Question 1

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

During the Middle Ages, children were nurtured until they were seven years old, which was considered the "age of reason."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Jenna believes that her four-year-old son should always be allowed to do as he pleases. She believes that her son-like all children-is incapable of doing anything wrong, and allowing him to do whatever he wants is the best way to raise him. Jenna's ideas agree best with the philosopher _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean Piaget 
B)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
C)  Konrad Lorenz 
D)  John Locke 
A)  Jean Piaget 
B)  Jean-Jacques Rousseau 
C)  Konrad Lorenz 
D)  John Locke

Question 4

Extinction results from repeated performance of operant behavior without reinforcement

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

__________ are stereotyped patterns of behavior that are evoked by a "releasing stimulus." ​

Accepted Answer

A)  Fixed action patterns 
B)  Learned behavioral tendencies 
C)  Survival mechanisms 
D)  Mnemonics 
A)  Fixed action patterns 
B)  Learned behavioral tendencies 
C)  Survival mechanisms 
D)  Mnemonics

Question 6

Bandura's social cognitive theory argues that children learn by observing models.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

John Locke believed that children should be treated as property and servants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is a similarity between Piaget's cognitive developmental theory and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both emphasize the joint contributions of nature and nurture to one's development. 
B)  Both suggest that one's genetic endowment determines one's ideas, preferences, and skills. 
C)  Both suggest that experience determines one's ideas, preferences, and skills. 
D)  Both see the child's functioning as adaptive. 
A)  Both emphasize the joint contributions of nature and nurture to one's development. 
B)  Both suggest that one's genetic endowment determines one's ideas, preferences, and skills. 
C)  Both suggest that experience determines one's ideas, preferences, and skills. 
D)  Both see the child's functioning as adaptive.

Question 9

Strong arguments or reference to authority figures are commonly used as scientific evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The ___________ views human development as occurring throughout an individual's existence. ​

Accepted Answer

A)  humanistic perspective 
B)  cognitive perspective 
C)  functional perspective 
D)  life-span perspective 
A)  humanistic perspective 
B)  cognitive perspective 
C)  functional perspective 
D)  life-span perspective

Question 11

Which of the following circumstances would make a researcher use animals instead of human participants?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the use of human participants would be considered unethical 
B)  When the use of human participants would require deception on the part of the researcher 
C)  When the researcher would be forced to keep a human participant's identity confidential 
D)  When the use of animals would be cheaper than human participants 
A)  When the use of human participants would be considered unethical 
B)  When the use of human participants would require deception on the part of the researcher 
C)  When the researcher would be forced to keep a human participant's identity confidential 
D)  When the use of animals would be cheaper than human participants

Question 12

Cross-sequential research combines the longitudinal and cross-sectional research methods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the context of human development, which of the following is true of the macrosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves interactions in the school and the larger community. 
B)  It involves interactions based on the cultural settings of the individual. 
C)  It involves interactions with environmental changes that occur over the life course. 
D)  It involves interactions based on care giving with parents and others. 
A)  It involves interactions in the school and the larger community. 
B)  It involves interactions based on the cultural settings of the individual. 
C)  It involves interactions with environmental changes that occur over the life course. 
D)  It involves interactions based on care giving with parents and others.

Question 14

In the context of theories of development, a cognitive theorist is most likely to study:

Accepted Answer

A)  how children confront and resolve developmental crises in their lives. 
B)  how the id, ego, and superego work together to form a healthy personality. 
C)  how patterns of reinforcement and punishment promote learning. 
D)  how children perceive and mentally represent the world. 
A)  how children confront and resolve developmental crises in their lives. 
B)  how the id, ego, and superego work together to form a healthy personality. 
C)  how patterns of reinforcement and punishment promote learning. 
D)  how children perceive and mentally represent the world.

