Question 1

The pressure-time scalar shown in the figure represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
B)  Volume-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Ventilation (VC-SIMV)with Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
C)  Pressure-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)with Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
D)  Bilevel positive airway pressure 
A)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
B)  Volume-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Ventilation (VC-SIMV)with Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
C)  Pressure-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)with Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
D)  Bilevel positive airway pressure

Question 2

The ventilator mode that allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between operator selected time-triggered volume or pressure-targeted breaths is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) 
B)  Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) 
C)  Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) 
D)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) 
B)  Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (CMV) 
C)  Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) 
D)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV)

Question 3

If flow or sensitivity is set incorrectly,which of the following is most likely to occur during the continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV)mode?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscle atrophy 
B)  Respiratory alkalosis 
C)  Ventilator dysynchrony 
D)  Increase in mean airway pressure 
A)  Muscle atrophy 
B)  Respiratory alkalosis 
C)  Ventilator dysynchrony 
D)  Increase in mean airway pressure

Question 4

Full ventilatory support is provided by which of the following modes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
B)  Volume Support Ventilation (VSV)with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
C)  Volume-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (VC-SIMV)rate 6 with pressure support (PS) 
D)  Pressure-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)rate 12 with pressure support (PS) 
A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
B)  Volume Support Ventilation (VSV)with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
C)  Volume-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (VC-SIMV)rate 6 with pressure support (PS) 
D)  Pressure-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)rate 12 with pressure support (PS)

Question 5

A dual control mode provides pressure-limited ventilation with volume delivery targeted for every breath.If the desired volume is not met the ventilator will volume cycle.This describes which of the following ventilator modes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
B)  Pressure Augmentation (Paug) 
C)  MMV 
D)  Pressure Regulated Volume Control (PRV
C)  
A)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
B)  Pressure Augmentation (Paug) 
C)  MMV 
D)  Pressure Regulated Volume Control (PRV
C)

Question 6

A patient,who is nasally intubated,due to facial surgery,has been successful on her spontaneous breathing trial.She currently has moderate hypoxemia,despite a fractional inspired oxygen (FIO2)of 40% and positive-end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)of 5 cm H2O while on volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV).The most appropriate ventilator mode for this patient is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
B)  Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
C)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)with Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
D)  Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)with Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)and Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
A)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
B)  Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
C)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)with Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) 
D)  Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)with Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)and Positive-End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)

Question 7

A patient has recently been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea.The most appropriate treatment includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) 
B)  Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) 
C)  Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
D)  Pressure Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (PC-CMV) 
A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) 
B)  Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) 
C)  Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
D)  Pressure Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (PC-CMV)

Question 8

Which of the following is the minimum ventilator rate that is considered full ventilatory support?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 breaths/minute 
B)  6 breaths/minute 
C)  8 breaths/minute 
D)  10 breaths/minute 
A)  4 breaths/minute 
B)  6 breaths/minute 
C)  8 breaths/minute 
D)  10 breaths/minute

Question 9

A patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)has developed a pneumothorax from elevating peak and plateau pressures.The patient is currently being ventilated in the volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV)mode with a set rate of 12 bpm.However,the patient is triggering the ventilator at a rate of 25 bpm.The arterial blood gas reveals ventilator induced hyperventilation with corrected hypoxemia.The most appropriate recommendation to manage this patient on the ventilator is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sedate the patient. 
B)  Decrease the set ventilator rate. 
C)  Switch the mode to pressure-controlled synchronized mandatory ventilation (PC-SIMV). 
D)  Switch the mode to pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (PC-CMV). 
A)  Sedate the patient. 
B)  Decrease the set ventilator rate. 
C)  Switch the mode to pressure-controlled synchronized mandatory ventilation (PC-SIMV). 
D)  Switch the mode to pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (PC-CMV).

