Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency

Which one of the following statements best describes cognitive dissonance theory?

To increase the chance that a general attitude like "Helping others is a good thing" will predict a specific behavior like someone's willingness to give blood, you should ____.

Early research on classical conditioning was performed with dogs. In certain variations of this research, experimenters repeatedly presented dogs with meat powder just after ringing a bell. The dogs (who would naturally salivate after being exposed to meat powder) learned to associate the bell with the meat powder, and began to salivate as soon as they heard the bell. In this research, the bell served as a(n) ____.

Consumer surveys (e.g., questionnaires that ask people what products they like and use) are primarily used to measure people's implicit attitudes.

Suppose that Rachel sold one of her stocks last week and that the value of the stock has tripled since then. What a mistake! In which of the following cases is Rachel most likely to experience cognitive dissonance?

In distinguishing between beliefs and attitudes, it is useful to recognize that beliefs help people ____ while attitudes help people ____.

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding how people form evaluations of other people and of other stimuli?

Which if the following is a FALSE statement about attitudes?

Suppose that Hal and Peyton both hate Victor. According to balance theory (P-O-X theory), if the relationship between Hal, Victor, and Peyton is balanced, then ____.

The Implicit Association Test ("IAT") is primarily a measure of

Who is the most likely to be anxious, depressed, and/or low in self-esteem?

Research suggests that the idea that "familiarity breeds contempt" ____.

Much research suggests that people's attitudes are not predictive of their behaviors. However, in some cases, people's attitudes ARE highly predictive of their behaviors. Identify at least three factors that increase attitude-behavior consistency.

According to the text, what might best explain the development of prejudice against social groups that are frequently associated with negative information in the media, such as Muslims being associated with terrorism?

Deepa has finally decided where to attend graduate school-University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. After she has informed all the schools of her final decision, she begins to question her choice. However, she immediately focuses on all the reasons Illinois was the best choice for her, and better than her other options by far. This reassures her and makes her happy again. Deepa's feeling of uncertainty and subsequent motivation to justify her choice is an example of ____.

Suppose that Dylan has a new girlfriend whom he really likes. He programs his cell phone so that every time his new girlfriend calls, his phone plays the new Justin Timberlake single. After he has had his phone programmed this way for a little while, he notices that he feels happy whenever he hears the Justin Timberlake song. This most clearly illustrates ____.

Research on gender differences in sex-related attitudes and behaviors indicates that men show relatively more attitude-behavior consistency when it comes to ____.

Chandler wants to give blood at the school blood drive, and he plans to try to do so. But he knows that he will probably be turned away because of a medicine he is on. Chandler has a positive attitude toward blood donation, but what element of the Theory of Planned Behavior inhibits his ability to behave consistently with his attitude?

The results of Festinger and Carlsmith's (1959) study of cognitive dissonance suggests that ____.

Research suggests that the more people think about their attitudes, the stronger their attitudes tend to become. For example, the more a Lakers fan thinks about how much she likes the Lakers, the more of a die-hard fan she is likely to become. This effect is called ____.