Exam 11: Developmental Theories: From Delinquency to Crime to Desistance

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Age-crime curve is formed from the statistical count of the number of known crimes committed in a population over a given period mapped according to age.The curve reflects a sharp increase in offending beginning in early adolescence, a peak in mid-adolescence, and then a steep decline in early adulthood followed by a steadier decline thereafter.

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Antisocial behavior refers to behaviors that violate social norms, rules, and the rights of others. Risk factors for antisocial behavior include genetic predisposition, family dysfunction, exposure to violence or trauma, substance abuse, and poverty. Protective factors include strong parental support, positive peer relationships, and access to education and resources.

ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It is a risk factor for antisocial behavior, as individuals with ADHD may struggle with impulse control and have difficulty following rules and social norms.

Conduct disorder is a behavioral and emotional disorder in children and adolescents characterized by a persistent pattern of violating the rights of others and societal norms. It often co-occurs with ADHD and is related to antisocial behavior. Conduct disorder is a more severe form of antisocial behavior and is often associated with aggression, deceitfulness, and rule-breaking.

ADHD and conduct disorder are related in that individuals with ADHD are at an increased risk for developing conduct disorder. Both disorders involve difficulties with impulse control, following rules, and behaving in socially acceptable ways. However, it is important to note that not all individuals with ADHD will develop conduct disorder or engage in antisocial behavior. Early intervention and support can help mitigate these risks and promote positive outcomes for individuals with ADHD.