Question 10

When a patient does not breathe spontaneously while in the airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)mode,the pressure-time scalar looks like that of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) 
B)  Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
C)  Pressure-Controlled Inverse Ratio Ventilation (PCIRV) 
D)  Volume-Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (VC-CMV) 
A)  Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) 
B)  Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 
C)  Pressure-Controlled Inverse Ratio Ventilation (PCIRV) 
D)  Volume-Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (VC-CMV)

Question 11

Which mode of ventilation is shown in the pressure-time scalar in the figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)with pressure support (PS) 
B)  Volume-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (VC-SIMV)with pressure support (PS) 
C)  Pressure-Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (PC-CMV) 
D)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
A)  Pressure-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)with pressure support (PS) 
B)  Volume-Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (VC-SIMV)with pressure support (PS) 
C)  Pressure-Controlled Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (PC-CMV) 
D)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV)

Question 12

A 68-year-old female admitted for congestive heart failure is in respiratory distress and is being seen by the hospital's medical emergency team in her regular room.The patient is in obvious respiratory distress and is immediately placed on a nonrebreathing mask.Physical assessment reveals: pulse 138 and thready;respiratory rate 30,shallow and labored;temperature 37° C;blood pressure 110/68.Breath sounds are bilaterally decreased with coarse crackles on inspiration.EKG shows normal sinus rhythm with widened cardiac output (QT)interval and an occasional irregular beat.No coughing is noted.The arterial blood gas on the nonrebreathing mask is: pH 7.34;PCO2 46 mm Hg;partial pressure of oxygen in the arteries (PO2)is 52 mm Hg;oxygen saturation is 86%;bicarbonate (HCO3-)is 24 mEq/L.The patient is diaphoretic.The most appropriate ventilator mode to manage this patient initially is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) 
B)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
C)  Volume Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (VC-SIMV) 
D)  Pressure Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV) 
A)  Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) 
B)  Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) 
C)  Volume Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (VC-SIMV) 
D)  Pressure Controlled Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (PC-SIMV)

The pressure-time scalar shown in the figure represents which of the following?

The ventilator mode that allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between operator selected time-triggered volume or pressure-targeted breaths is which of the following?

If flow or sensitivity is set incorrectly,which of the following is most likely to occur during the continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV)mode?

Full ventilatory support is provided by which of the following modes?

A dual control mode provides pressure-limited ventilation with volume delivery targeted for every breath.If the desired volume is not met the ventilator will volume cycle.This describes which of the following ventilator modes?

A patient has recently been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea.The most appropriate treatment includes which of the following?

Which of the following is the minimum ventilator rate that is considered full ventilatory support?

When a patient does not breathe spontaneously while in the airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)mode,the pressure-time scalar looks like that of which of the following?

Which mode of ventilation is shown in the pressure-time scalar in the figure?

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

How a Breath Is Delivered

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Assessment of Respiratory Function

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of Ards

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives,Analgesics,and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Discontinuation and Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Long Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Filters

Exam 5: Selecting the Ventilator and the Mode

The pressure-time scalar shown in the figure represents which of the following?

The ventilator mode that allows the patient to breathe spontaneously between operator selected time-triggered volume or pressure-targeted breaths is which of the following?

If flow or sensitivity is set incorrectly,which of the following is most likely to occur during the continuous mandatory ventilation (CMV)mode?

Full ventilatory support is provided by which of the following modes?

A dual control mode provides pressure-limited ventilation with volume delivery targeted for every breath.If the desired volume is not met the ventilator will volume cycle.This describes which of the following ventilator modes?

A patient has recently been diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea.The most appropriate treatment includes which of the following?

Which of the following is the minimum ventilator rate that is considered full ventilatory support?

When a patient does not breathe spontaneously while in the airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)mode,the pressure-time scalar looks like that of which of the following?

Which mode of ventilation is shown in the pressure-time scalar in the figure?

Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

How Ventilators Work

How a Breath Is Delivered

Establishing the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

Initial Ventilator Settings

Final Considerations in Ventilator Setup

Initial Patient Assessment

Ventilator Graphics

Assessment of Respiratory Function

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Methods to Improve Ventilation in Patient-Ventilator Management

Improving Oxygenation and Management of Ards

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Sedatives,Analgesics,and Paralytics

Extrapulmonary Effects of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation on the Pulmonary System

Troubleshooting and Problem Solving

Basic Concepts of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Discontinuation and Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Long Term Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Ventilation

Special Techniques in Ventilatory Support

Filters