Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  production of fermented foods 
C)  synthesis of vitamins 
D)  causative agents of disease 
A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  production of fermented foods 
C)  synthesis of vitamins 
D)  causative agents of disease

Question 2

A microbial growth medium for Staphylococcus aureus is prepared with a high salt concentration to minimize the growth of many organisms that are not capable of growth in these conditions.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  animal culture. 
B)  endosymbiosis. 
C)  pure culture. 
D)  enrichment culture. 
A)  animal culture. 
B)  endosymbiosis. 
C)  pure culture. 
D)  enrichment culture.

Question 3

A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi. 
B)  E. coli. 
C)  virus. 
D)  algae. 
A)  fungi. 
B)  E. coli. 
C)  virus. 
D)  algae.

Question 4

Why was the selection of anthrax by Robert Koch a fortunate one?

Accepted Answer

A)  The microbe that causes it multiplies slowly. 
B)  The microbe that causes it multiplies to a high concentration in the kidneys. 
C)  The microbe that causes it is not dangerous to humans. 
D)  The microbe that causes it can remain infective outside the body for long periods. 
A)  The microbe that causes it multiplies slowly. 
B)  The microbe that causes it multiplies to a high concentration in the kidneys. 
C)  The microbe that causes it is not dangerous to humans. 
D)  The microbe that causes it can remain infective outside the body for long periods.

Question 5

CASE HISTORY
Debi was an ordinary teenager attending an affluent American public high school when she contracted tuberculosis (TB).She did not know the person who infected her.Infection requires inhalation of the causative bacteria.
Debi coughed all the time,felt tired,and was losing weight.Her coughing brought up blood.
An X-ray revealed the signs of infection in her lung,including a large hole eaten away by the bacteria.
From Debi's sputum sample,a DNA sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The DNA sequence revealed Mycobacterium tuberculosis,the cause of TB.Doctors prescribed isoniazid and rifampin,antibiotics that kill most strains of M.tuberculosis.But Debi's TB strain proved resistant to nearly all known drugs (MDR-TB).
Because drugs failed to eliminate the MDR strain,surgeons removed nearly half of her right lung to help the antibiotics overcome the infection.Debi recovered and returned to high school.She would have to continue taking antibiotics for years afterward.All the teachers and students in Debi's school were screened,and over 200 were found to have been infected by a student with tuberculosis misdiagnosed for two years.All required treatment to prevent disease.
Which organism in this case history is the pathogen? To what domain does this organism belong and what are the defining features of that domain?

Accepted Answer

Pathogen should be identified

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of Rosalind Franklin's accomplishments?

Accepted Answer

A)  generating the X-ray diffraction pattern of the structure of DNA 
B)  researching the structure of RNA 
C)  determining the form of tobacco mosaic virus's RNA chromosome 
D)  receiving a Nobel Prize 
A)  generating the X-ray diffraction pattern of the structure of DNA 
B)  researching the structure of RNA 
C)  determining the form of tobacco mosaic virus's RNA chromosome 
D)  receiving a Nobel Prize

Question 7

Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus Epidermidis 
B)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
C)  $Staphylococcus$ $\mathrm{epidermidis}$ 
D)  $\underline {Staphylococcus \quad Epidermidis}$ 
A)  Staphylococcus Epidermidis 
B)  Staphylococcus epidermidis 
C)  $Staphylococcus$ $\mathrm{epidermidis}$ 
D)  $\underline {Staphylococcus \quad Epidermidis}$

Question 8

Which of the following theories was the Miller experiment designed to test?

Accepted Answer

A)  the endosymbiotic origin of life 
B)  the idea that all the chemicals found in early Earth could have come together to form the basic components of cellular life 
C)  spontaneous generation 
D)  the RNA world hypothesis 
A)  the endosymbiotic origin of life 
B)  the idea that all the chemicals found in early Earth could have come together to form the basic components of cellular life 
C)  spontaneous generation 
D)  the RNA world hypothesis

Question 9

Explain how comparing the sequences of antibiotic-resistant and -sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis could be useful to treating tuberculosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer should discuss how this can l

Question 10

Consider the statement below.Evaluate whether you agree or disagree with this statement and provide evidence supporting your position.
"Microorganisms are dangerous to human existence."

Accepted Answer

A variety of answers are accep

Question 11

In 1884,the Gram stain was devised to distinguish bacteria from ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1884,the Gram stain was devised to...

Question 12

Based on the figure,the type of organism shown is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  archaea. 
D)  eukaryote. 
A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  archaea. 
D)  eukaryote.

Question 13

Florence Nightingale used a polar area chart to track the ________ of soldiers during the Crimean War.

Accepted Answer

cause of d

Question 14

Based on the figure shown,the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a

Accepted Answer

A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  macroscopic fungi. 
D)  large ameba. 
A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  macroscopic fungi. 
D)  large ameba.

Question 15

The endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic cells explains how

Accepted Answer

A)  prokaryotic cells transformed into eukaryotic cells. 
B)  eukaryotic cells evolved from viruses. 
C)  prokaryotic cells were incorporated by pre-eukaryotes as eukaryotic organelles. 
D)  eukaryotic cells eliminated prokaryotic cells. 
A)  prokaryotic cells transformed into eukaryotic cells. 
B)  eukaryotic cells evolved from viruses. 
C)  prokaryotic cells were incorporated by pre-eukaryotes as eukaryotic organelles. 
D)  eukaryotic cells eliminated prokaryotic cells.

Exam 1: Microbes Shape Our History

Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?

A microbial growth medium for Staphylococcus aureus is prepared with a high salt concentration to minimize the growth of many organisms that are not capable of growth in these conditions.This is an example of

A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be

Why was the selection of anthrax by Robert Koch a fortunate one?

Which of the following is NOT one of Rosalind Franklin's accomplishments?

Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?

Which of the following theories was the Miller experiment designed to test?

Explain how comparing the sequences of antibiotic-resistant and -sensitive Mycobacterium tuberculosis could be useful to treating tuberculosis.

Consider the statement below.Evaluate whether you agree or disagree with this statement and provide evidence supporting your position. "Microorganisms are dangerous to human existence."

In 1884,the Gram stain was devised to distinguish bacteria from ________ cells.

Based on the figure,the type of organism shown is a(n)

Florence Nightingale used a polar area chart to track the ________ of soldiers during the Crimean War.

Based on the figure shown,the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a

The endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic cells explains how

Basic Concepts of Infectious Disease

Observing Microbes

Living Chemistry: From Atoms to Cells

Cell Biology of Bacteria and Eukaryotes

Bacterial Growth, Nutrition, and Differentiation

Bacterial Metabolism

Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

Bacterial Genomes and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Eukaryotic Microbes and Invertebrate Infectious Agents

Viruses

Sterilization, Disinfection, and Antibiotic Therapy

Normal Human Microbiota: a Delicate Balance of Power

The Immune System: Inflammation and Innate Immunity

The Immune System: Adaptive Immunity

Immune Disorders, Tools, and Vaccines

Microbial Pathogenesis

Infections of the Skin and Eye

Infections of the Respiratory Tract

Systemic Infections

Infections of the Digestive System

Infections of the Urinary and Reproductive Tracts

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Diagnostic Clinical Microbiology

Epidemiology: Tracking Infectious Diseases

Environmental and Food Microbiology

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