Question 1

__________ refers to specific plans that individuals can make that identify what,where,when,and how they will engage in a health behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Behavioral willingness 
B)  Perceived behavioral control 
C)  Subjective norms 
D)  Implementation intentions 
A)  Behavioral willingness 
B)  Perceived behavioral control 
C)  Subjective norms 
D)  Implementation intentions

Question 2

According to the transtheoretical model,relapse

Accepted Answer

A)  is most likely during the maintenance stage. 
B)  is most likely during the action stage. 
C)  is possible during any stage. 
D)  is unlikely past the action stage but more likely in earlier stages. 
A)  is most likely during the maintenance stage. 
B)  is most likely during the action stage. 
C)  is possible during any stage. 
D)  is unlikely past the action stage but more likely in earlier stages.

Question 3

Rates of non-adherence to medical regimes are around 70%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

People who experience high levels of stress

Accepted Answer

A)  become more adherent to medication routines oriented toward controlling their stress. 
B)  become less adherent to medications for chronic conditions but not for short-term problems. 
C)  become more likely to adhere. 
D)  become less likely to adhere. 
A)  become more adherent to medication routines oriented toward controlling their stress. 
B)  become less adherent to medications for chronic conditions but not for short-term problems. 
C)  become more likely to adhere. 
D)  become less likely to adhere.

Question 5

Morton is 90 pounds overweight and has both high blood pressure and high serum cholesterol.However,it has never occurred to Morton that he might be a candidate for cardiovascular disease if he does not change his lifestyle.According to Prochaska's transtheoretical theory,Morton is in the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  precontemplation 
B)  maintenance 
C)  contemplation 
D)  final 
A)  precontemplation 
B)  maintenance 
C)  contemplation 
D)  final

Question 6

An adherent patient who reduces her pain by taking prescribed medication as scheduled is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  negative punishment. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  negative punishment. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement.

Question 7

The major advantage of the pill cap microprocessor as a means of assessing adherence is its

Accepted Answer

A)  cost effectiveness. 
B)  ability to count the number of pills removed with each bottle opening. 
C)  ability to count the number of bottle openings and record the time of day for each opening. 
D)  nearly perfect validity. 
A)  cost effectiveness. 
B)  ability to count the number of pills removed with each bottle opening. 
C)  ability to count the number of bottle openings and record the time of day for each opening. 
D)  nearly perfect validity.

Question 8

Women are more likely than men to show higher rates of adherence to a

Accepted Answer

A)  medication for high blood pressure. 
B)  physical activity program. 
C)  smoking cessation program. 
D)  healthy diet. 
A)  medication for high blood pressure. 
B)  physical activity program. 
C)  smoking cessation program. 
D)  healthy diet.

Question 9

Negative reinforcement _____ behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  strengthens 
B)  weakens 
C)  punishes 
D)  both b and c 
A)  strengthens 
B)  weakens 
C)  punishes 
D)  both b and c

Question 10

Women have a higher rate of adherence than men do.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

__________ of health behavior take(s)a "one size fits all" approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  Stage theories 
B)  Continuum theories 
C)  Response efficacy 
D)  Stages of change 
A)  Stage theories 
B)  Continuum theories 
C)  Response efficacy 
D)  Stages of change

Question 12

Depression is more of a risk factor for nonadherence than anxiety is.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

_____ refer(s)to people's confidence that they can perform a behavior to produce a desired outcome in a particular situation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-esteem 
B)  Self-efficacy 
C)  Outcome expectations 
D)  Perceived benefits 
A)  Self-esteem 
B)  Self-efficacy 
C)  Outcome expectations 
D)  Perceived benefits

Question 14

Dawson's dentist calls to remind him of his scheduled appointment in three days.When Dawson arrives at the dentist's office he is permitted to select a lottery ticket as a reward for keeping his appointment.From this information,it appears that Dawson's dentist is using an approach based on the _______ model of adherence.

Accepted Answer

A)  health belief 
B)  self-efficacy 
C)  theory of reasoned action 
D)  behavioral 
A)  health belief 
B)  self-efficacy 
C)  theory of reasoned action 
D)  behavioral

Question 15

With regard to age,studies show that nonadherence

Accepted Answer

A)  increases with age. 
B)  decreases with age. 
C)  has a curvilinear relationship with age. 
D)  is not related to age. 
A)  increases with age. 
B)  decreases with age. 
C)  has a curvilinear relationship with age. 
D)  is not related to age.

