time. Stefan has just been through a lecture on language development, so he thinks this visit will be especially interesting. -Avery knows the difference between a cat and a dog,can express her own ideas,and is learning grammar,but she cannot read or write.Which of the properties of language has she not mastered yet

Sam recently watched the movie Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and became fascinated with the concept of memory and how it is stored in the brain. In the movie, the protagonist tries to forget his ex-girlfriend by undergoing a procedure that destroys the neural circuits that stored all his memories of their relationship. Sam decides to read up on the physiological basis for memory to get a better understanding of how it works. -After the movie ends,Sam thinks about how neurogenesis would continue taking place in the brain of the protagonist,especially in the _____________.

Tessa is in her first year at Carleton University and is trying to incorporate what she has learned about memory in her psychology class when she studies for her exams. Tessa has a biology midterm next week and is very stressed out about it. To prepare, Tessa has compiled a list with all the terms and definitions she needs to learn for her midterm. -In her psychology class,Tessa recently learned about the concept of memory consolidation.What should Tessa do to increase the probability of consolidation taking place

Molly is a private investigator and often finds herself relying on her memory to do her job. She is often required to remember tiny details in order to solve a case and to think on her feet. To hone her memory skills, Molly often memorizes lists of words for fun. -While working on a case,Molly notices a suspect entering a building.She soon has to leave the area because she is afraid someone will notice her,but she constantly repeats the address to herself until she reaches her office and has a chance to write it down.Molly is using ____ rehearsal to maintain the information she needs in ______memory.

Joaquin is abducted by aliens and beamed up into their spaceship. The aliens hold up two fingers in a peace sign to let Joaquin know they do not intend to hurt him. Joaquin soon learns that the aliens can communicate with him in English, but they also communicate with one another in a different "language" using bird-like chirps. As a psychology student, Joaquin is curious to know how the aliens came to learn English. After their interaction, Joaquin is returned to Earth safely and decides to not tell anyone about his visit. -The aliens learned the English language by listening in on human conversations,but did not have anyone explicitly teaching them.This indicates that the aliens relied more on the ___________ theory of language acquisition than they relied on the ____________theory of language acquisition.

Joaquin is abducted by aliens and beamed up into their spaceship. The aliens hold up two fingers in a peace sign to let Joaquin know they do not intend to hurt him. Joaquin soon learns that the aliens can communicate with him in English, but they also communicate with one another in a different "language" using bird-like chirps. As a psychology student, Joaquin is curious to know how the aliens came to learn English. After their interaction, Joaquin is returned to Earth safely and decides to not tell anyone about his visit. -Imagine that the aliens can speak to Joaquin and write to him as well.However,they express their ideas in a very simple way,using short sentences,and cannot seem to form questions properly.This shows the aliens _________________.

Alicia is an avid online poker player. She spends hours every day playing poker online. Initially, she played because she really enjoyed the game and it gave her an exciting feeling. However, over the past few months she has noticed that she experiences higher anxiety levels if she has not played in a while and she feels like she needs to play to reduce this anxiety. -Alicia is actively trying to get her poker playing under control and decided to enrol in a behaviour modification program.As suggested by the program facilitator,Alicia sets up a punishment for herself in case she ends up playing poker online and losing a lot of money.Which of the following would be the most effective method of punishment

Sam recently watched the movie Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and became fascinated with the concept of memory and how it is stored in the brain. In the movie, the protagonist tries to forget his ex-girlfriend by undergoing a procedure that destroys the neural circuits that stored all his memories of their relationship. Sam decides to read up on the physiological basis for memory to get a better understanding of how it works. -Sam is watching a pirated version of the movie,so halfway through it looks like his monitor display has flipped upside down.Sam continues watching the movie,so we might expect higher levels of activity in his _____.

Patricia is a defense attorney. Her job requires her to confront witnesses about the limits of their memory capabilities. In addition, as a defense attorney Patricia is motivated to make the witnesses "slip-up" or even distort their memories of the events her client is being accused of. -During a trial,Patricia cross-examines an expert on repressed memories.Patricia argues with the expert on the credibility of recovered repressed memories.What could be the counter-argument of the expert

Patricia is a defense attorney. Her job requires her to confront witnesses about the limits of their memory capabilities. In addition, as a defense attorney Patricia is motivated to make the witnesses "slip-up" or even distort their memories of the events her client is being accused of. -In one particular trial,Patricia is cross-examining an eyewitness to a car accident caused by her client.Patricia words her question in a way that she hopes will alter the recall of the eyewitness by introducing post-event details.Which of the following phenomena did Patricia take advantage of

Alicia is an avid online poker player. She spends hours every day playing poker online. Initially, she played because she really enjoyed the game and it gave her an exciting feeling. However, over the past few months she has noticed that she experiences higher anxiety levels if she has not played in a while and she feels like she needs to play to reduce this anxiety. -Alicia is actively trying to get her poker playing under control and decided to enrol in a behaviour modification program.Which of the following would you suggest to her to ensure she sticks to the program and her rehabilitation

Stefan is babysitting his young niece, Avery, for the first time. Stefan has not seen Avery since the beginning of the semester, and is surprised to find that Avery is speaking much more than she did the last time. Stefan has just been through a lecture on language development, so he thinks this visit will be especially interesting. -Avery's parents also speak to her in Ukrainian.Avery has been speaking to Stefan in English all evening,but after dinner she suddenly asks him for a "pecivo" (the Ukranian word for cookie)for dessert.Avery used the correct _________,but made __________ error.

Monica is a first-year student at Carleton and she is taking a lot of introductory courses. Monica has a 14-year-old brother named Ross who often visits her in her dorm on the weekend and watches R-rated violent movies and TV shows while she studies. Monica becomes worried about the some of the media content that Ross is watching. -One day,Ross and Monica are in her dorm room hanging out.Ross is playing a first-person shooter video game on the computer and Monica is playing Candy Crush on her phone.Suddenly,they hear a person yelping in pain right outside their door.Which of the following is most likely