Question 1

Anthropology teaches us that the adaptive responses of humans can be more flexible than those of other species because our main adaptive means are

Accepted Answer

A)  biocultural. 
B)  ethnocentric. 
C)  chosen through free will. 
D)  sociocultural. 
E)  anthropomorphic. 
A)  biocultural. 
B)  ethnocentric. 
C)  chosen through free will. 
D)  sociocultural. 
E)  anthropomorphic.

Question 2

Worldwide,concern about environmental and technological risks is more developed in groups that are less endangered by those risks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Contemporary,applied ecological anthropologists work to plan and implement policies aimed at environmental preservation.They also advocate for people who are at risk,actually or potentially.One of the roles for today's environmental anthropologist is to assess the extent and nature of risk perception and to harness that awareness to combat environmental degradation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Today's ecological anthropology,also known as environmental anthropology,attempts not only to understand environmental problems but also to

Accepted Answer

A)  find solutions, acknowledging that ecosystems management involves multiple levels. 
B)  prescribe top-down solutions to ecological problems. 
C)  work closely with state agencies, among whom they do most of their ethnography, to promote institutional change. 
D)  contribute to development projects that sometimes, out of necessity, replace indigenous institutions with culturally alien concepts. 
E)  promote the concepts of environmental rights, even at the expense of cultural rights. 
A)  find solutions, acknowledging that ecosystems management involves multiple levels. 
B)  prescribe top-down solutions to ecological problems. 
C)  work closely with state agencies, among whom they do most of their ethnography, to promote institutional change. 
D)  contribute to development projects that sometimes, out of necessity, replace indigenous institutions with culturally alien concepts. 
E)  promote the concepts of environmental rights, even at the expense of cultural rights.

Question 5

When people are asked to give up the basis of their livelihood,they usually comply,especially if they are paid money.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which is the single greatest obstacle to slowing climate change?

Accepted Answer

A)  the growing population of the poorer nations in the world 
B)  proper climatic changes 
C)  having scientists decide on a definition of climate change 
D)  meeting energy needs, particularly in energy-hungry countries such as the United States, China, and India 
E)  a lack of data portraying the effects of climate change 
A)  the growing population of the poorer nations in the world 
B)  proper climatic changes 
C)  having scientists decide on a definition of climate change 
D)  meeting energy needs, particularly in energy-hungry countries such as the United States, China, and India 
E)  a lack of data portraying the effects of climate change

Question 7

________ describes the process of viewing an identity as established,real,and frozen,so as to hide the historical processes and politics within which that identity developed.

Accepted Answer

A)  Essentialism 
B)  Marketing 
C)  Autochthony 
D)  Patrimony 
E)  Fluidity 
A)  Essentialism 
B)  Marketing 
C)  Autochthony 
D)  Patrimony 
E)  Fluidity

Question 8

Identities are

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed by both genotype and phenotype. 
B)  never dependent on context. 
C)  not fixed; they are fluid and multiple. 
D)  fictions. 
E)  creative constructs and therefore of little real consequence. 
A)  fixed by both genotype and phenotype. 
B)  never dependent on context. 
C)  not fixed; they are fluid and multiple. 
D)  fictions. 
E)  creative constructs and therefore of little real consequence.

Question 9

What are some of the arguments for and against the interpretation of the mass media as forms of cultural imperialism?

Accepted Answer

Arguments for the interpretation of mass

Question 10

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that keeps the earth's surface warm.Without greenhouse gases-water vapor,carbon dioxide,methane,nitrous oxide,halocarbons,and ozone-life as we know it wouldn't exist.The current problem is that

Accepted Answer

A)  most scientists dispute the anthropogenic reasoning for high concentrations of greenhouse gases. 
B)  the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases has reached its highest level in 400,000 years and will continue to rise, as will global temperatures, without actions to slow it down. 
C)  scientists cannot agree on a general model of how the greenhouse effect went from being a positive to a negative and a life-threatening force. 
D)  global warming actually benefits 90 percent of the world's population, so it is difficult to mobilize the will to address the anthropogenic causes of climate change. 
E)  it is difficult to distinguish between climate change and global warming. 
A)  most scientists dispute the anthropogenic reasoning for high concentrations of greenhouse gases. 
B)  the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases has reached its highest level in 400,000 years and will continue to rise, as will global temperatures, without actions to slow it down. 
C)  scientists cannot agree on a general model of how the greenhouse effect went from being a positive to a negative and a life-threatening force. 
D)  global warming actually benefits 90 percent of the world's population, so it is difficult to mobilize the will to address the anthropogenic causes of climate change. 
E)  it is difficult to distinguish between climate change and global warming.

Question 11

Cultural meaning is

Accepted Answer

A)  imposed by a text. 
B)  locally created. 
C)  inherent in a text. 
D)  produced by a text, not from it. 
E)  determined only by the author. 
A)  imposed by a text. 
B)  locally created. 
C)  inherent in a text. 
D)  produced by a text, not from it. 
E)  determined only by the author.

