Question 1

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy

Accepted Answer

A) the side chain must be removed. 
B) the carboxyl group must be removed. 
C) it must be converted to NAD⁺. 
D) the amino group must be removed. 
E) it must be phosphorylated. 
A) the side chain must be removed. 
B) the carboxyl group must be removed. 
C) it must be converted to NAD⁺. 
D) the amino group must be removed. 
E) it must be phosphorylated. D

Question 2

The greater the ligand concentration needed to achieve 50% saturation of a particular binding site,the higher the affinity of the binding site for that ligand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of water 
B) 2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of lactate,and 2 ATP 
C) 2 molecules of pyruvate and 36 molecules of ATP 
D) 2 molecules of ATP,2 molecules of water,and 2 molecules of lactate 
E) 2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of water,and 2 NADH 
A) 2 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of water 
B) 2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of lactate,and 2 ATP 
C) 2 molecules of pyruvate and 36 molecules of ATP 
D) 2 molecules of ATP,2 molecules of water,and 2 molecules of lactate 
E) 2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of water,and 2 NADH D

Question 4

Any given protein contains binding sites for only one kind of ligand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Once protein synthesis is completed,the protein that was synthesized may undergo further changes prior to its secretion or use within the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon dioxide 
B) ATP 
C) Pyruvate 
D) NADH 
A) Carbon dioxide 
B) ATP 
C) Pyruvate 
D) NADH

Question 7

The cell membrane is composed mainly of

Accepted Answer

A) cytosol. 
B) phospholipids and proteins. 
C) phospholipids and nucleic acids. 
D) water. 
E) proteins and glycocalyx. 
A) cytosol. 
B) phospholipids and proteins. 
C) phospholipids and nucleic acids. 
D) water. 
E) proteins and glycocalyx.

Question 8

The major waste product of metabolism is H₂O.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Most of the energy stored in the body is in the form of glycogen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Consider the reaction below,which of the following is TRUE? H₂CO₃ ↔ CO₂ + H₂O + 4 kcal/mol.

Accepted Answer

A) The reaction is anabolic and the energy content of the reactant is greater than that of the products. 
B) The reaction is catabolic and the energy content of the reactant is greater than that of the products. 
C) The reaction is anabolic and the energy content of the products is greater than that of the reactant. 
D) The reaction is catabolic and the energy content of the products is greater than that of the reactant. 
E) The reaction is catabolic and the energy content of the products are equal to that of the reactant. 
A) The reaction is anabolic and the energy content of the reactant is greater than that of the products. 
B) The reaction is catabolic and the energy content of the reactant is greater than that of the products. 
C) The reaction is anabolic and the energy content of the products is greater than that of the reactant. 
D) The reaction is catabolic and the energy content of the products is greater than that of the reactant. 
E) The reaction is catabolic and the energy content of the products are equal to that of the reactant.

Question 11

In order to break up the molecules that compose the cell membrane,you need to

Accepted Answer

A) break covalent bonds among the phospholipid molecules. 
B) break hydrogen bonds among the phospholipid molecules. 
C) break covalent bonds between the phospholipid molecules and proteins. 
D) break hydrogen bonds between the phospholipid molecules and proteins. 
E) disrupt the organization of polar and non-polar regions of the phospholipids. 
A) break covalent bonds among the phospholipid molecules. 
B) break hydrogen bonds among the phospholipid molecules. 
C) break covalent bonds between the phospholipid molecules and proteins. 
D) break hydrogen bonds between the phospholipid molecules and proteins. 
E) disrupt the organization of polar and non-polar regions of the phospholipids.

Question 12

What is "allosteric modulation"?

Accepted Answer

A) Regulation of physiological functions by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system 
B) Modification of the functional state of a protein by temperature or pH 
C) The change in the shape and functional state of a protein that occurs when a ligand binds to a regulatory site 
D) The fact that all binding sites on a protein must be occupied to have a biological effect 
E) The ability of a single ligand-binding site to bind to molecularly similar ligands 
A) Regulation of physiological functions by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system 
B) Modification of the functional state of a protein by temperature or pH 
C) The change in the shape and functional state of a protein that occurs when a ligand binds to a regulatory site 
D) The fact that all binding sites on a protein must be occupied to have a biological effect 
E) The ability of a single ligand-binding site to bind to molecularly similar ligands

Question 13

There are twenty different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which is NOT true about cofactors involved in enzymatic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) They may alter the conformation of the enzyme. 
B) They may be a metal such as iron. 
C) They may be a substrate in a catalyzed reaction. 
D) There must be equal quantities of enzyme and cofactor molecules for a reaction to proceed. 
E) Only a small number of cofactor molecules may be needed to maintain enzyme activity. 
A) They may alter the conformation of the enzyme. 
B) They may be a metal such as iron. 
C) They may be a substrate in a catalyzed reaction. 
D) There must be equal quantities of enzyme and cofactor molecules for a reaction to proceed. 
E) Only a small number of cofactor molecules may be needed to maintain enzyme activity.

