Question 1

Which body fluid compartment contains high levels of K+,large anions,and proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma only 
B)  interstitial fluid only 
C)  intracellular fluid only 
D)  both plasma and intracellular fluid 
E)  both plasma and interstitial fluid 
A)  plasma only 
B)  interstitial fluid only 
C)  intracellular fluid only 
D)  both plasma and intracellular fluid 
E)  both plasma and interstitial fluid C

Question 2

Match the terms to changes presented,assuming a resting membrane potential of -70 mV.Answers may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
-to -70 mV from -50 mV

Accepted Answer

A) electrical polarization 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers 
A) electrical polarization 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers D

Question 3

Fick's law of diffusion states that the rate of diffusion across a membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  proportional to surface area and membrane thickness, but inversely proportional to concentration gradient. 
B)  proportional to concentration gradient, surface area, and membrane permeability. 
C)  proportional to membrane permeability, but inversely proportional to concentration gradient and surface area. 
D)  proportional to membrane thickness and surface area. 
A)  proportional to surface area and membrane thickness, but inversely proportional to concentration gradient. 
B)  proportional to concentration gradient, surface area, and membrane permeability. 
C)  proportional to membrane permeability, but inversely proportional to concentration gradient and surface area. 
D)  proportional to membrane thickness and surface area. B

Question 4

Describe the three major roles of structural proteins.

Accepted Answer

1.connect membrane to the cytoskeleton t

Question 5

The cell membrane acts as a good

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical insulator. 
B)  electrical conductor. 
C)  electrical gradient. 
D)  source of ions. 
A)  electrical insulator. 
B)  electrical conductor. 
C)  electrical gradient. 
D)  source of ions.

Question 6

How do most polar molecules move through a cell membrane? Explain why water,a polar molecule,is able to cross the nonpolar portion of a cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

Most polar molecules must be assisted by

Question 7

Compared to the outside surface,the inside of a resting cell membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  positively charged. 
B)  negatively charged. 
C)  electrically neutral. 
D)  continuously reversing its electrical charge. 
E)  positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active. 
A)  positively charged. 
B)  negatively charged. 
C)  electrically neutral. 
D)  continuously reversing its electrical charge. 
E)  positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active.

Question 8

What is the approximate concentration of solute present in alien blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Equivalent osmolalit

Question 9

When you eat a large meal and your body absorbs a lot of glucose and that makes its way to the interstitial fluid before going into the cell.100% of the glucose should be absorbed into the cell from the interstitial fluid.Why does nearly all of the glucose enter the cell,rather than only half of it?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is moved by active transport. 
B)  It is modified by the cell, so there is still more glucose on the outside of the cell than inside it. 
C)  Insulin forces glucose into the cell against a concentration gradient. 
D)  The cells make ATP so fast, they use up all the glucose as soon as it enters the cell. 
A)  It is moved by active transport. 
B)  It is modified by the cell, so there is still more glucose on the outside of the cell than inside it. 
C)  Insulin forces glucose into the cell against a concentration gradient. 
D)  The cells make ATP so fast, they use up all the glucose as soon as it enters the cell.

Question 10

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all.
-Na+ enters the cell

Accepted Answer

A) resting membrane potential 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers 
A) resting membrane potential 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers

Question 11

In an epithelium,the apical membrane is also known as the ________ membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  basolateral 
B)  mucosal 
C)  serosal 
D)  basement 
E)  nictitating 
A)  basolateral 
B)  mucosal 
C)  serosal 
D)  basement 
E)  nictitating

Question 12

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all.
-membrane potential is 0 mV

Accepted Answer

A) resting membrane potential 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers 
A) resting membrane potential 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the resting membrane potential is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is normally equal to zero volts. 
B)  The inside of the membrane is positively charged compared to the outside. 
C)  It results, in part, from the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+. 
D)  It is due in part to the presence of extracellular proteins. 
A)  It is normally equal to zero volts. 
B)  The inside of the membrane is positively charged compared to the outside. 
C)  It results, in part, from the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+. 
D)  It is due in part to the presence of extracellular proteins.

Question 14

The membrane proteins that bind to a ligand and act in the body's chemical signaling system are ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The membrane proteins that bind to a...

Question 15

There are two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane.Solution a is 0.3 M glucose,and solution b is 0.15 M NaCl.Will there be a net flow of water across this membrane? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

In osmoles,solution a is 0.3 O

Question 16

Distinguish between these statements,explaining what is correct or incorrect about each,and what requires clarification.Relate your answers to the energy hill concept from the previous chapter.
A.Passive transport requires energy.
B.Active transport requires energy.
C.Vesicular transport requires energy.

Accepted Answer

All forms of transport require energy,be

Question 17

How are molarity and osmolarity different? What property of salts necessitates this distinction? How does this property affect the behavior of water?

Accepted Answer

Molarity is the number of molecules per

Question 18

Provide the basic physics definition of the term fluid.What is bulk flow relative to body compartments? What types of matter move by bulk flow? What is fundamentally different in the behavior of these types of matter?

Accepted Answer

A fluid is a substance that fl

Question 19

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all.
-K+ leaves the cell

Accepted Answer

A) resting membrane potential 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers 
A) resting membrane potential 
B) hyperpolarization 
C) depolarization 
D) repolarization 
E) more than one of the answers

Question 20

Briefly explain the difference between open channels and gated channels.

Accepted Answer

This is discussed in

Exam 5: Membrane Dynamics

Which body fluid compartment contains high levels of K+,large anions,and proteins?

Match the terms to changes presented,assuming a resting membrane potential of -70 mV.Answers may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -to -70 mV from -50 mV

Fick's law of diffusion states that the rate of diffusion across a membrane is

Describe the three major roles of structural proteins.

The cell membrane acts as a good

How do most polar molecules move through a cell membrane? Explain why water,a polar molecule,is able to cross the nonpolar portion of a cell membrane.

Compared to the outside surface,the inside of a resting cell membrane is

What is the approximate concentration of solute present in alien blood cells?

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all. -Na+ enters the cell

In an epithelium,the apical membrane is also known as the ________ membrane.

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all. -membrane potential is 0 mV

Which of the following statements about the resting membrane potential is TRUE?

The membrane proteins that bind to a ligand and act in the body's chemical signaling system are ________.

There are two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane.Solution a is 0.3 M glucose,and solution b is 0.15 M NaCl.Will there be a net flow of water across this membrane? Why or why not?

How are molarity and osmolarity different? What property of salts necessitates this distinction? How does this property affect the behavior of water?

Provide the basic physics definition of the term fluid.What is bulk flow relative to body compartments? What types of matter move by bulk flow? What is fundamentally different in the behavior of these types of matter?

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all. -K+ leaves the cell

Briefly explain the difference between open channels and gated channels.

Introduction to Physiology

Molecular Interactions

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

Filters

Which body fluid compartment contains high levels of K⁺,large anions,and proteins?

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all. -Na⁺ enters the cell

Match the potential or potential change with the causative circumstances.Assume ion movements are net movements.Answers may be used more than once or not at all. -K⁺ leaves the cell