Question 1

The formation of a new species

Accepted Answer

A)  can occur slowly or rapidly. 
B)  takes at least 1 million years. 
C)  is evolutionarily insignificant. 
D)  never happens. 
A)  can occur slowly or rapidly. 
B)  takes at least 1 million years. 
C)  is evolutionarily insignificant. 
D)  never happens.

Question 2

Gene flow prevents two populations from becoming genetically different.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Why have the two plant populations depicted in the following diagram become so different in the time they were separated by the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  A small group of individuals carrying only the tall allele established a new population on the right side of the ocean. 
B)  The amount of gene flow between the two populations increased when the ocean separated the plants,so mutations moved from one population to another. 
C)  When sea levels rose,it killed all of the plants on the right side of the figure.A new species evolved from another plant species already existing in the mountains on the right. 
D)  The separated populations adapted to the different environments on each side of the ocean and became reproductively isolated. 
A)  A small group of individuals carrying only the tall allele established a new population on the right side of the ocean. 
B)  The amount of gene flow between the two populations increased when the ocean separated the plants,so mutations moved from one population to another. 
C)  When sea levels rose,it killed all of the plants on the right side of the figure.A new species evolved from another plant species already existing in the mountains on the right. 
D)  The separated populations adapted to the different environments on each side of the ocean and became reproductively isolated.

Question 4

The fact that Neanderthal genes were found in the modern human genome suggests that these two species interbred at some point,creating human-Neanderthal ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that Neanderthal genes were found...

Question 5

The experiment diagrammed in the following image could lead to the reproductive isolation of fruit fly populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sympatric speciation

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs only in plants. 
B)  is impossible,because the populations of a species must be isolated from one another for speciation to occur. 
C)  is always a result of polyploidy. 
D)  occurs when a new species emerges from a population in the absence of a geographical barrier. 
A)  occurs only in plants. 
B)  is impossible,because the populations of a species must be isolated from one another for speciation to occur. 
C)  is always a result of polyploidy. 
D)  occurs when a new species emerges from a population in the absence of a geographical barrier.

Question 7

Grizzly bears,whales,mice,and humans are very different genotypically and phenotypically.However,they do share some genotypic and phenotypic traits because they

Accepted Answer

A)  independently evolved the similar traits,even though they are not related to each other. 
B)  evolved from species that radiated from a common ancestral species millions of years ago. 
C)  occupy the same ecological niche where similar traits are selected. 
D)  are not reproductively isolated from each other. 
A)  independently evolved the similar traits,even though they are not related to each other. 
B)  evolved from species that radiated from a common ancestral species millions of years ago. 
C)  occupy the same ecological niche where similar traits are selected. 
D)  are not reproductively isolated from each other.

Question 8

A ________ species may exist when an organism's range loops around a geographic barrier.Neighboring populations in the range mate,but populations on opposite sides of the barrier cannot mate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ species may exist when an...

Question 9

Two populations that are geographically isolated will always diverge into two species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Polyploidy in plants can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  prezygotic isolation. 
B)  reduced chromosome numbers. 
C)  reversed meiosis. 
D)  postzygotic isolation. 
A)  prezygotic isolation. 
B)  reduced chromosome numbers. 
C)  reversed meiosis. 
D)  postzygotic isolation.

Question 11

If organisms are categorized as a species by the morphological species concept,they will not be categorized as a species by the biological species concept.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In the following figure,two populations of one species of fruit flies were raised for several generations on different nutrients (starch and maltose).Then the members of the two populations were reintroduced and the mating frequencies of flies from the two different populations were recorded.Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  After only a few generations,these two populations have undergone speciation because they no longer mate with each other at high levels. 
B)  The two populations are in the early stages of reproductive isolation because male flies are more likely to mate with female flies that were raised on the same medium. 
C)  Fruit flies grown on starch for several generations are no longer capable of consuming maltose. 
D)  The original population of fruit flies actually consisted of two different species of fruit flies.When hybridization occurred between the two populations,only sterile offspring were produced. 
A)  After only a few generations,these two populations have undergone speciation because they no longer mate with each other at high levels. 
B)  The two populations are in the early stages of reproductive isolation because male flies are more likely to mate with female flies that were raised on the same medium. 
C)  Fruit flies grown on starch for several generations are no longer capable of consuming maltose. 
D)  The original population of fruit flies actually consisted of two different species of fruit flies.When hybridization occurred between the two populations,only sterile offspring were produced.

