Question 1

After Juliet has eaten a meal, her _____ muscles will move the nutrients and waste through her digestive system.

Accepted Answer

A)  smooth 
B)  cardiac 
C)  striated 
D)  both smooth and striated 
A)  smooth 
B)  cardiac 
C)  striated 
D)  both smooth and striated

Question 2

Paraplegia usually results from

Accepted Answer

A)  polio. 
B)  muscular dystrophy. 
C)  spinal cord damage at the cervical level. 
D)  spinal cord damage at the lumbar level. 
A)  polio. 
B)  muscular dystrophy. 
C)  spinal cord damage at the cervical level. 
D)  spinal cord damage at the lumbar level.

Question 3

A history of having applied insecticides and herbicides to one's garden is related to which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  myasthenia gravis 
C)  muscular dystrophy 
D)  Parkinson's disease 
A)  Huntington's disease 
B)  myasthenia gravis 
C)  muscular dystrophy 
D)  Parkinson's disease

Question 4

Describe the basal ganglia and the role it plays in initiating movement.

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia consist of the caudate

Question 5

Evangeline is tutoring her sorority sister. She tells her that one of the ventromedial pathways is the tectospinal tract and it originates in the

Accepted Answer

A)  reticular formation of the pons. 
B)  tectum of the hindbrain. 
C)  vestibular nuclei of the medulla. 
D)  tectum of the midbrain. 
A)  reticular formation of the pons. 
B)  tectum of the hindbrain. 
C)  vestibular nuclei of the medulla. 
D)  tectum of the midbrain.

Question 6

Without input from the gamma motor neurons,

Accepted Answer

A)  extrafusal muscle fibers would be unable to contract. 
B)  intrafusal muscle fibers would not be able to relax. 
C)  extrafusal fibers would go limp whenever intrafusal fibers contracted. 
D)  intrafusal fibers would go limp whenever extrafusal fibers contracted. 
A)  extrafusal muscle fibers would be unable to contract. 
B)  intrafusal muscle fibers would not be able to relax. 
C)  extrafusal fibers would go limp whenever intrafusal fibers contracted. 
D)  intrafusal fibers would go limp whenever extrafusal fibers contracted.

Question 7

(see Figure 8.16)
  
- Kevina has been studying this figure for a quiz. She knows that the pathway indicated by #3 is the ______, whereas the pathway indicated by #6 is the _______.

Accepted Answer

tectospina

Question 8

An antagonistic pair of muscles is made up of

Accepted Answer

A)  two extensor muscles at the same joint. 
B)  two flexor muscles at the same joint. 
C)  an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle at the same joint. 
D)  two complex muscles that allow joints like hips and elbows to move in many directions. 
A)  two extensor muscles at the same joint. 
B)  two flexor muscles at the same joint. 
C)  an extensor muscle and a flexor muscle at the same joint. 
D)  two complex muscles that allow joints like hips and elbows to move in many directions.

Question 9

Keino has been studying for a quiz so he is confident that the structure that is labeled #3 is the

Accepted Answer

A)  myofibril. 
B)  Z line. 
C)  sarcomere. 
D)  myosin. 
A)  myofibril. 
B)  Z line. 
C)  sarcomere. 
D)  myosin.

Question 10

Isaac observed a sample of motor units in which single neurons innervated fibers of the same type. This led Isaac to conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  neural input probably determines the identity of muscle fibers as slow- or fast-twitch. 
B)  the organism that supplied the samples had probably suffered a spinal cord injury. 
C)  the organism that supplied the samples was very old. 
D)  his sample was not representative, and he needed to obtain more samples before reaching a conclusion. 
A)  neural input probably determines the identity of muscle fibers as slow- or fast-twitch. 
B)  the organism that supplied the samples had probably suffered a spinal cord injury. 
C)  the organism that supplied the samples was very old. 
D)  his sample was not representative, and he needed to obtain more samples before reaching a conclusion.

Question 11

Temporal summation may occur at the neuromuscular junction because

Accepted Answer

A)  action potentials last longer than muscle contractions. 
B)  muscle contractions last longer than action potentials. 
C)  many motor neurons form synapses at a single neuromuscular junction. 
D)  ACh is broken down slowly in the synaptic gap. 
A)  action potentials last longer than muscle contractions. 
B)  muscle contractions last longer than action potentials. 
C)  many motor neurons form synapses at a single neuromuscular junction. 
D)  ACh is broken down slowly in the synaptic gap.

Question 12

Vaccinations effectively prevent which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  polio 
B)  muscular dystrophy 
C)  myasthenia gravis 
D)  Huntington's disease 
A)  polio 
B)  muscular dystrophy 
C)  myasthenia gravis 
D)  Huntington's disease

Question 13

Muscles dominated by slow-twitch fibers appear _________ due to the presence of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  white; calcium 
B)  white; myoglobin 
C)  red; calcium 
D)  red; myoglobin 
A)  white; calcium 
B)  white; myoglobin 
C)  red; calcium 
D)  red; myoglobin

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the ventromedial motor pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  the reticulospinal tract 
B)  the tectospinal tract 
C)  the rubrospinal tract 
D)  the vestibulospinal tract 
A)  the reticulospinal tract 
B)  the tectospinal tract 
C)  the rubrospinal tract 
D)  the vestibulospinal tract

Question 15

The premotor cortex and SMA converge on very large cells located in _________ of primary motor cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  pyramidal cells in Layer III 
B)  pyramidal cells in Layer V 
C)  Purkinje cells in Layer III 
D)  Purkinje cells in Layer V 
A)  pyramidal cells in Layer III 
B)  pyramidal cells in Layer V 
C)  Purkinje cells in Layer III 
D)  Purkinje cells in Layer V

Question 16

Describe the major features of fast- and slow-twitch muscles, and discuss the implications of these different features for movement.