Question 16

The model or theory that suggests that behavior is shaped by one's intention to act or not act,and that intentions are shaped attitudes,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control is

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy theory. 
B)  health belief model. 
C)  health action process approach. 
D)  theory of planned behavior. 
A)  self-efficacy theory. 
B)  health belief model. 
C)  health action process approach. 
D)  theory of planned behavior.

Question 17

Central to the transtheoretical model is the assumption that both behavior change and relapse take the shape of a

Accepted Answer

A)  triangle. 
B)  rectangle. 
C)  cone. 
D)  spiral. 
A)  triangle. 
B)  rectangle. 
C)  cone. 
D)  spiral.

Question 18

_______ methods for improving adherence increase knowledge,however ______ approaches have been shown to increase adherence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Educational; behavioral 
B)  Educational; socioeconomic 
C)  Behavioral; educational 
D)  Socioeconomic; educational 
A)  Educational; behavioral 
B)  Educational; socioeconomic 
C)  Behavioral; educational 
D)  Socioeconomic; educational

Question 19

Intentions have been shown to reliably predict future behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

_____ is an individual's perception of the social pressure to perform or not perform an action.

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-efficacy 
B)  Perceived behavioral control 
C)  Subjective norm 
D)  Attitude 
A)  Self-efficacy 
B)  Perceived behavioral control 
C)  Subjective norm 
D)  Attitude

__________ refers to specific plans that individuals can make that identify what,where,when,and how they will engage in a health behavior.

According to the transtheoretical model,relapse

Rates of non-adherence to medical regimes are around 70%.

People who experience high levels of stress

An adherent patient who reduces her pain by taking prescribed medication as scheduled is an example of

The major advantage of the pill cap microprocessor as a means of assessing adherence is its

Women are more likely than men to show higher rates of adherence to a

Negative reinforcement _____ behavior.

Women have a higher rate of adherence than men do.

__________ of health behavior take(s)a "one size fits all" approach.

Depression is more of a risk factor for nonadherence than anxiety is.

_____ refer(s)to people's confidence that they can perform a behavior to produce a desired outcome in a particular situation.

With regard to age,studies show that nonadherence

The model or theory that suggests that behavior is shaped by one's intention to act or not act,and that intentions are shaped attitudes,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control is

Central to the transtheoretical model is the assumption that both behavior change and relapse take the shape of a

_ methods for improving adherence increase knowledge,however approaches have been shown to increase adherence.

Intentions have been shown to reliably predict future behavior.

_____ is an individual's perception of the social pressure to perform or not perform an action.

Introducing Health Psychology

Conducting Health Research

Seeking and Receiving Health Care

Defining, Measuring, and Managing Stress

Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Disease

Understanding and Managing Pain

Considering Alternative Approaches

Behavioral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease

Behavioral Factors in Cancer

Living With Chronic Illness

Smoking Tobacco

Using Alcohol and Other Drugs

Eating and Weight

Exercising

Future Challenges

Filters

Exam 4: Adhering to Healthy Behavior

__________ refers to specific plans that individuals can make that identify what,where,when,and how they will engage in a health behavior.

According to the transtheoretical model,relapse

Rates of non-adherence to medical regimes are around 70%.

People who experience high levels of stress

An adherent patient who reduces her pain by taking prescribed medication as scheduled is an example of

The major advantage of the pill cap microprocessor as a means of assessing adherence is its

Women are more likely than men to show higher rates of adherence to a

Negative reinforcement _____ behavior.

Women have a higher rate of adherence than men do.

__________ of health behavior take(s)a "one size fits all" approach.

Depression is more of a risk factor for nonadherence than anxiety is.

_____ refer(s)to people's confidence that they can perform a behavior to produce a desired outcome in a particular situation.

With regard to age,studies show that nonadherence

The model or theory that suggests that behavior is shaped by one's intention to act or not act,and that intentions are shaped attitudes,subjective norms,and perceived behavioral control is

Central to the transtheoretical model is the assumption that both behavior change and relapse take the shape of a

_______ methods for improving adherence increase knowledge,however ______ approaches have been shown to increase adherence.

Intentions have been shown to reliably predict future behavior.

_____ is an individual's perception of the social pressure to perform or not perform an action.

Introducing Health Psychology

Conducting Health Research

Seeking and Receiving Health Care

Defining, Measuring, and Managing Stress

Understanding Stress, Immunity, and Disease

Understanding and Managing Pain

Considering Alternative Approaches

Behavioral Factors in Cardiovascular Disease

Behavioral Factors in Cancer

Living With Chronic Illness

Smoking Tobacco

Using Alcohol and Other Drugs

Eating and Weight

Exercising

Future Challenges

Filters

_ methods for improving adherence increase knowledge,however approaches have been shown to increase adherence.