Question 1

What is the confirmation bias

Accepted Answer

A)  the tendency to agree with arguments that are presented with a positive emotional valence 
B)  the belief that present evidence supports previous evidence even if they are completely unrelated 
C)  the tendency to seek only information that is likely to support one's decisions and beliefs 
D)  the belief that the odds of a chance event increase if the event hasn't occurred recently 
A)  the tendency to agree with arguments that are presented with a positive emotional valence 
B)  the belief that present evidence supports previous evidence even if they are completely unrelated 
C)  the tendency to seek only information that is likely to support one's decisions and beliefs 
D)  the belief that the odds of a chance event increase if the event hasn't occurred recently

Question 2

Cross-cultural variations have been found in problem solving.How do people from North America and Europe tend to solve problems

Accepted Answer

A)  They use a holistic cognitive style. 
B)  They focus on the context in solving problems. 
C)  They focus on the relationship among elements of a problem. 
D)  They use an analytic cognitive style. 
A)  They use a holistic cognitive style. 
B)  They focus on the context in solving problems. 
C)  They focus on the relationship among elements of a problem. 
D)  They use an analytic cognitive style.

Question 3

Which statement provides support for nativist theories of language development

Accepted Answer

A)  Speech pathologists can help a child develop better language skills. 
B)  During certain developmental stages, children learn language at a rate that is exceptionally fast. 
C)  Some cultures don't have words for snow. 
D)  Actors can learn how to fake an accent from a different country. 
A)  Speech pathologists can help a child develop better language skills. 
B)  During certain developmental stages, children learn language at a rate that is exceptionally fast. 
C)  Some cultures don't have words for snow. 
D)  Actors can learn how to fake an accent from a different country.

Question 4

What is a benefit of bilinguialism

Accepted Answer

A)  It is associated with higher controlled processing in tasks that require control and attention. 
B)  It provides an advantage in language-processing speed. 
C)  It leads to better decision making. 
D)  It provides an advantage in spatial-processing speed. 
A)  It is associated with higher controlled processing in tasks that require control and attention. 
B)  It provides an advantage in language-processing speed. 
C)  It leads to better decision making. 
D)  It provides an advantage in spatial-processing speed.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of how cognitive psychology attempts to study thought processes as they relate to real-world challenges

Accepted Answer

A)  the study of decision making processes 
B)  exposure of the solution to the matchstick problem 
C)  the study of mental set 
D)  through interactionist theories of language acquisition 
A)  the study of decision making processes 
B)  exposure of the solution to the matchstick problem 
C)  the study of mental set 
D)  through interactionist theories of language acquisition

Question 6

Which area of language is concerned with understanding the meaning of words and word combinations

Accepted Answer

A)  semantics 
B)  grammar 
C)  syntax 
D)  vocabulary 
A)  semantics 
B)  grammar 
C)  syntax 
D)  vocabulary

Question 7

Anders is betting Mischa on whether a tossed coin will land on heads or tails.Anders has bet heads the last four times and has lost each time.If on the next toss he bets heads again and says,"It's got to be heads,heads is overdue," what does his reasoning illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)  the conjunction fallacy 
B)  the gambler's fallacy 
C)  the base rate fallacy 
D)  the overestimation fallacy 
A)  the conjunction fallacy 
B)  the gambler's fallacy 
C)  the base rate fallacy 
D)  the overestimation fallacy

Question 8

Which term refers to the mental processes which are involved in acquiring knowledge

Accepted Answer

A)  cognition 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  memory 
D)  heuristics 
A)  cognition 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  memory 
D)  heuristics

Question 9

How many phonemes are in the English language

Accepted Answer

A)  26 
B)  40 
C)  100 
D)  155 
A)  26 
B)  40 
C)  100 
D)  155

Question 10

What is the term for the process by which a child learns a new word after only one exposure to the word

Accepted Answer

A)  overextension 
B)  fast mapping 
C)  underextension 
D)  logical reasoning 
A)  overextension 
B)  fast mapping 
C)  underextension 
D)  logical reasoning

Question 11

Which of the following is defined as a methodical,step-by-step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem

Accepted Answer

A)  an algorithm 
B)  a style 
C)  an analogy 
D)  a heuristic 
A)  an algorithm 
B)  a style 
C)  an analogy 
D)  a heuristic

Question 12

In the statement "First the oven was preheated to 350 degrees," how many morphemes are in the word "preheated"

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  5 
C)  6 
D)  9 
A)  3 
B)  5 
C)  6 
D)  9

Question 13

Around what age do children typically start to understand and use ironic or sarcastic statements

Accepted Answer

A)  4-5 years 
B)  6-8 years 
C)  9-10 years 
D)  11-13 years 
A)  4-5 years 
B)  6-8 years 
C)  9-10 years 
D)  11-13 years

Question 14

If you were asked to rearrange the letters EDTIMRM in order to produce an English word (MIDTERM),what sort of problem are you trying to solve

Accepted Answer

A)  induced structure 
B)  arrangement 
C)  transformation 
D)  probability 
A)  induced structure 
B)  arrangement 
C)  transformation 
D)  probability

Question 15

Who suggested that children learn language through imitation,reinforcement,and shaping

Accepted Answer

A)  B. F. Skinner 
B)  Ivan Pavlov 
C)  Noam Chomsky 
D)  Benjamin Lee Whorf 
A)  B. F. Skinner 
B)  Ivan Pavlov 
C)  Noam Chomsky 
D)  Benjamin Lee Whorf

Question 16

Which statement is the best example of telegraphic speech

Accepted Answer

A)  "Give cookie." 
B)  "I wanted a cookie." 
C)  "I eated a cookie." 
D)  "Cookie." 
A)  "Give cookie." 
B)  "I wanted a cookie." 
C)  "I eated a cookie." 
D)  "Cookie."

Question 17

Which field of study examines the effect of actual decision-making processes on economic decisions

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioural economics 
B)  behavioural psychology 
C)  psychological economics 
D)  psychological marketing 
A)  behavioural economics 
B)  behavioural psychology 
C)  psychological economics 
D)  psychological marketing

Question 18

What is the same between the two sentences "The boy hit the ball" and "The ball was hit by the boy"

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax 
B)  morphemes 
C)  semantics 
D)  grammar 
A)  syntax 
B)  morphemes 
C)  semantics 
D)  grammar

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of the statement that "language is structured"

Accepted Answer

A)  The phrase "the dog bit the man" means something different from "the man bit the dog." 
B)  You can use the word "dog" to refer to a variety of different individual animals. 
C)  You can use the word "dog" to refer to an animal that isn't currently present. 
D)  The word "dog" can be used in a variety of novel sentences. 
A)  The phrase "the dog bit the man" means something different from "the man bit the dog." 
B)  You can use the word "dog" to refer to a variety of different individual animals. 
C)  You can use the word "dog" to refer to an animal that isn't currently present. 
D)  The word "dog" can be used in a variety of novel sentences.

Question 20

Which statement best describes the work of Janet Werker of the University of British Columbia who studies infant language development

Accepted Answer

A)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants language development is based on the tools given to them by their parents. 
B)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants language development is related to their emotional development. 
C)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants are like blank slates. 
D)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants come prepared to learn language as evidenced by the notion that babies have perceptual biases that facilitate sound production. 
A)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants language development is based on the tools given to them by their parents. 
B)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants language development is related to their emotional development. 
C)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants are like blank slates. 
D)  She has done pioneering work to show that infants come prepared to learn language as evidenced by the notion that babies have perceptual biases that facilitate sound production.

Exam 8: B: Language and Thought

What is the confirmation bias

Cross-cultural variations have been found in problem solving.How do people from North America and Europe tend to solve problems

Which statement provides support for nativist theories of language development

What is a benefit of bilinguialism

Which of the following is an example of how cognitive psychology attempts to study thought processes as they relate to real-world challenges

Which area of language is concerned with understanding the meaning of words and word combinations

Anders is betting Mischa on whether a tossed coin will land on heads or tails.Anders has bet heads the last four times and has lost each time.If on the next toss he bets heads again and says,"It's got to be heads,heads is overdue," what does his reasoning illustrate

Which term refers to the mental processes which are involved in acquiring knowledge

How many phonemes are in the English language

What is the term for the process by which a child learns a new word after only one exposure to the word

Which of the following is defined as a methodical,step-by-step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem

In the statement "First the oven was preheated to 350 degrees," how many morphemes are in the word "preheated"

Around what age do children typically start to understand and use ironic or sarcastic statements

If you were asked to rearrange the letters EDTIMRM in order to produce an English word (MIDTERM),what sort of problem are you trying to solve

Who suggested that children learn language through imitation,reinforcement,and shaping

Which statement is the best example of telegraphic speech

Which field of study examines the effect of actual decision-making processes on economic decisions

What is the same between the two sentences "The boy hit the ball" and "The ball was hit by the boy"

Which of the following is an example of the statement that "language is structured"

Which statement best describes the work of Janet Werker of the University of British Columbia who studies infant language development

A: The Evolution of Psychology

B: The Evolution of Psychology

C: The Evolution of Psychology

A: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

B: The Research Enterprise in Psychology

A: The Biological Bases of Behaviour

B: The Biological Bases of Behaviour

C: The Biological Basis of Behaviour

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

A: Variations in Consciousness

B: Variations in Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

A: Human Memory

B: Human Memory

A: Language and Thought

A: Intelligence and Psychological Testing

B: Intelligence and Psychological Testing

C: Intelligence Psychological Testing

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

A: Human Development Across the Life Span

B: Human Development Across the Life Span

C: Human Development Across the Lifespan

A: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment

B: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment

A: Social Behaviour

B: Social Behaviour

A: Stress, Coping, and Health

B: Stress, Coping, and Health

C: Stress, Coping Health

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

A: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

B: Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters