Question 1

Exposed portions of axons at the nodes of Ranvier contain sodium and potassium channels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

All of the following are examples of why vesicular storage of neurotransmitters is important except:

Accepted Answer

A)  provides a protected area for neurotransmitter synthesis to occur. 
B)  protects neurotransmitter from destruction by enzymes. 
C)  provides mechanism for immediate release of neurotransmitters. 
D)  prevents premature release of neurotransmitters. 
A)  provides a protected area for neurotransmitter synthesis to occur. 
B)  protects neurotransmitter from destruction by enzymes. 
C)  provides mechanism for immediate release of neurotransmitters. 
D)  prevents premature release of neurotransmitters. A

Question 3

_________________ is a difference between the electrical charge within a neuron and the electrical charge outside a neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  Electrical potential 
B)  Electrical transmission 
C)  Neurotransmission 
D)  Ion channel activation 
A)  Electrical potential 
B)  Electrical transmission 
C)  Neurotransmission 
D)  Ion channel activation A

Question 4

During the resting potential,sodium channels open when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is an increase in sodium-potassium pump activity. 
B)  an inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs. 
C)  the local potential becomes depolarized. 
D)  the local potential becomes hyperpolarized. 
A)  there is an increase in sodium-potassium pump activity. 
B)  an inhibitory postsynaptic potential occurs. 
C)  the local potential becomes depolarized. 
D)  the local potential becomes hyperpolarized.

Question 5

The following is true for dopamine,norepinephrine,and epinephrine except:

Accepted Answer

A)  part of the same synthesis pathway. 
B)  the receptors are metabotropic. 
C)  the absence of tyrosine hydroxylase prevent their synthesis. 
D)  they are animo acid neurotransmitters. 
A)  part of the same synthesis pathway. 
B)  the receptors are metabotropic. 
C)  the absence of tyrosine hydroxylase prevent their synthesis. 
D)  they are animo acid neurotransmitters.

Question 6

If a researcher found that an ion channel opened when an inhibitory postsynaptic potential was delivered to the neuron,then the researcher should conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the channel is voltage-gated. 
B)  a coincidence occurred since hyperpolarization cannot cause channels to open. 
C)  the channel is ligand-gated. 
D)  the ion channel opens when depolarization occurs. 
A)  the channel is voltage-gated. 
B)  a coincidence occurred since hyperpolarization cannot cause channels to open. 
C)  the channel is ligand-gated. 
D)  the ion channel opens when depolarization occurs.

Question 7

If a researcher reports a significant increase in neurotransmitter turnover after administering a drug,then:

Accepted Answer

A)  the drug likely increased calcium influx. 
B)  the drug likely decrease release of the neurotransmitter. 
C)  an increase in drug reuptake likely occurred. 
D)  the drug likely increased release of the neurotransmitter. 
A)  the drug likely increased calcium influx. 
B)  the drug likely decrease release of the neurotransmitter. 
C)  an increase in drug reuptake likely occurred. 
D)  the drug likely increased release of the neurotransmitter.

Question 8

The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is:

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  glutamine. 
D)  dopamine. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  acetylcholine. 
C)  glutamine. 
D)  dopamine.

Question 9

The following are examples of ways that activation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters ceases except:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters are catabolized by enzymes. 
B)  neurotransmitters are transported through vesicular transporters. 
C)  neurotransmitters are returned to the axon terminal through reuptake. 
D)  neurotransmitters escape the synaptic cleft. 
A)  neurotransmitters are catabolized by enzymes. 
B)  neurotransmitters are transported through vesicular transporters. 
C)  neurotransmitters are returned to the axon terminal through reuptake. 
D)  neurotransmitters escape the synaptic cleft.

Question 10

Hyperpolarization occurs during the _____________ of a nerve impulse.

Accepted Answer

refractory

Question 11

A drug that inhibits monoamine oxidase would be expected to:

Accepted Answer

A)  bind to dopamine receptors. 
B)  increase levels of monoamine neurotransmitters. 
C)  also inhibit COMT. 
D)  increase the synthesis of dopamine. 
A)  bind to dopamine receptors. 
B)  increase levels of monoamine neurotransmitters. 
C)  also inhibit COMT. 
D)  increase the synthesis of dopamine.

Question 12

All of the following help to maintain a neuron's resting potential except:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium-potassium pump activity. 
B)  sodium ions building up inside the neuron. 
C)  closed channels for sodium. 
D)  closed channels for potassium. 
A)  sodium-potassium pump activity. 
B)  sodium ions building up inside the neuron. 
C)  closed channels for sodium. 
D)  closed channels for potassium.

Question 13

A(n)_______________ is a presynaptic receptor that is activated by neurotransmitters different from those released from the axon terminal.

Accepted Answer

A)  heteroceptor 
B)  autoreceptor 
C)  postsynaptic receptor 
D)  axon terminal receptor 
A)  heteroceptor 
B)  autoreceptor 
C)  postsynaptic receptor 
D)  axon terminal receptor

Question 14

The conversion of a neurotransmiter to a metabolite is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a conformational change. 
B)  turnover. 
C)  reuptake. 
D)  exocytosis. 
A)  a conformational change. 
B)  turnover. 
C)  reuptake. 
D)  exocytosis.

