Exam 2: Victimization and Criminal Behavior

According to the lifestyle-exposure model,which of the following people are most likely to be victimized because of where they live and how they spend their leisure time?

Positivist criminologists believe that science can be used to discover the causes of crime and to treat deviants.

Most theories about crime focus on both the poor and the wealthy.

The _____________ model argues that where someone lives and how a person spends leisure time determines the likelihood of becoming a victim of crime.

In the past,women constituted a comparatively small percentage of criminal activity,but today they are a growing population in the criminal justice system.Why did women previously make up a smaller percentage,and why do you think this increase is occurring? Use examples from the text to support your beliefs.

Which of the following foods has been found to reduce hostility in young people?

Which of the following is true about crime in America?

Discuss two of the factors discussed in your text that demonstrate how anyone may be a victim of crime.

Theories that identify the factors affecting the start,duration,nature,and end of criminal behavior over the life of an offender are known as life _________ theories.

Jeff and his coworkers frequently visit a local bar on their way home from their second-shift factory jobs.They are anxious to reach the bar on this particular night because their favorite NFL team is playing.Jeff hopes they will arrive in time to view the fourth quarter of the game.As he enters the bar,he notes a group of noisy,obnoxious rival fans who have had too many drinks.Jeff asks the group to quiet down so he can hear the game.He is immediately approached by members of the group who ask if he wants to make an issue of the game.Before Jeff can answer,one member of the group throws a punch.Within minutes,a full bar brawl ensues.Jeff ends up with a fractured skull,which results in brain damage. Jeff has never had a bar fight before.Therefore,Jeff is an example of

Can life-course theories be used to explain and address cybercrimes,or is there another theory that would work better? Why?

Emile Durkheim believed that crime was an unnatural part of social life.

Cesare Lombroso's medical training led him to believe that certain people are born criminals.

Dominic is currently a successful high school teacher.When Dominic was 17 years old,he was recruited by a gang,which he joined to establish a sense of belonging.His initiation process culminated with a "duty" to rob a local gas station at gunpoint.When Dominic went into the store,he noticed that his old high school football coach was standing in line to check out.Dominic's conscience got the better of him; he approached the coach,who was a father figure to him,and warned him of the robbery.The coach thought quickly to defuse the situation and ultimately helped Dominic get out of the gang,begin a new school in a different county,and earn his college degree.In his interactions with high school students today,Dominic often thinks about what would have happened if his coach hadn't intervened. Dominic was encouraged to participate in gang behavior by his peer group.Edwin Sutherland would refer to this as

___________ criminology maintains that human behavior is controlled by physical,mental,and social factors.

According to recent statistics,which of the following crimes do Americans fear the most?

Crime has many kinds of costs,including economic,psychological,and emotional.

Some believe biological theories of criminal behavior are rooted in racism and sexism,and ignore socialization and other factors.You are a U.S.Senator from the state of Michigan.You grew up a poor girl,in a predominately African-American neighborhood in Detroit.It is up to you to convince your colleagues who did not grow up in these circumstances what role socialization,racism and sexism play in "creating" criminals.What will your speech on the Senate floor say?

Explain Cesare Lombroso's theory of crimenogenic traits.In what form are his theories still in evidence today?

Classical criminology argues that criminal behavior is irrational.