Exam 18: History of Management

Dr. Murray has improved the efficiency of his dental office. Originally,his two dental hygienists could each serve seven patients per day;however,he added a coordinator to greet patients and handle non-hygiene functions normally handled by the hygienists. This initiative enabled the two hygienists to handle 10 patients each per day. What did Dr. Murray create?

XBC Inc. is a utility monopoly. Since it does not have competitors,XBC has had little incentive to change the way it does business. This has caused XBC to become out of sync with customers who wish to receive more automated information such as online account information and internet billing. Which system best describes how XBC operates?

According to Fayol's 14 principles of management,esprit de corps is a source of major organizational conflict.

Elton Mayo was one of the first researchers to focus on studying human relations management.

One advantage of a systems view of management is that it forces managers to be aware of how the environment affects specific parts of the organization.

A systems approach to management encourages managers to view each division as a separate,vital organism.

Scenario 18-1 As the day-shift supervisor at the steel plant,you summon the six college students who are working for you this summer doing odd jobs. You walk them across the plant to a field where the company stores scrap metal "leftovers." The area,about the size of a football field,is stacked with organized piles of metal. You explain that everything they see has just been sold.You point out that railroad tracks divide the field into parallel sectors,like the lines on a football field,so that each stack of metal is no more than 4 m from a track. Each stack contains 390 pieces of metal. Each piece weighs 42 kg and is about a metre long;it's just over 10 cm wide and 10 cm deep. You tell the students that,working as a team,they are to pick up each piece,walk up a ramp to the railroad car positioned next to each stack,and then neatly position and stack the metal for shipment. A forklift cannot be used because the metal is not on wooden pallets (the pallets would be crushed). The only way to get the metal into the rail cars is for the students to carry it.Based on an old report from the last time the company sold some of the metal,you understand that over an eight-hour shift,workers typically loaded 30 to 31 pieces of metal parts per hour. At that pace,though,it will take your six students six weeks to load all of the metal;it must,however,be shipped in two weeks. So,without more workers (there's a hiring freeze)and without forklifts,all of the metal has to be loaded by hand by these six workers in two weeks. -Refer to Scenario 18-1. What advice should you,as the shift supervisor at the steel plant in charge of the six college students,take from the teachings of Frederick Taylor?

What advantages does the systems approach to management offer that other approaches do not?

After the Industrial Revolution,jobs mostly occurred in large,formal organizations where hundreds of people worked under one roof.

Anthony was a skilled woodworker whose exquisite handiwork was sought after by many for custom furniture. However,due to the invention of cutting machines and processes,the need for Anthony's skills decreased quickly. Which period of time did Anthony exist in?

Kraft Foods has created five global product divisions-beverages,snacks,cheese and dairy,convenience meals,and grocery. It also has two marketing divisions-one for North America and the other for everywhere else. According to the systems approach to management,what are these seven divisions examples of?

In which of the following situations would a Gantt chart be appropriate to use?

Rose believes her employees will be more productive if she pays attention to how they feel and creates a family atmosphere within her company. Which approach to management is Rose most aligned with?

Which management theorist is best known for his/her role in the Hawthorne Studies?

Evidence of information management dates back to what location and time period?

Karl spent a morning evaluating his production staff and recorded their movements with a stopwatch. He realized he could reduce the distance workers walked to complete a process by simply changing the direction of flow of the product. Which element of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's work is this an example of?

The contingency approach to management holds that there is not one best way to manage an organization.

Which statement characterizes integrative conflict resolution?

Management ideas and practices have been used from the earliest times of recorded history.

Patrick rewards his best production workers and treats all workers fairly. When Patrick encouraged all production staff to model the most efficient ones,he rewarded the entire department when their production numbers increased. To which human relations approach is this most closely related?