Question 15

When a reversible chemical reaction is at equilibrium,

Accepted Answer

A) the rate of the reaction in one direction is equal to the rate in the reverse direction. 
B) the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products. 
C) both the forward and reverse reactions stop occurring. 
D) the supply of reactants has become exhausted,so the forward reaction ceases and the rate of the reverse reaction increases. 
E) catalysts no longer influence either the forward or reverse reaction rates. 
A) the rate of the reaction in one direction is equal to the rate in the reverse direction. 
B) the concentration of the reactants is equal to the concentration of the products. 
C) both the forward and reverse reactions stop occurring. 
D) the supply of reactants has become exhausted,so the forward reaction ceases and the rate of the reverse reaction increases. 
E) catalysts no longer influence either the forward or reverse reaction rates.

Question 16

At equilibrium,in an irreversible reaction

Accepted Answer

A) almost all of the reactants will have been converted to products. 
B) there will be an equal number of products and reactants. 
C) there will be very few molecules of product. 
D) small amounts of energy will have been released. 
E) large amounts of energy must have been input to reach that state. 
A) almost all of the reactants will have been converted to products. 
B) there will be an equal number of products and reactants. 
C) there will be very few molecules of product. 
D) small amounts of energy will have been released. 
E) large amounts of energy must have been input to reach that state.

Question 17

In general,the larger the number of different ligands that can bind to a particular binding site on a protein,the less the specificity of that binding site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is a genome?

Accepted Answer

A) A cluster of genes that are all regulated in the same manner 
B) A measure of the genetic variability in a population 
C) A region of DNA that codes for a single protein 
D) All of the protein in a cell at a given point in time 
E) The total genetic information in a typical cell of an organism 
A) A cluster of genes that are all regulated in the same manner 
B) A measure of the genetic variability in a population 
C) A region of DNA that codes for a single protein 
D) All of the protein in a cell at a given point in time 
E) The total genetic information in a typical cell of an organism

Question 19

A metabolic pathway results in the synthesis of a hormone.  The presence of that hormone inhibits the second reaction in the pathway.Which of the following terms are appropriate descriptions of this inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A) End-product inhibition 
B) Negative feedback 
C) Covalent modification 
D) Catabolic inhibition 
E) Affinity 
A) End-product inhibition 
B) Negative feedback 
C) Covalent modification 
D) Catabolic inhibition 
E) Affinity

Question 20

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A) Modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and storing calcium ions 
B) Digestion of engulfed bacteria and using oxygen to generate ATP 
C) Synthesizing lipids and intracellular storage of calcium ions 
D) Modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles 
E) Modifying proteins synthesized on ribosomes associated with granular endoplasmic reticulum and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles 
A) Modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and storing calcium ions 
B) Digestion of engulfed bacteria and using oxygen to generate ATP 
C) Synthesizing lipids and intracellular storage of calcium ions 
D) Modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles 
E) Modifying proteins synthesized on ribosomes associated with granular endoplasmic reticulum and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy

The greater the ligand concentration needed to achieve 50% saturation of a particular binding site,the higher the affinity of the binding site for that ligand.

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Any given protein contains binding sites for only one kind of ligand.

Once protein synthesis is completed,the protein that was synthesized may undergo further changes prior to its secretion or use within the cell.

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

The cell membrane is composed mainly of

The major waste product of metabolism is H₂O.

Most of the energy stored in the body is in the form of glycogen.

Consider the reaction below,which of the following is TRUE? H₂CO₃ ↔ CO₂ + H₂O + 4 kcal/mol.

In order to break up the molecules that compose the cell membrane,you need to

What is "allosteric modulation"?

There are twenty different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

Which is NOT true about cofactors involved in enzymatic reactions?

When a reversible chemical reaction is at equilibrium,

At equilibrium,in an irreversible reaction

In general,the larger the number of different ligands that can bind to a particular binding site on a protein,the less the specificity of that binding site.

What is a genome?

A metabolic pathway results in the synthesis of a hormone. The presence of that hormone inhibits the second reaction in the pathway.Which of the following terms are appropriate descriptions of this inhibition?

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signalling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters

Exam 3: Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy

The greater the ligand concentration needed to achieve 50% saturation of a particular binding site,the higher the affinity of the binding site for that ligand.

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Any given protein contains binding sites for only one kind of ligand.

Once protein synthesis is completed,the protein that was synthesized may undergo further changes prior to its secretion or use within the cell.

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

The cell membrane is composed mainly of

The major waste product of metabolism is H₂O.

Most of the energy stored in the body is in the form of glycogen.

Consider the reaction below,which of the following is TRUE? H₂CO₃ ↔ CO₂ + H₂O + 4 kcal/mol.

In order to break up the molecules that compose the cell membrane,you need to

What is "allosteric modulation"?

There are twenty different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

Which is NOT true about cofactors involved in enzymatic reactions?

When a reversible chemical reaction is at equilibrium,

At equilibrium,in an irreversible reaction

In general,the larger the number of different ligands that can bind to a particular binding site on a protein,the less the specificity of that binding site.

What is a genome?

A metabolic pathway results in the synthesis of a hormone. The presence of that hormone inhibits the second reaction in the pathway.Which of the following terms are appropriate descriptions of this inhibition?

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signalling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters