Question 1

What is the focus of the information-processing view of cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  how people encode, store, and retrieve information 
B)  how people integrated sensory information into meaningful schemes 
C)  how people assimilate and accommodate information into their schemes 
D)  how people develop their native intelligence 
A)  how people encode, store, and retrieve information 
B)  how people integrated sensory information into meaningful schemes 
C)  how people assimilate and accommodate information into their schemes 
D)  how people develop their native intelligence

Question 2

How does the information-processing theory use the computer metaphor to describe human cognition?

Accepted Answer

The computer, with its random-access mem

Question 3

MATCHING
-Macrosystem

Accepted Answer

A) Children actively construct their knowledge. 
B) maturation 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) place information into existing schemas 
E) outside of awareness
F)using consequences to alter behaviour
G)Children are innately good.
H)first year of life
I)theory of psychosexual development
J)standardized intelligence test
K)Children are caught in conflicts.
L)begins in the third year of life
M)tested in experiments
N)decreases behaviour
O)modify schema to fit new information
P)cultural setting
Q)increases behaviour
R)Pavlov
S)what we are currently aware of
T)tabula rasa 
A) Children actively construct their knowledge. 
B) maturation 
C) theory of psychosocial development 
D) place information into existing schemas 
E) outside of awareness
F)using consequences to alter behaviour
G)Children are innately good.
H)first year of life
I)theory of psychosexual development
J)standardized intelligence test
K)Children are caught in conflicts.
L)begins in the third year of life
M)tested in experiments
N)decreases behaviour
O)modify schema to fit new information
P)cultural setting
Q)increases behaviour
R)Pavlov
S)what we are currently aware of
T)tabula rasa

Question 4

Dr.Wong has intensely observed and recorded the activities of a pair of conjoined twins for two years.What type of research method does Dr.Wong's work represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  a case study 
B)  an experiment 
C)  a correlational design 
D)  a cross-lagged method 
A)  a case study 
B)  an experiment 
C)  a correlational design 
D)  a cross-lagged method

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an exosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  a child's school 
B)  a parent's workplace 
C)  a neighbourhood park 
D)  a community parade 
A)  a child's school 
B)  a parent's workplace 
C)  a neighbourhood park 
D)  a community parade

Question 6

Dr.Simmons has found a strong positive correlation between watching violent cartoons on TV and children's levels of aggression toward others.What can be concluded from this research finding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Violent TV causes aggressive behaviour in children. 
B)  Violent TV viewing and aggressive behaviour are unrelated. 
C)  Aggressive behaviour causes children to watch more violent TV. 
D)  Watching violent television and children's aggression are related, but may NOT be a causal relationship. 
A)  Violent TV causes aggressive behaviour in children. 
B)  Violent TV viewing and aggressive behaviour are unrelated. 
C)  Aggressive behaviour causes children to watch more violent TV. 
D)  Watching violent television and children's aggression are related, but may NOT be a causal relationship.

Question 7

Why do researchers use random assignment in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  to provide ethical reasons for being in an experiment 
B)  to prevent subjects from knowing which experimental group they are a member of 
C)  to cause a selection factor to determine how the subjects will behave in the experiment 
D)  to ensure that no pre-existing differences among groups cause the change in the experimental group's behaviour 
A)  to provide ethical reasons for being in an experiment 
B)  to prevent subjects from knowing which experimental group they are a member of 
C)  to cause a selection factor to determine how the subjects will behave in the experiment 
D)  to ensure that no pre-existing differences among groups cause the change in the experimental group's behaviour

Question 8

Human developmentalists have debated whether human development is continuous or discontinuous.According to the textbook, what is the current thinking in this debate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human development is continuous. 
B)  Human development is discontinuous. 
C)  Whether human development is continuous or discontinuous has NOT yet been determined. 
D)  Human development is both continuous and discontinuous, depending on what aspect of development is being studied. 
A)  Human development is continuous. 
B)  Human development is discontinuous. 
C)  Whether human development is continuous or discontinuous has NOT yet been determined. 
D)  Human development is both continuous and discontinuous, depending on what aspect of development is being studied.

Question 9

Which theorist is associated with sociocultural theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud 
B)  Erikson 
C)  Vygotsky 
D)  Bronfenbrenner 
A)  Freud 
B)  Erikson 
C)  Vygotsky 
D)  Bronfenbrenner

Question 10

Who is considered to be the "father" of psychoanalytic theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erikson 
B)  Jung 
C)  Freud 
D)  Locke 
A)  Erikson 
B)  Jung 
C)  Freud 
D)  Locke

Question 11

After six-year-old Mary is punished, she temporarily stops her well-established bad behaviour.However, Mary soon goes back to her bad behaviours.Why did her undesired behaviour resurface?

Accepted Answer

A)  The conditional emotional response to the punishment has generalized to another behaviour. 
B)  The undesired behaviour has been recovered. 
C)  The effects of punishment have become a habit. 
D)  Punishment is known to only temporarily suppress or inhibit a behaviour. 
A)  The conditional emotional response to the punishment has generalized to another behaviour. 
B)  The undesired behaviour has been recovered. 
C)  The effects of punishment have become a habit. 
D)  Punishment is known to only temporarily suppress or inhibit a behaviour.

Question 12

According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, a child may become fixated in the oral stage of development.In Freud's view, what experience can lead to this type of fixation?