Question 12

Social movements worldwide have adopted the term indigenous people as a self-identifying and political label based on past oppression but are now legitimizing it in the search for social,cultural,and political rights.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

How does acculturation differ from diffusion,or cultural borrowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can occur without firsthand contact. 
B)  It only affects one of the two groups. 
C)  It can occur when two nonindustrial societies come into contact. 
D)  It requires firsthand contact. 
E)  It affects both groups equally. 
A)  It can occur without firsthand contact. 
B)  It only affects one of the two groups. 
C)  It can occur when two nonindustrial societies come into contact. 
D)  It requires firsthand contact. 
E)  It affects both groups equally.

Question 14

Because of global climate change,arctic landscapes and ecosystems are changing rapidly and perceptibly,as the residents of Newtok,Alaska,can attest.With the land upon which they have built their homes slowly melting and sinking,they have appealed to the state and federal governments for assistance in helping them cover the costs of moving their town to a different location.Ironically,

Accepted Answer

A)  the land upon which the Alaskan state government buildings are located is also melting. 
B)  the residents of Newtok have discovered oil on their land, making their appeal for funds less convincing. 
C)  a senator from Alaska has a vacation home in Newtok, Alaska, and so is personally committed to addressing the predicament of the town. 
D)  decades ago, the U.S. government mandated that they and other Alaskan natives abandon a nomadic life based on hunting and fishing for sedentism. 
E)  the economic activity of the town of Newtok is extremely polluting and thus a big contributor to the environmental changes that have turned its residents into the first climate change refugees in the United States. 
A)  the land upon which the Alaskan state government buildings are located is also melting. 
B)  the residents of Newtok have discovered oil on their land, making their appeal for funds less convincing. 
C)  a senator from Alaska has a vacation home in Newtok, Alaska, and so is personally committed to addressing the predicament of the town. 
D)  decades ago, the U.S. government mandated that they and other Alaskan natives abandon a nomadic life based on hunting and fishing for sedentism. 
E)  the economic activity of the town of Newtok is extremely polluting and thus a big contributor to the environmental changes that have turned its residents into the first climate change refugees in the United States.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the possible consequences experienced after the "shock phase" of an encounter between indigenous societies and more powerful outsiders?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased mortality 
B)  a broad-spectrum revolution 
C)  fragmentation of kin groups 
D)  damaged social support systems 
E)  disrupted subsistence 
A)  increased mortality 
B)  a broad-spectrum revolution 
C)  fragmentation of kin groups 
D)  damaged social support systems 
E)  disrupted subsistence

Question 16

Because our planet's climate is always changing,the key question becomes,how much of global warming is caused by human activities versus natural climate variability? On this issue,most scientists agree that the causes are mainly

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary. 
B)  ecological. 
C)  anthropogenic. 
D)  moral. 
E)  indigenized. 
A)  evolutionary. 
B)  ecological. 
C)  anthropogenic. 
D)  moral. 
E)  indigenized.

Question 17

Diaspora refers to the hegemonic policy of dominators to isolate individuals who publicly resist from the rest of the population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Although acculturation can be applied to any case of cultural contact and change,the term most often has described Westernization,the positive influence of Western expansion that has spread democratic and capitalistic values to those less fortunate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

________ refers to the changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact.

Accepted Answer

A)  Acculturation 
B)  Hegemony 
C)  Enculturation 
D)  Diffusion 
E)  Colonialism 
A)  Acculturation 
B)  Hegemony 
C)  Enculturation 
D)  Diffusion 
E)  Colonialism

Question 20

Identities are not fixed; they are fluid and multiple.People seize on particular,sometimes competing,self-labels and identities,depending on context.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 24: Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Anthropology teaches us that the adaptive responses of humans can be more flexible than those of other species because our main adaptive means are

Worldwide,concern about environmental and technological risks is more developed in groups that are less endangered by those risks.

Today's ecological anthropology,also known as environmental anthropology,attempts not only to understand environmental problems but also to

When people are asked to give up the basis of their livelihood,they usually comply,especially if they are paid money.

Which is the single greatest obstacle to slowing climate change?

________ describes the process of viewing an identity as established,real,and frozen,so as to hide the historical processes and politics within which that identity developed.

Identities are

What are some of the arguments for and against the interpretation of the mass media as forms of cultural imperialism?

The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon that keeps the earth's surface warm.Without greenhouse gases-water vapor,carbon dioxide,methane,nitrous oxide,halocarbons,and ozone-life as we know it wouldn't exist.The current problem is that

Cultural meaning is

Social movements worldwide have adopted the term indigenous people as a self-identifying and political label based on past oppression but are now legitimizing it in the search for social,cultural,and political rights.

How does acculturation differ from diffusion,or cultural borrowing?

Which of the following is NOT one of the possible consequences experienced after the "shock phase" of an encounter between indigenous societies and more powerful outsiders?

Because our planet's climate is always changing,the key question becomes,how much of global warming is caused by human activities versus natural climate variability? On this issue,most scientists agree that the causes are mainly

Diaspora refers to the hegemonic policy of dominators to isolate individuals who publicly resist from the rest of the population.

Although acculturation can be applied to any case of cultural contact and change,the term most often has described Westernization,the positive influence of Western expansion that has spread democratic and capitalistic values to those less fortunate.

________ refers to the changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact.

Identities are not fixed; they are fluid and multiple.People seize on particular,sometimes competing,self-labels and identities,depending on context.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

The First Cities and States

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Filters