Exam 7: Minorities in Policing

How effective are women as patrol officers as compared to their male counterparts?

How have affirmative action policies affected white males in hiring and promotional policies?

As late as the mid-1970s, women were often still allowed to work only with juvenile offenders, and in many cities female officers could not ride in patrol cars after dark.

The concept that employers must take active steps to ensure equal employment opportunity and to redress past discrimination is called:

The first African American police officer was appointed in what city?

How have police standards and testing procedures changed in recent years to enable more women and minorities to enter policing?

The requirement that officers not be less than a certain height (height requirement) was probably the strongest example of discrimination against women candidates.

The number of Hispanic American officers has increased significantly in the last two decades, as has their percentage in the general population.

The simultaneous expectation by white officers that African American officers will give members of their own race better treatment and receive hostility from the African American community because they are perceived as traitors to their race is known as ____________________.

All are issues women face in the law enforcement workplace except:

The first important job discrimination case was ____________________.

Recent years have seen a significant increase in the numbers of women in administrative positions and serving as chiefs and sheriffs.

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited all job discrimination based on race, color, ____________________, gender, and national origin.

According to your text, which racial group despite efforts is poorly represented in law enforcement?

The ____________________ extended the 1964 Civil Rights Act and made its provisions applicable to state and local governments.

Critics of affirmative action argue that selecting police officers based on their race or gender does not violate the 1964 Civil Rights Act and is discriminatory.

Academic research has shown that female officers can do patrol work effectively and are well received by the public.

The primary instrument governing employment equality, as well as all equality, in U.S.society is the ____________________ Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Until the 1970s, why was it presumed that women were not capable of performing the same type of patrol duty as men?

According to your text, the first challenge that a minority must face in the law enforcement workplace is ___________.