Question 15

All of the following will reduce neurotransmitter release except:

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking membrane transporters. 
B)  disrupting neurotransmitter synthesis. 
C)  blocking calcium channels 
D)  increasing activity of catabolic enzymes inside the axon terminal. 
A)  blocking membrane transporters. 
B)  disrupting neurotransmitter synthesis. 
C)  blocking calcium channels 
D)  increasing activity of catabolic enzymes inside the axon terminal.

Question 16

Structures in the brain where the somas for dopamine neurons are found include the:

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus basalis and raphe nuclei. 
B)  substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area. 
C)  basal ganglia and substantia nigra. 
D)  ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. 
A)  nucleus basalis and raphe nuclei. 
B)  substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area. 
C)  basal ganglia and substantia nigra. 
D)  ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens.

Question 17

A molecule that joins with a protein is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  ligand. 
B)  receptor. 
C)  ion. 
D)  enzyme. 
A)  ligand. 
B)  receptor. 
C)  ion. 
D)  enzyme.

Question 18

Neurotrophins bind to __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor tyrosine kinases 
B)  ionotropic receptors 
C)  noradrenergic receptors 
D)  BDNF receptors 
A)  receptor tyrosine kinases 
B)  ionotropic receptors 
C)  noradrenergic receptors 
D)  BDNF receptors

Question 19

A substance that produces an alternation to a neuron's level of functional response to stimulation could be called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  effector enzyme. 
B)  second messenger. 
C)  neurotransmitter. 
D)  neuromodulator. 
A)  effector enzyme. 
B)  second messenger. 
C)  neurotransmitter. 
D)  neuromodulator.

Question 20

A drug that blocked the norepinephrine transporter would be expected to:

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the synthesis of dopamine. 
B)  increase the synthesis of norepinephrine. 
C)  prevent storage of norepinephrine in synaptic vesicles. 
D)  increase levels of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft. 
A)  reduce the synthesis of dopamine. 
B)  increase the synthesis of norepinephrine. 
C)  prevent storage of norepinephrine in synaptic vesicles. 
D)  increase levels of norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft.

Exposed portions of axons at the nodes of Ranvier contain sodium and potassium channels.

All of the following are examples of why vesicular storage of neurotransmitters is important except:

_________________ is a difference between the electrical charge within a neuron and the electrical charge outside a neuron.

During the resting potential,sodium channels open when:

The following is true for dopamine,norepinephrine,and epinephrine except:

If a researcher found that an ion channel opened when an inhibitory postsynaptic potential was delivered to the neuron,then the researcher should conclude that:

If a researcher reports a significant increase in neurotransmitter turnover after administering a drug,then:

The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is:

The following are examples of ways that activation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters ceases except:

Hyperpolarization occurs during the _____________ of a nerve impulse.

A drug that inhibits monoamine oxidase would be expected to:

All of the following help to maintain a neuron's resting potential except:

A(n)_______________ is a presynaptic receptor that is activated by neurotransmitters different from those released from the axon terminal.

The conversion of a neurotransmiter to a metabolite is referred to as:

All of the following will reduce neurotransmitter release except:

Structures in the brain where the somas for dopamine neurons are found include the:

A molecule that joins with a protein is called a(n):

Neurotrophins bind to __________________.

A substance that produces an alternation to a neuron's level of functional response to stimulation could be called a(n):

A drug that blocked the norepinephrine transporter would be expected to:

Introduction to Psychopharmacology

The Nervous System

Properties of Drugs

Drugs of Abuse

Psychostimulants

Nicotine and Caffeine

Alcohol

GHP and Inhalants

Opioids

Cannabinoids

Psychedelic Drugs

Treatments for Depression and Bipolar Disorder

Treatments for Anxiety Disorders

Antipsychotic Drugs

Filters

Exam 3: Neurotransmission

Exposed portions of axons at the nodes of Ranvier contain sodium and potassium channels.

All of the following are examples of why vesicular storage of neurotransmitters is important except:

_________________ is a difference between the electrical charge within a neuron and the electrical charge outside a neuron.

During the resting potential,sodium channels open when:

The following is true for dopamine,norepinephrine,and epinephrine except:

If a researcher found that an ion channel opened when an inhibitory postsynaptic potential was delivered to the neuron,then the researcher should conclude that:

If a researcher reports a significant increase in neurotransmitter turnover after administering a drug,then:

The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain is:

The following are examples of ways that activation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters ceases except:

Hyperpolarization occurs during the _____________ of a nerve impulse.

A drug that inhibits monoamine oxidase would be expected to:

All of the following help to maintain a neuron's resting potential except:

A(n)_______________ is a presynaptic receptor that is activated by neurotransmitters different from those released from the axon terminal.

The conversion of a neurotransmiter to a metabolite is referred to as:

All of the following will reduce neurotransmitter release except:

Structures in the brain where the somas for dopamine neurons are found include the:

A molecule that joins with a protein is called a(n):

Neurotrophins bind to __________________.

A substance that produces an alternation to a neuron's level of functional response to stimulation could be called a(n):

A drug that blocked the norepinephrine transporter would be expected to:

Introduction to Psychopharmacology

The Nervous System

Properties of Drugs

Drugs of Abuse

Psychostimulants

Nicotine and Caffeine

Alcohol

GHP and Inhalants

Opioids

Cannabinoids

Psychedelic Drugs

Treatments for Depression and Bipolar Disorder

Treatments for Anxiety Disorders

Antipsychotic Drugs

Filters