Question 15

Stage theories consider development as a discontinuous process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Define the longitudinal research method. Explain the major drawbacks of the longitudinal research method.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. In longitudinal resea

Question 17

Discuss the ethical considerations that researchers must consider while carrying out research on human development.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Researchers adhere to

Question 18

Dr. Reggie Lau carries out a study with a hypothesis that caffeine enhances performance in sports. He lets the experimental group consume 100mg of caffeine and does not give any caffeine to the control group. He then makes the participants sprint for 20 minutes. In this experiment, which of the following is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  The group that does not get any caffeine 
B)  The group that consumes caffeine 
C)  The performance on the sprint 
D)  The duration of the sprint 
A)  The group that does not get any caffeine 
B)  The group that consumes caffeine 
C)  The performance on the sprint 
D)  The duration of the sprint

Question 19

The psychosexual theory of development is similar to the psychosocial theory of development in that:

Accepted Answer

A)  both theories assert that human development is a continuous, lifelong process with little or no gaps. 
B)  both theories suggest that a child's experiences during early stages affect the child's emotional and social life at the time and later on. 
C)  both theories believe that a child or adult's behavior is learned. 
D)  both theories suggest that adaptation and natural selection are connected with behavior. 
A)  both theories assert that human development is a continuous, lifelong process with little or no gaps. 
B)  both theories suggest that a child's experiences during early stages affect the child's emotional and social life at the time and later on. 
C)  both theories believe that a child or adult's behavior is learned. 
D)  both theories suggest that adaptation and natural selection are connected with behavior.

Question 20

The __________ controversy asks which is more important in determining one's developmental outcome: heredity or environmental influences. ​

Accepted Answer

A)  active-passive 
B)  continuity-discontinuity 
C)  nature-nurture 
D)  physiological-psychological 
A)  active-passive 
B)  continuity-discontinuity 
C)  nature-nurture 
D)  physiological-psychological

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

During the Middle Ages, children were nurtured until they were seven years old, which was considered the "age of reason."

Jenna believes that her four-year-old son should always be allowed to do as he pleases. She believes that her son-like all children-is incapable of doing anything wrong, and allowing him to do whatever he wants is the best way to raise him. Jenna's ideas agree best with the philosopher _____.

Extinction results from repeated performance of operant behavior without reinforcement

__________ are stereotyped patterns of behavior that are evoked by a "releasing stimulus."

Bandura's social cognitive theory argues that children learn by observing models.

John Locke believed that children should be treated as property and servants.

Which of the following is a similarity between Piaget's cognitive developmental theory and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?

Strong arguments or reference to authority figures are commonly used as scientific evidence.

The ___________ views human development as occurring throughout an individual's existence.

Which of the following circumstances would make a researcher use animals instead of human participants?

Cross-sequential research combines the longitudinal and cross-sectional research methods.

In the context of human development, which of the following is true of the macrosystem?

In the context of theories of development, a cognitive theorist is most likely to study:

Stage theories consider development as a discontinuous process.

Define the longitudinal research method. Explain the major drawbacks of the longitudinal research method.

Discuss the ethical considerations that researchers must consider while carrying out research on human development.

The psychosexual theory of development is similar to the psychosocial theory of development in that:

The __________ controversy asks which is more important in determining one's developmental outcome: heredity or environmental influences.

Heredity and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Lifes

Filters

Exam 1: History, Theories, and Methods

Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory suggests that children passively respond to their environments.

During the Middle Ages, children were nurtured until they were seven years old, which was considered the "age of reason."

Jenna believes that her four-year-old son should always be allowed to do as he pleases. She believes that her son-like all children-is incapable of doing anything wrong, and allowing him to do whatever he wants is the best way to raise him. Jenna's ideas agree best with the philosopher _____.

Extinction results from repeated performance of operant behavior without reinforcement

__________ are stereotyped patterns of behavior that are evoked by a "releasing stimulus." ​

Bandura's social cognitive theory argues that children learn by observing models.

John Locke believed that children should be treated as property and servants.

Which of the following is a similarity between Piaget's cognitive developmental theory and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory?

Strong arguments or reference to authority figures are commonly used as scientific evidence.

The ___________ views human development as occurring throughout an individual's existence. ​

Which of the following circumstances would make a researcher use animals instead of human participants?

Cross-sequential research combines the longitudinal and cross-sectional research methods.

In the context of human development, which of the following is true of the macrosystem?

In the context of theories of development, a cognitive theorist is most likely to study:

Stage theories consider development as a discontinuous process.

Define the longitudinal research method. Explain the major drawbacks of the longitudinal research method.

Discuss the ethical considerations that researchers must consider while carrying out research on human development.

The psychosexual theory of development is similar to the psychosocial theory of development in that:

The __________ controversy asks which is more important in determining one's developmental outcome: heredity or environmental influences. ​

Heredity and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Lifes

Filters

__________ are stereotyped patterns of behavior that are evoked by a "releasing stimulus."

The ___________ views human development as occurring throughout an individual's existence.

The __________ controversy asks which is more important in determining one's developmental outcome: heredity or environmental influences.