Question 13

Vertebrates are a group of related animals with a backbone.All vertebrates have basically the same eye structure.Therefore,the vertebrate eyes are

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous structures. 
B)  vestigial structures. 
C)  analogous structures. 
D)  convergent structures. 
A)  homologous structures. 
B)  vestigial structures. 
C)  analogous structures. 
D)  convergent structures.

Question 14

Some scientists believe that amphibians may be the victims of the next mass extinction.If this does occur,other classes of animals may adapt to the ecological niches vacated by the amphibians in a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some scientists believe that amphibians may be...

Question 15

Convergent evolution frequently occurs when two unrelated species

Accepted Answer

A)  hybridize. 
B)  occupy different ecological niches. 
C)  have a predator-prey relationship. 
D)  live in similar habitats. 
A)  hybridize. 
B)  occupy different ecological niches. 
C)  have a predator-prey relationship. 
D)  live in similar habitats.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gametes cannot join. 
B)  The zygote fails to develop. 
C)  The breeding seasons are different. 
D)  The courtship behaviors are different. 
A)  The gametes cannot join. 
B)  The zygote fails to develop. 
C)  The breeding seasons are different. 
D)  The courtship behaviors are different.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Male deer with large branching antlers are more likely to mate. 
B)  A blue lizard washes away from a population of mostly green lizards during a hurricane and ends up on an island containing no other lizards to mate with. 
C)  One population of frogs mates in the deep water of a pond and another population of frogs mates on the shore of the same pond. 
D)  One individual from a population of fruit flies from an apple orchard is blown by heavy winds into another orchard where it mates with a different population of fruit flies. 
A)  Male deer with large branching antlers are more likely to mate. 
B)  A blue lizard washes away from a population of mostly green lizards during a hurricane and ends up on an island containing no other lizards to mate with. 
C)  One population of frogs mates in the deep water of a pond and another population of frogs mates on the shore of the same pond. 
D)  One individual from a population of fruit flies from an apple orchard is blown by heavy winds into another orchard where it mates with a different population of fruit flies.

Question 18

A biological species is a group of interbreeding populations that is ________ isolated from other species of organisms living in the same region.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A biological species is a group of...

Question 19

Because alleles are only exchanged within species,each species is said to have a unique

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat. 
B)  genetic heritage. 
C)  morphology. 
D)  allele frequency. 
A)  habitat. 
B)  genetic heritage. 
C)  morphology. 
D)  allele frequency.

Question 20

In the example below,two new species are created as a result of ________ speciation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the example below,two new species are...

Exam 15: The Origin of Species

The formation of a new species

Gene flow prevents two populations from becoming genetically different.

Why have the two plant populations depicted in the following diagram become so different in the time they were separated by the ocean?

The fact that Neanderthal genes were found in the modern human genome suggests that these two species interbred at some point,creating human-Neanderthal ________.

The experiment diagrammed in the following image could lead to the reproductive isolation of fruit fly populations.

Sympatric speciation

Grizzly bears,whales,mice,and humans are very different genotypically and phenotypically.However,they do share some genotypic and phenotypic traits because they

A ________ species may exist when an organism's range loops around a geographic barrier.Neighboring populations in the range mate,but populations on opposite sides of the barrier cannot mate.

Two populations that are geographically isolated will always diverge into two species.

Polyploidy in plants can lead to

If organisms are categorized as a species by the morphological species concept,they will not be categorized as a species by the biological species concept.

Vertebrates are a group of related animals with a backbone.All vertebrates have basically the same eye structure.Therefore,the vertebrate eyes are

Some scientists believe that amphibians may be the victims of the next mass extinction.If this does occur,other classes of animals may adapt to the ecological niches vacated by the amphibians in a process called ________.

Convergent evolution frequently occurs when two unrelated species

Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic barrier?

Which of the following is an example of reproductive isolation?

A biological species is a group of interbreeding populations that is ________ isolated from other species of organisms living in the same region.

Because alleles are only exchanged within species,each species is said to have a unique

In the example below,two new species are created as a result of ________ speciation.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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