Question 1

Primary memory is a term to mean what type of memory?

Accepted Answer

A) long-term 
B) medial 
C) ordinal 
D) short-term 
A) long-term 
B) medial 
C) ordinal 
D) short-term

Question 2

Angie is a participant in an experiment on the serial position curve.One of the words on the list she hears is "lemon." Later, when asked to recall the list, she erroneously reports "lime." The word "lemon" was most likely:

Accepted Answer

A) the very last word on the list. 
B) written in bold letters, causing her to experience a Von Restorff effect. 
C) one of the first three items of the list. 
D) the only word from the category "fruit" on the list. 
A) the very last word on the list. 
B) written in bold letters, causing her to experience a Von Restorff effect. 
C) one of the first three items of the list. 
D) the only word from the category "fruit" on the list.

Question 3

Strayer and his colleagues link the decrement in driving performance with cell-phone use to:

Accepted Answer

A) problems in semantic memory. 
B) cell-phone use exaggerates the recency effect. 
C) cell-phone use taxes the central executive (attentional control). 
D) cell-phone use requires the phonological loop to be suppressed. 
A) problems in semantic memory. 
B) cell-phone use exaggerates the recency effect. 
C) cell-phone use taxes the central executive (attentional control). 
D) cell-phone use requires the phonological loop to be suppressed.

Question 4

Teasdale (1995) asked participants to generate random numbers.The participants most deviated from the instructions when:

Accepted Answer

A) the phonological loop was occupied with irrelevant speech. 
B) the visuospatial sketchpad was being used for imagery. 
C) during the primacy part of a serial position curve. 
D) when the central executive was not providing focus on the task. 
A) the phonological loop was occupied with irrelevant speech. 
B) the visuospatial sketchpad was being used for imagery. 
C) during the primacy part of a serial position curve. 
D) when the central executive was not providing focus on the task.

Question 5

The standard explanation of why recency effects occur is:

Accepted Answer

A) we recall the items using sensory memory. 
B) we recall the items because they were stored in long-term memory. 
C) we recall the items because we know their source. 
D) we recall the items because they are still accessible in working memory. 
A) we recall the items using sensory memory. 
B) we recall the items because they were stored in long-term memory. 
C) we recall the items because we know their source. 
D) we recall the items because they are still accessible in working memory.

Question 6

Memory system that holds literal information for a fraction of a second to allow cognitive processing is:

Accepted Answer

A) short-term. 
B) long-term. 
C) sensory. 
D) vertical. 
A) short-term. 
B) long-term. 
C) sensory. 
D) vertical.

Question 7

In a task, participants are asked to hold a visual image of what their best friends look like.While holding that image, they are asked to perform a digit span task.You would expect:

Accepted Answer

A) the participants holding the visual image would perform just as well as a control group not holding a visual image because the two tasks use different working memory sub-systems. 
B) the participants holding the visual image would perform better than the control group not holding a visual image because the two tasks use different working memory sub-systems. 
C) the participants holding the visual image would perform worse than control group not holding a visual image because the two tasks use different working memory sub-systems. 
D) the participants holding the visual image soon lost interest. 
A) the participants holding the visual image would perform just as well as a control group not holding a visual image because the two tasks use different working memory sub-systems. 
B) the participants holding the visual image would perform better than the control group not holding a visual image because the two tasks use different working memory sub-systems. 
C) the participants holding the visual image would perform worse than control group not holding a visual image because the two tasks use different working memory sub-systems. 
D) the participants holding the visual image soon lost interest.

Question 8

In the Brown-Peterson task, rehearsal prevention means that:

Accepted Answer

A) a secondary task is given which prevents maintenance rehearsal of the to-be-remembered items. 
B) participants are instructed not to use maintenance rehearsal. 
C) maintenance rehearsal is prevented by presenting the words in a language not spoken by the participant. 
D) participants use non-verbal coding of verbal materials. 
A) a secondary task is given which prevents maintenance rehearsal of the to-be-remembered items. 
B) participants are instructed not to use maintenance rehearsal. 
C) maintenance rehearsal is prevented by presenting the words in a language not spoken by the participant. 
D) participants use non-verbal coding of verbal materials.

Question 9

The serial position curve measures:

Accepted Answer

A) the number of digits recalled in a digit-span task. 
B) the likelihood of correct free recall of items as a function of the input order at presentation. 
C) the ability to order a serial list. 
D) the order of input of the phonological loop. 
A) the number of digits recalled in a digit-span task. 
B) the likelihood of correct free recall of items as a function of the input order at presentation. 
C) the ability to order a serial list. 
D) the order of input of the phonological loop.

Question 10

The Central Executive coordinates the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop to control:

Accepted Answer

A) focus of attention. 
B) episodic memory. 
C) sensory memory. 
D) metacognition. 
A) focus of attention. 
B) episodic memory. 
C) sensory memory. 
D) metacognition.

Question 11

Baddeley stated that working memory is a single system within itself.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Sensory memory holds literal iformation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The visuospatial sketchpad can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) a limited capacity working memory system that stores auditory information for a short period of time. 
B) an attentional resource for visual information. 
C) a limited capacity long-term memory system for representing visual images. 
D) a limited-capacity working memory system that stores visual and spatial information for a short period of time. 
A) a limited capacity working memory system that stores auditory information for a short period of time. 
B) an attentional resource for visual information. 
C) a limited capacity long-term memory system for representing visual images. 
D) a limited-capacity working memory system that stores visual and spatial information for a short period of time.

Question 14

Describe working memory.

