Exam 9: Prosocial Behavior: Doing What’s Best for Others

Which dyad is most likely to experience mutual cooperation in a prisoner's dilemma game?

Equity and equality are two types of ____.

Brenda has never forgiven Brad for having an affair he had a few years ago. Even though she has agreed to stay in the marriage, every time they have a new problem, what is Brenda likely to do (based on research cited in your text)?

Suppose that you are working with a group of monkeys, and you give some monkeys a small reward (a cucumber) for performing a given task, while you give other monkeys a bigger and better reward (a banana) for performing the exact same task. Research suggests that the monkeys ____ compare their rewards, and that, as a result, ____.

The political scientist Robert Axelrod once held a computer tournament designed to determine the most successful prisoner's dilemma strategy (the strategy that would win most often for the longest period of time). That strategy was dubbed ____.

The political scientist Robert Axelrod once held a computer tournament designed to determine the most successful strategy for approaching the prisoner's dilemma (the strategy that would win out most often on a sustained basis). What he found was that the most successful strategy was loosely based on a pattern of ____.

Which couple is most likely to survive an isolated incident of sexual infidelity in which one partner cheats but the other partner remains faithful?

People who are physically attractive tend to receive more help than people who aren't ____.

Being able to feel another person's pain best describes what term?

Forgiveness is beneficial to the person receiving it, but not to the person doing the forgiving.

The fact that people experience survivor guilt suggests that ____.

The empathy-altruism hypothesis suggests that people who routinely engage in altruistic behavior gradually become more and more empathetic to others.

Based on the text's account of Oskar Schindler, which of the following conclusions would be correct to draw regarding Schindler's heroic altruism toward the Jews?

The positive emotion that results from the knowledge that one has benefited from the costly, intentional, voluntary action of another is known as ____.

The classic studies on obedience to an authority figure were conducted in 1963 by the psychologist ____.

Yesi is working on a group project. Because her project partners are somewhat greedy, she is concerned that she will not get the credit she deserves for her work. That is, she is concerned about being ____________________.

Stanley Milgram's classic research on obedience to authority was spurred on by - and conducted in the wake of - ____.

In evolutionary theory, the tendency for people to help others who share their genes is known as ____________________.

During the 1980s, when many gay men contracted HIV and died from AIDS, it was not uncommon for gay men who had been spared the disease to feel guilty about it (thinking that they, too, should have gotten sick if so many of their friends had gotten sick). That is, many gay men experienced ____.

Identify some of the factors that make people more or less likely to help others. Who helps the most, and in what cases (whom) are they especially likely to help?