Question 1

Resident microflora:

Accepted Answer

A) can be found in the stomach and are adapted to acidic conditions 
B) may be permanent or transient 
C) may be responsible for opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals 
D) two of these 
A) can be found in the stomach and are adapted to acidic conditions 
B) may be permanent or transient 
C) may be responsible for opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals 
D) two of these C

Question 2

Hyaluronidase:

Accepted Answer

A) dissolves blood clots 
B) allows the pathogens to wall themselves off 
C) or spreading factor is important for streptococci colonization 
D) or adhesion is important for staphylococci to adhere to tissue 
A) dissolves blood clots 
B) allows the pathogens to wall themselves off 
C) or spreading factor is important for streptococci colonization 
D) or adhesion is important for staphylococci to adhere to tissue C

Question 3

All of the following pertain to microbial virulence except _____.

Accepted Answer

A) varies among different microbial species 
B) varies within the same species of a pathogen 
C) increases with animal passage 
D) increases by attenuation 
A) varies among different microbial species 
B) varies within the same species of a pathogen 
C) increases with animal passage 
D) increases by attenuation D

Question 4

A disease in which the agent is acquired directly from the environment and is NOT transmissable is a/an:

Accepted Answer

A) local disease 
B) secondary disease 
C) noncommunicable disease 
D) acute disease 
A) local disease 
B) secondary disease 
C) noncommunicable disease 
D) acute disease

Question 5

Factors that improve the chances of a pathogen's ability to invade a host and cause infection are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) contagious factors 
B) non-communicable factors 
C) viral factors 
D) virulence factors 
A) contagious factors 
B) non-communicable factors 
C) viral factors 
D) virulence factors

Question 6

Transposal of virulence is all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) a laboratory technique in which a pathogen is passed from its normal host to a new host 
B) involves animal passaging experiments to adapt a pathogen to its normal host 
C) was used by Pasteur to prepare rabies virus 
D) increases the virulence for the new host but may reduce the virulence in the normal host 
A) a laboratory technique in which a pathogen is passed from its normal host to a new host 
B) involves animal passaging experiments to adapt a pathogen to its normal host 
C) was used by Pasteur to prepare rabies virus 
D) increases the virulence for the new host but may reduce the virulence in the normal host

Question 7

What is a disease referred to when symptoms develop rapidly and it runs its course quickly

Accepted Answer

A) primary infection 
B) acute infection 
C) subacute infection 
D) chronic infection 
A) primary infection 
B) acute infection 
C) subacute infection 
D) chronic infection

Question 8

Attenuation:

Accepted Answer

A) is the increase in the pathogenicity of a microbe 
B) is the process that weakens the disease-producing ability of a pathogen 
C) does not affect the capacity to produce disease 
D) is the process that decreases the number of organisms that enter the body 
A) is the increase in the pathogenicity of a microbe 
B) is the process that weakens the disease-producing ability of a pathogen 
C) does not affect the capacity to produce disease 
D) is the process that decreases the number of organisms that enter the body

Question 9

Which of the following do not affect the incubation period of an infectious disease

Accepted Answer

A) Nature of the microorganism 
B) Virulence factors 
C) The numbers of invading microorganism 
D) Time between symptoms arising and microbe being transmitted 
A) Nature of the microorganism 
B) Virulence factors 
C) The numbers of invading microorganism 
D) Time between symptoms arising and microbe being transmitted

Question 10

Botulinum toxin:

Accepted Answer

A) when used for cosmetic purposes is called Botox 
B) relieves muscle spasms in dystonia 
C) is produced by Clostridium botulinum 
D) all of these 
A) when used for cosmetic purposes is called Botox 
B) relieves muscle spasms in dystonia 
C) is produced by Clostridium botulinum 
D) all of these

Question 11

What type of toxin is illustrated in this image

Accepted Answer

A) Endotoxin 
B) Exotoxin 
C) Enterotoxin 
D) Neurotoxin 
A) Endotoxin 
B) Exotoxin 
C) Enterotoxin 
D) Neurotoxin

Question 12

Microbial competition:

Accepted Answer

A) explains diseases from microbes that occur after antibiotic treatment 
B) encompasses both direct and indirect harm to the host 
C) explains why some bacteria are harmless in one site but turn pathogenic in another 
D) is beneficial when commensal bacteria prevent pathogens from colonizing 
A) explains diseases from microbes that occur after antibiotic treatment 
B) encompasses both direct and indirect harm to the host 
C) explains why some bacteria are harmless in one site but turn pathogenic in another 
D) is beneficial when commensal bacteria prevent pathogens from colonizing

Question 13

Which of the following must be true in order to satisfy some of Koch's postulates

Accepted Answer

A) causative agent must be observed in a small percentage of cases of disease 
B) must be isolated from hosts that are not inoculated with the pure culture 
C) when pure cultures inoculated in healthy hosts,they do not show disease 
D) causative agent must be isolated from diseased host and grown in pure culture 
A) causative agent must be observed in a small percentage of cases of disease 
B) must be isolated from hosts that are not inoculated with the pure culture 
C) when pure cultures inoculated in healthy hosts,they do not show disease 
D) causative agent must be isolated from diseased host and grown in pure culture

Question 14

Which of the following statements about host-microbes is true

Accepted Answer

A) A host is any organism that harbors no other organism. 
B) Infestation refers to the presence of larger parasites. 
C) In mutualism neither of the two species benefits from the relationship. 
D) Virulence is defined as the capacity to produce disease. 
A) A host is any organism that harbors no other organism. 
B) Infestation refers to the presence of larger parasites. 
C) In mutualism neither of the two species benefits from the relationship. 
D) Virulence is defined as the capacity to produce disease.

Question 15

Which of the factors below is NOT considered to be an example of a virulence factor

Accepted Answer

A) Prodrome 
B) Leukostatin 
C) Streptokinase 
D) Adhesions 
A) Prodrome 
B) Leukostatin 
C) Streptokinase 
D) Adhesions

Question 16

Toxoid:

Accepted Answer

A) is an altered toxin that retains its antigenicity 
B) is an endotoxin 
C) is insoluble in host tissues 
D) destroys or damages neutrophils 
A) is an altered toxin that retains its antigenicity 
B) is an endotoxin 
C) is insoluble in host tissues 
D) destroys or damages neutrophils

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct pairing of a disease with its classification

Accepted Answer

A) sickle cell anemia - degenerative disease 
B) anemia - mental disease 
C) creutzfeldt-jakob - mental disease 
D) emphysema - idiopathic 
A) sickle cell anemia - degenerative disease 
B) anemia - mental disease 
C) creutzfeldt-jakob - mental disease 
D) emphysema - idiopathic

Question 18

Which of the following microbes easily satisfies Koch's postulates

Accepted Answer

A) Fastidious bacteria 
B) Sepsis for which many microbes are regularly isolated 
C) Hepatitis C for which there is no suitable animal model 
D) Yersinia,the causative agent of plague as it can be isolated from sick patients 
A) Fastidious bacteria 
B) Sepsis for which many microbes are regularly isolated 
C) Hepatitis C for which there is no suitable animal model 
D) Yersinia,the causative agent of plague as it can be isolated from sick patients

Question 19

The virus that causes chicken pox in childhood:

Accepted Answer

A) is noncommunicable infectious disease 
B) has no convalescence stage 
C) produces hemolysins that release iron 
D) is the causative agent of shingles 
A) is noncommunicable infectious disease 
B) has no convalescence stage 
C) produces hemolysins that release iron 
D) is the causative agent of shingles

Question 20

An infection that is confined to a specific area of the body is a:

Accepted Answer

A) local infection 
B) focal infection 
C) systemic infection 
D) latent infection 
A) local infection 
B) focal infection 
C) systemic infection 
D) latent infection

Exam 15: Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Resident microflora:

Hyaluronidase:

All of the following pertain to microbial virulence except _____.

A disease in which the agent is acquired directly from the environment and is NOT transmissable is a/an:

Factors that improve the chances of a pathogen's ability to invade a host and cause infection are known as:

Transposal of virulence is all of the following except:

What is a disease referred to when symptoms develop rapidly and it runs its course quickly

Attenuation:

Which of the following do not affect the incubation period of an infectious disease

Botulinum toxin:

What type of toxin is illustrated in this image

Microbial competition:

Which of the following must be true in order to satisfy some of Koch's postulates

Which of the following statements about host-microbes is true

Which of the factors below is NOT considered to be an example of a virulence factor

Toxoid:

Which of the following is the correct pairing of a disease with its classification

Which of the following microbes easily satisfies Koch's postulates

The virus that causes chicken pox in childhood:

An infection that is confined to a specific area of the body is a:

Scope and History of Microbiology

The Microbiome

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: The Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immune Disorders

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, and Systemic Diseases

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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