Accepted Answer

Neural structures, c

Question 15

When examining errors made during retrieval in a serial position curve experiment, the tendency is that:

Accepted Answer

A) people make errors based on meaning during the recency portion of the curve. 
B) people make errors based on meaning during the primacy portion of the curve. 
C) people make errors based on sound during the primacy portion of the curve. 
D) people never make errors for recency items because they use working memory. 
A) people make errors based on meaning during the recency portion of the curve. 
B) people make errors based on meaning during the primacy portion of the curve. 
C) people make errors based on sound during the primacy portion of the curve. 
D) people never make errors for recency items because they use working memory.

Question 16

The term used for processing the meaning of information in working memory is:

Accepted Answer

A) maintenance rehearsal. 
B) elaborative rehearsal. 
C) learning. 
D) iconic rehearsal. 
A) maintenance rehearsal. 
B) elaborative rehearsal. 
C) learning. 
D) iconic rehearsal.

Question 17

Which is the current term used to refer to systems of memory holding information up to 30 seconds?

Accepted Answer

A) working memory 
B) primary memory 
C) unemployed memory 
D) short-term memory 
A) working memory 
B) primary memory 
C) unemployed memory 
D) short-term memory

Question 18

Most estimates of the duration of working memory are around:

Accepted Answer

A) 3-8 seconds. 
B) 30-35 seconds. 
C) 1-7 seconds. 
D) 15-30 seconds. 
A) 3-8 seconds. 
B) 30-35 seconds. 
C) 1-7 seconds. 
D) 15-30 seconds.

Question 19

In working memory, the sub-system responsible for attention and control is known as the:

Accepted Answer

A) phonological loop. 
B) visuospatial sketchpad. 
C) episodic buffer. 
D) central executive. 
A) phonological loop. 
B) visuospatial sketchpad. 
C) episodic buffer. 
D) central executive.

Question 20

When can we expect to see interference between visual and auditory working memory tasks?

Accepted Answer

A) when the tasks are so easy that each task can be performed by the other system 
B) only when the concurrent tasks occur simultaneously 
C) when the tasks are difficult enough that they require allocation of attentional resources by the central executive 
D) when participants expect that visual images will interfere with visual processing 
A) when the tasks are so easy that each task can be performed by the other system 
B) only when the concurrent tasks occur simultaneously 
C) when the tasks are difficult enough that they require allocation of attentional resources by the central executive 
D) when participants expect that visual images will interfere with visual processing

Primary memory is a term to mean what type of memory?

Angie is a participant in an experiment on the serial position curve.One of the words on the list she hears is "lemon." Later, when asked to recall the list, she erroneously reports "lime." The word "lemon" was most likely:

Strayer and his colleagues link the decrement in driving performance with cell-phone use to:

Teasdale (1995) asked participants to generate random numbers.The participants most deviated from the instructions when:

The standard explanation of why recency effects occur is:

Memory system that holds literal information for a fraction of a second to allow cognitive processing is:

In a task, participants are asked to hold a visual image of what their best friends look like.While holding that image, they are asked to perform a digit span task.You would expect:

In the Brown-Peterson task, rehearsal prevention means that:

The serial position curve measures:

The Central Executive coordinates the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop to control:

Baddeley stated that working memory is a single system within itself.

Sensory memory holds literal iformation.

The visuospatial sketchpad can be defined as:

Describe working memory.

When examining errors made during retrieval in a serial position curve experiment, the tendency is that:

The term used for processing the meaning of information in working memory is:

Which is the current term used to refer to systems of memory holding information up to 30 seconds?

Most estimates of the duration of working memory are around:

In working memory, the sub-system responsible for attention and control is known as the:

When can we expect to see interference between visual and auditory working memory tasks?

Introduction to the Study of Memory

Memory and the Brain

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Visual Memory

Autobiographical Memory

False Memory

Metamemory

Memory Disorders

Memory in Childhood

Memory in Older Adults

Memory Improvement and Learning Efficiency

Filters

Exam 3: Working Memory

Primary memory is a term to mean what type of memory?

Angie is a participant in an experiment on the serial position curve.One of the words on the list she hears is "lemon." Later, when asked to recall the list, she erroneously reports "lime." The word "lemon" was most likely:

Strayer and his colleagues link the decrement in driving performance with cell-phone use to:

Teasdale (1995) asked participants to generate random numbers.The participants most deviated from the instructions when:

The standard explanation of why recency effects occur is:

Memory system that holds literal information for a fraction of a second to allow cognitive processing is:

In a task, participants are asked to hold a visual image of what their best friends look like.While holding that image, they are asked to perform a digit span task.You would expect:

In the Brown-Peterson task, rehearsal prevention means that:

The serial position curve measures:

The Central Executive coordinates the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop to control:

Baddeley stated that working memory is a single system within itself.

Sensory memory holds literal iformation.

The visuospatial sketchpad can be defined as:

Describe working memory.

When examining errors made during retrieval in a serial position curve experiment, the tendency is that:

The term used for processing the meaning of information in working memory is:

Which is the current term used to refer to systems of memory holding information up to 30 seconds?

Most estimates of the duration of working memory are around:

In working memory, the sub-system responsible for attention and control is known as the:

When can we expect to see interference between visual and auditory working memory tasks?

Introduction to the Study of Memory

Memory and the Brain

Episodic Memory

Semantic Memory

Visual Memory

Autobiographical Memory

False Memory

Metamemory

Memory Disorders

Memory in Childhood

Memory in Older Adults

Memory Improvement and Learning Efficiency

Filters