Question 1

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that is not synthesized by the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

All water in the human body comes from dietary sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A) Sorting of proteins destined for various locations in the cell 
B) Modifying proteins destined for secretion 
C) Packaging enzymes destined for lysosomes 
D) Addition of carbohydrate groups to proteins 
E) Transcribing a signal sequence onto proteins destined for secretion 
A) Sorting of proteins destined for various locations in the cell 
B) Modifying proteins destined for secretion 
C) Packaging enzymes destined for lysosomes 
D) Addition of carbohydrate groups to proteins 
E) Transcribing a signal sequence onto proteins destined for secretion

Question 4

Living cells cannot be viewed under an electron microscope.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The first step in glycogen synthesis is the phosphorylation of glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The nucleotide triplet in tRNA that base-pairs with a complementary triplet in mRNA is called the codon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Substrate-level phosphorylation takes place in the ribosomes of cells,whereas oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In order to increase the overall rate of a metabolic pathway consisting of five reactions catalyzed by five different enzymes,which must occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing the reaction rate of all five enzymes 
B) Increasing the reaction rate of the fastest enzyme 
C) Increasing the reaction rate of the slowest enzyme 
D) Increasing the reaction rate of the first enzyme in the pathway 
E) Increasing the reaction rate of the last enzyme in the pathway 
A) Increasing the reaction rate of all five enzymes 
B) Increasing the reaction rate of the fastest enzyme 
C) Increasing the reaction rate of the slowest enzyme 
D) Increasing the reaction rate of the first enzyme in the pathway 
E) Increasing the reaction rate of the last enzyme in the pathway

Question 9

Free ribosomes differ from membrane-bound ribosomes in that free ribosomes specialize in synthesizing proteins for export (secretion)from the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The wall of the intestines needs to form an impenetrable barrier that prevents the passage of molecules through the extracellular space (the only route of passage must be for molecules to move through the cells).What type of cellular junction would be most appropriate for this task?

Accepted Answer

A) Desmosomes 
B) Tight junctions 
C) Gap junctions 
D) All of the answer choices are correct 
E) None of the answer choices are correct 
A) Desmosomes 
B) Tight junctions 
C) Gap junctions 
D) All of the answer choices are correct 
E) None of the answer choices are correct

Question 11

ATP is

Accepted Answer

A) a nucleotide. 
B) a lipid. 
C) an amino acid. 
D) a carbohydrate. 
E) a steroid. 
A) a nucleotide. 
B) a lipid. 
C) an amino acid. 
D) a carbohydrate. 
E) a steroid.

Question 12

How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins destined to remain inside the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins destined to be secreted have a signal sequence. 
B) Proteins destined to be secreted are synthesized on free ribosomes. 
C) Proteins destined to be secreted are packaged into secretory vesicles in the granular endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Only proteins destined for secretion need transfer RNA to be synthesized. 
E) Genes for proteins with functions inside the cell are located in the cytoplasm. 
A) Proteins destined to be secreted have a signal sequence. 
B) Proteins destined to be secreted are synthesized on free ribosomes. 
C) Proteins destined to be secreted are packaged into secretory vesicles in the granular endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Only proteins destined for secretion need transfer RNA to be synthesized. 
E) Genes for proteins with functions inside the cell are located in the cytoplasm.

Question 13

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A certain protein receptor is capable of binding the neurotransmitter epinephrine but does not bind to the neurotransmitters dopamine,glutamate,or serotonin.This is because the receptor displays what characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A) Saturation 
B) Inhibition 
C) Specificity 
D) Acclimatization 
E) Accommodation 
A) Saturation 
B) Inhibition 
C) Specificity 
D) Acclimatization 
E) Accommodation

Question 15

Which is the best definition of the term ligand?

Accepted Answer

A) A receptor composed of protein 
B) A molecule or ion that binds to a protein 
C) Any molecule found in the intracellular fluid 
D) Any molecule found in the extracellular fluid 
E) A carbohydrate molecule that binds weakly to membrane phospholipids 
A) A receptor composed of protein 
B) A molecule or ion that binds to a protein 
C) Any molecule found in the intracellular fluid 
D) Any molecule found in the extracellular fluid 
E) A carbohydrate molecule that binds weakly to membrane phospholipids

Question 16

What are desmosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) Low-resistance channel-like passages that let ions travel between the interiors of adjacent cells 
B) Cell organelles that contain enzymes for digesting cellular debris and foreign microbes 
C) Cellular organelles that transcribe RNA into DNA 
D) Membrane-bound vesicles that pinch off from the plasma membrane and enter the cell 
E) Dense plaques of proteins that maintain firm attachments between adjacent cells 
A) Low-resistance channel-like passages that let ions travel between the interiors of adjacent cells 
B) Cell organelles that contain enzymes for digesting cellular debris and foreign microbes 
C) Cellular organelles that transcribe RNA into DNA 
D) Membrane-bound vesicles that pinch off from the plasma membrane and enter the cell 
E) Dense plaques of proteins that maintain firm attachments between adjacent cells

Question 17

Lysosomes are organelles specialized for breaking down intracellular debris or malfunctioning parts of cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In an experiment,you have isolated amino acids from the cytosol of a cell.You discover that nucleic acid molecules appear to be attached to the amino acids.It is most likely that you have isolated what type of nucleic acid?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) mRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) tRNA 
E) Double-stranded RNA 
A) DNA 
B) mRNA 
C) rRNA 
D) tRNA 
E) Double-stranded RNA

Question 19

In a species of insect that lives at cold temperatures,which of the following adaptations to the plasma membrane would help promote membrane fluidity?

Accepted Answer

A) More integral membrane proteins 
B) More cholesterol in the membrane 
C) More transmembrane proteins 
D) Thinner glycocalyx 
E) More cell junctions 
A) More integral membrane proteins 
B) More cholesterol in the membrane 
C) More transmembrane proteins 
D) Thinner glycocalyx 
E) More cell junctions

Question 20

The special functions of plasma and organelle membranes depend primarily on the specific composition of the phospholipids of those membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that is not synthesized by the body.

All water in the human body comes from dietary sources.

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Living cells cannot be viewed under an electron microscope.

The first step in glycogen synthesis is the phosphorylation of glucose.

The nucleotide triplet in tRNA that base-pairs with a complementary triplet in mRNA is called the codon.

Substrate-level phosphorylation takes place in the ribosomes of cells,whereas oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

In order to increase the overall rate of a metabolic pathway consisting of five reactions catalyzed by five different enzymes,which must occur?

Free ribosomes differ from membrane-bound ribosomes in that free ribosomes specialize in synthesizing proteins for export (secretion)from the cell.

The wall of the intestines needs to form an impenetrable barrier that prevents the passage of molecules through the extracellular space (the only route of passage must be for molecules to move through the cells).What type of cellular junction would be most appropriate for this task?

ATP is

How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins destined to remain inside the cell?

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

A certain protein receptor is capable of binding the neurotransmitter epinephrine but does not bind to the neurotransmitters dopamine,glutamate,or serotonin.This is because the receptor displays what characteristic?

Which is the best definition of the term ligand?

What are desmosomes?

Lysosomes are organelles specialized for breaking down intracellular debris or malfunctioning parts of cells.

In an experiment,you have isolated amino acids from the cytosol of a cell.You discover that nucleic acid molecules appear to be attached to the amino acids.It is most likely that you have isolated what type of nucleic acid?

In a species of insect that lives at cold temperatures,which of the following adaptations to the plasma membrane would help promote membrane fluidity?

The special functions of plasma and organelle membranes depend primarily on the specific composition of the phospholipids of those membranes.

Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signalling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters

Exam 3: Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolic Pathways

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that is not synthesized by the body.

All water in the human body comes from dietary sources.

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Living cells cannot be viewed under an electron microscope.

The first step in glycogen synthesis is the phosphorylation of glucose.

The nucleotide triplet in tRNA that base-pairs with a complementary triplet in mRNA is called the codon.

Substrate-level phosphorylation takes place in the ribosomes of cells,whereas oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

In order to increase the overall rate of a metabolic pathway consisting of five reactions catalyzed by five different enzymes,which must occur?

Free ribosomes differ from membrane-bound ribosomes in that free ribosomes specialize in synthesizing proteins for export (secretion)from the cell.

The wall of the intestines needs to form an impenetrable barrier that prevents the passage of molecules through the extracellular space (the only route of passage must be for molecules to move through the cells).What type of cellular junction would be most appropriate for this task?

ATP is

How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins destined to remain inside the cell?

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

A certain protein receptor is capable of binding the neurotransmitter epinephrine but does not bind to the neurotransmitters dopamine,glutamate,or serotonin.This is because the receptor displays what characteristic?

Which is the best definition of the term ligand?

What are desmosomes?

Lysosomes are organelles specialized for breaking down intracellular debris or malfunctioning parts of cells.

In an experiment,you have isolated amino acids from the cytosol of a cell.You discover that nucleic acid molecules appear to be attached to the amino acids.It is most likely that you have isolated what type of nucleic acid?

In a species of insect that lives at cold temperatures,which of the following adaptations to the plasma membrane would help promote membrane fluidity?

The special functions of plasma and organelle membranes depend primarily on the specific composition of the phospholipids of those membranes.

Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body and Its Relation to Physiology

Movement of Solutes and Water Across Cell Membranes

Cell Signalling in Physiology

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

The Immune System

Filters