Accepted Answer

A)  a stringent potty training schedule 
B)  concentrating on school work too long 
C)  playing with opposite-gender children too often 
D)  being denied appropriate amount of breast milk or nursed too long 
A)  a stringent potty training schedule 
B)  concentrating on school work too long 
C)  playing with opposite-gender children too often 
D)  being denied appropriate amount of breast milk or nursed too long

Question 13

Piaget's theory of cognitive development has been widely studied.Which of the following statements is most likely to be an evaluation of his theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Piaget completely misunderstood children's ability to think logically. 
B)  Piaget was correct that cognitive development occurs in distinct stages. 
C)  Piaget overrated the ages at which children are capable of doing certain things. 
D)  Piaget underestimated the ages at which children are capable of doing certain things. 
A)  Piaget completely misunderstood children's ability to think logically. 
B)  Piaget was correct that cognitive development occurs in distinct stages. 
C)  Piaget overrated the ages at which children are capable of doing certain things. 
D)  Piaget underestimated the ages at which children are capable of doing certain things.

Question 14

A child's peer group can be considered an exosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Describe the three main controversies in human development.

Accepted Answer

The main controversies are:
1) nature vs

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of the superego?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is present at birth. 
B)  It is innate and transmitted to the child genetically. 
C)  It represents the moral standards and values of parents. 
D)  It develops to help the child find rational ways of satisfying urges. 
A)  It is present at birth. 
B)  It is innate and transmitted to the child genetically. 
C)  It represents the moral standards and values of parents. 
D)  It develops to help the child find rational ways of satisfying urges.

Question 17

What is Mark's conditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  saying "gotcha" 
B)  touching his neck 
C)  laughing when he hears "gotcha" 
D)  laughing when his neck is touched 
A)  saying "gotcha" 
B)  touching his neck 
C)  laughing when he hears "gotcha" 
D)  laughing when his neck is touched

Question 18

How do behaviourism and ethology differ in their approaches to explaining human development?

Accepted Answer

Behaviourism suggests that children are

Question 19

Teachers who follow Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory provide children with opportunities to experiment with their environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

John Watson, founder of American behaviourism, believed that children were born with all they needed to know for life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What is the focus of the information-processing view of cognition?

How does the information-processing theory use the computer metaphor to describe human cognition?

MATCHING -Macrosystem

Dr.Wong has intensely observed and recorded the activities of a pair of conjoined twins for two years.What type of research method does Dr.Wong's work represent?

Which of the following is an example of an exosystem?

Dr.Simmons has found a strong positive correlation between watching violent cartoons on TV and children's levels of aggression toward others.What can be concluded from this research finding?

Why do researchers use random assignment in an experiment?

Human developmentalists have debated whether human development is continuous or discontinuous.According to the textbook, what is the current thinking in this debate?

Which theorist is associated with sociocultural theory?

Who is considered to be the "father" of psychoanalytic theory?

After six-year-old Mary is punished, she temporarily stops her well-established bad behaviour.However, Mary soon goes back to her bad behaviours.Why did her undesired behaviour resurface?

According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, a child may become fixated in the oral stage of development.In Freud's view, what experience can lead to this type of fixation?

Piaget's theory of cognitive development has been widely studied.Which of the following statements is most likely to be an evaluation of his theory?

A child's peer group can be considered an exosystem.

Describe the three main controversies in human development.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the superego?

What is Mark's conditioned stimulus?

How do behaviourism and ethology differ in their approaches to explaining human development?

Teachers who follow Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory provide children with opportunities to experiment with their environment.

John Watson, founder of American behaviourism, believed that children were born with all they needed to know for life.

Heredity and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Life's

Filters

Exam 1: History, Theories, and Methods

What is the focus of the information-processing view of cognition?

How does the information-processing theory use the computer metaphor to describe human cognition?

MATCHING -Macrosystem

Dr.Wong has intensely observed and recorded the activities of a pair of conjoined twins for two years.What type of research method does Dr.Wong's work represent?

Which of the following is an example of an exosystem?

Dr.Simmons has found a strong positive correlation between watching violent cartoons on TV and children's levels of aggression toward others.What can be concluded from this research finding?

Why do researchers use random assignment in an experiment?

Human developmentalists have debated whether human development is continuous or discontinuous.According to the textbook, what is the current thinking in this debate?

Which theorist is associated with sociocultural theory?

Who is considered to be the "father" of psychoanalytic theory?

After six-year-old Mary is punished, she temporarily stops her well-established bad behaviour.However, Mary soon goes back to her bad behaviours.Why did her undesired behaviour resurface?

According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, a child may become fixated in the oral stage of development.In Freud's view, what experience can lead to this type of fixation?

Piaget's theory of cognitive development has been widely studied.Which of the following statements is most likely to be an evaluation of his theory?

A child's peer group can be considered an exosystem.

Describe the three main controversies in human development.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the superego?

What is Mark's conditioned stimulus?

How do behaviourism and ethology differ in their approaches to explaining human development?

Teachers who follow Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory provide children with opportunities to experiment with their environment.

John Watson, founder of American behaviourism, believed that children were born with all they needed to know for life.

Heredity and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Infancy: Physical Development

Infancy: Cognitive Development

Infancy: Social and Emotional Development

Early Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

Adolescence: Physical and Cognitive Development

Adolescence: Social and Emotional Development

Early Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Early Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Middle Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Late Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Late Adulthood: Social and Emotional Development

Life's

Filters