Question 1

Mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts based on which observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitochondria produced the oxygen found in the atmosphere. 
B)  Almost all organisms have mitochondria. 
C)  All eukaryotes have mitochondria, but not chloroplasts. 
D)  All prokaryotes have mitochondria, but not chloroplasts. 
E)  Mitochondria are larger than chloroplasts. 
A)  Mitochondria produced the oxygen found in the atmosphere. 
B)  Almost all organisms have mitochondria. 
C)  All eukaryotes have mitochondria, but not chloroplasts. 
D)  All prokaryotes have mitochondria, but not chloroplasts. 
E)  Mitochondria are larger than chloroplasts.

Question 2

Clays often have positively charged surfaces.How may this have been important in the formation of organic macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a source of ATP to run chemical reactions. 
B)  They form covalent bonds with organic building blocks. 
C)  They can form templates by binding organic building blocks. 
D)  They are a source of oxygen to break down organic building blocks. 
E)  They are formed from meteorites that carried organic molecules to Earth. 
A)  They are a source of ATP to run chemical reactions. 
B)  They form covalent bonds with organic building blocks. 
C)  They can form templates by binding organic building blocks. 
D)  They are a source of oxygen to break down organic building blocks. 
E)  They are formed from meteorites that carried organic molecules to Earth.

Question 3

Many prokaryotes play vital roles in global nutrient cycles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Why are lichens a good indicator of environmental quality?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cannot absorb toxins. 
B)  If the air is polluted they cannot get enough sunlight for photosynthesis. 
C)  They cannot excrete absorbed toxins. 
D)  If the soil is polluted they cannot produce roots. 
E)  Toxins inhibit their reproduction. 
A)  They cannot absorb toxins. 
B)  If the air is polluted they cannot get enough sunlight for photosynthesis. 
C)  They cannot excrete absorbed toxins. 
D)  If the soil is polluted they cannot produce roots. 
E)  Toxins inhibit their reproduction.

Question 5

The endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi body,and other membranous organelles of cells might have formed by numerous infoldings of the cell's outer membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Fungi and animals are similar because they both

Accepted Answer

A)  are phototrophs. 
B)  have cell walls made of chitin. 
C)  are heterotrophs. 
D)  use starch as their main storage carbohydrate. 
E)  are decomposers. 
A)  are phototrophs. 
B)  have cell walls made of chitin. 
C)  are heterotrophs. 
D)  use starch as their main storage carbohydrate. 
E)  are decomposers.

Question 7

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is extremely salty is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  thermophile. 
B)  acidophile. 
C)  halophile. 
D)  basophile. 
E)  hydrophile. 
A)  thermophile. 
B)  acidophile. 
C)  halophile. 
D)  basophile. 
E)  hydrophile.

Question 8

The structures of prokaryotes that are used to transfer DNA from one cell to another are

Accepted Answer

A)  sex pili. 
B)  flagella. 
C)  endospores. 
D)  calcium carbonate threads. 
E)  cilia. 
A)  sex pili. 
B)  flagella. 
C)  endospores. 
D)  calcium carbonate threads. 
E)  cilia.

Question 9

The three most common shapes of bacteria are

Accepted Answer

A)  spirillum, endospore, and peptidoglycan. 
B)  bacillus, spirillum, and coccus. 
C)  cubical, spiral, and thread-like. 
D)  spirillum, nucleiod, and peptidoglycan. 
E)  cubical, spherical, and rod-shaped. 
A)  spirillum, endospore, and peptidoglycan. 
B)  bacillus, spirillum, and coccus. 
C)  cubical, spiral, and thread-like. 
D)  spirillum, nucleiod, and peptidoglycan. 
E)  cubical, spherical, and rod-shaped.

Question 10

The Miller experiment was the first in history that attempted to recreate chemical conditions on Earth before life arose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Mitochondria arose by endosymbiosis of a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)  anaerobic bacterium. 
B)  photosynthetic bacterium. 
C)  aerobic bacterium. 
D)  aerobic archaeon. 
E)  photosynthetic archaeon. 
A)  anaerobic bacterium. 
B)  photosynthetic bacterium. 
C)  aerobic bacterium. 
D)  aerobic archaeon. 
E)  photosynthetic archaeon.

Exam 15: Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Mitochondria evolved before chloroplasts based on which observation?

Clays often have positively charged surfaces.How may this have been important in the formation of organic macromolecules?

Many prokaryotes play vital roles in global nutrient cycles.

Why are lichens a good indicator of environmental quality?

The endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi body,and other membranous organelles of cells might have formed by numerous infoldings of the cell's outer membrane.

Fungi and animals are similar because they both

A prokaryote that occupies a habitat that is extremely salty is a(n)

The structures of prokaryotes that are used to transfer DNA from one cell to another are

The three most common shapes of bacteria are

The Miller experiment was the first in history that attempted to recreate chemical conditions on Earth before life arose.

Mitochondria arose by endosymbiosis of a(an)

The Scientific Study of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cells

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

Respiration and Fermentation

DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication,Binary Fission,and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Populations

Communities and Ecosystems

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

The Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

The Digestive and Urinary Systems

The Immune System

Animal Reproduction and Development

Filters