Accepted Answer

In humans, the thick myosin filaments in

Question 17

The corticospinal tract crosses the midline at the level of the

Accepted Answer

A)  superior colliculi of the midbrain. 
B)  junction between the midbrain and pons. 
C)  junction between the pons and medulla. 
D)  junction between the medulla and spinal cord. 
A)  superior colliculi of the midbrain. 
B)  junction between the midbrain and pons. 
C)  junction between the pons and medulla. 
D)  junction between the medulla and spinal cord.

Question 18

What is the difference between a monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex? Give examples of each.

Accepted Answer

Polysynaptic reflexes are reflexes requi

Question 19

The Babinski sign occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  stroking the sole of the foot causes the toes to spread and the big toe to point upward. 
B)  stroking the sole of the foot causes the toes to curl and then separate. 
C)  tapping the knee with a small hammer causes the foot to kick. 
D)  both extensors and flexors at a joint contract simultaneously in violation of reciprocal inhibition. 
A)  stroking the sole of the foot causes the toes to spread and the big toe to point upward. 
B)  stroking the sole of the foot causes the toes to curl and then separate. 
C)  tapping the knee with a small hammer causes the foot to kick. 
D)  both extensors and flexors at a joint contract simultaneously in violation of reciprocal inhibition.

Question 20

The fact that symptoms of Huntington's disease include the inability to control voluntary movements makes sense because the major damage from Huntington's seems to be in the

Accepted Answer

A)  motor cortex, which controls planned movements. 
B)  cerebellum, which controls coordinated movements. 
C)  spinal cord, which is the final pathway for all movements. 
D)  basal ganglia, which participates in the initiation and control of fine motor movements. 
A)  motor cortex, which controls planned movements. 
B)  cerebellum, which controls coordinated movements. 
C)  spinal cord, which is the final pathway for all movements. 
D)  basal ganglia, which participates in the initiation and control of fine motor movements.

After Juliet has eaten a meal, her _____ muscles will move the nutrients and waste through her digestive system.

Paraplegia usually results from

A history of having applied insecticides and herbicides to one's garden is related to which of the following disorders?

Describe the basal ganglia and the role it plays in initiating movement.

Evangeline is tutoring her sorority sister. She tells her that one of the ventromedial pathways is the tectospinal tract and it originates in the

Without input from the gamma motor neurons,

(see Figure 8.16) - Kevina has been studying this figure for a quiz. She knows that the pathway indicated by #3 is the , whereas the pathway indicated by #6 is the _.

An antagonistic pair of muscles is made up of

Keino has been studying for a quiz so he is confident that the structure that is labeled #3 is the

Isaac observed a sample of motor units in which single neurons innervated fibers of the same type. This led Isaac to conclude that

Temporal summation may occur at the neuromuscular junction because

Vaccinations effectively prevent which of the following disorders?

Muscles dominated by slow-twitch fibers appear _ due to the presence of _.

Which of the following is NOT one of the ventromedial motor pathways?

The premotor cortex and SMA converge on very large cells located in _________ of primary motor cortex.

Describe the major features of fast- and slow-twitch muscles, and discuss the implications of these different features for movement.

The corticospinal tract crosses the midline at the level of the

What is the difference between a monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex? Give examples of each.

The Babinski sign occurs when

The fact that symptoms of Huntington's disease include the inability to control voluntary movements makes sense because the major damage from Huntington's seems to be in the

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

Exam 8: Movement

After Juliet has eaten a meal, her _____ muscles will move the nutrients and waste through her digestive system.

Paraplegia usually results from

A history of having applied insecticides and herbicides to one's garden is related to which of the following disorders?

Describe the basal ganglia and the role it plays in initiating movement.

Evangeline is tutoring her sorority sister. She tells her that one of the ventromedial pathways is the tectospinal tract and it originates in the

Without input from the gamma motor neurons,

(see Figure 8.16) - Kevina has been studying this figure for a quiz. She knows that the pathway indicated by #3 is the ______, whereas the pathway indicated by #6 is the _______.

An antagonistic pair of muscles is made up of

Keino has been studying for a quiz so he is confident that the structure that is labeled #3 is the

Isaac observed a sample of motor units in which single neurons innervated fibers of the same type. This led Isaac to conclude that

Temporal summation may occur at the neuromuscular junction because

Vaccinations effectively prevent which of the following disorders?

Muscles dominated by slow-twitch fibers appear _________ due to the presence of _________.

Which of the following is NOT one of the ventromedial motor pathways?

The premotor cortex and SMA converge on very large cells located in _________ of primary motor cortex.

Describe the major features of fast- and slow-twitch muscles, and discuss the implications of these different features for movement.

The corticospinal tract crosses the midline at the level of the

What is the difference between a monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex? Give examples of each.

The Babinski sign occurs when

The fact that symptoms of Huntington's disease include the inability to control voluntary movements makes sense because the major damage from Huntington's seems to be in the

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?

Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the Cells of the Nervous System

Psychopharmacology

Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain

Vision

Nonvisual Sensation and Perception

Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward

Sexual Behavior

Sleep and Waking

Learning and Memory

Cognition

Emotion, Aggression, and Stress

Neuropsychology

Psychopathology

Filters

(see Figure 8.16) - Kevina has been studying this figure for a quiz. She knows that the pathway indicated by #3 is the , whereas the pathway indicated by #6 is the _.

Muscles dominated by slow-twitch fibers appear _ due to the presence of _.