Exam 1: Introduction to Criminology

What is a judicial waiver?

According to several criminologists,we should shift focus from explaining criminal behavior to explaining criminal law.Do you believe this to be true? Why or why not?

Almost all federal agencies have some police power,with the exception of the Postal Service and the Forest Service.

Give one (1)example of a specific condition that could be imposed upon an individual on probation.

Every court,not including the U.S.Supreme Court,is limited in terms of jurisdiction.

Give an example of a deviant act that is not illegal.

______ is a relatively new area of criminology.

______________ are also designated as appeals courts.They are limited in their jurisdiction decisions on matters of appeal from lower courts and trial courts. 

What are the two (2)models of state police departments?

______ are also designated as lower courts and they do not have power that extends to the overall administration of justice;thus,they do not try felony cases and do not have appellate authority. 

Explain the difference between consensus and conflict perspectives and how they relate to the formation of laws.How would each of these perspectives view the formation of a new law,such as a "no texting while driving" law?

While most mala in se activities are also considered highly deviant,this is not necessarily the case for mala prohibita acts.

The federal court system is a three-tiered model including all of the following EXCEPT:

Crimes that are considered "an act inherently and essentially evil,that is immoral in its nature and injurious in its consequence,without any regard to the fact of its being noticed or punished by the law of the state" are called ______.

Crimes that are considered "an act which is not inherently immoral,but becomes so because its commission is expressly forbidden by positive law" are called ______.

Prostitution is illegal in most jurisdictions in the United States.However,prostitution is legal,and licensed,in most counties of Nevada.This would be considered ______.

Joanne Belknap states she prefers to use the term crime processing,criminal processing,and criminal legal system,given that "the processing of victims and offenders [is] anything but 'just.'"

Give one (1)example of a general condition that could be imposed upon an individual on probation.

Why is defining crime a difficult task? Give your definition of crime,and give two (2)examples to illustrate your definition.

In 2002,President George W.Bush created the ______ in an effort to protect and defend the United States from terrorist threats.