Question 1

Metallurgy and the wider and rapid distribution of metals evident after 5000 B.P.would not have developed without the crucial discovery of

Accepted Answer

A) copper hammering. 
B) the technique of heating copper at low temperatures. 
C) richer veins of copper. 
D) smelting. 
E) mining. 
A) copper hammering. 
B) the technique of heating copper at low temperatures. 
C) richer veins of copper. 
D) smelting. 
E) mining. D

Question 2

Chiefdoms were the precursors to tribes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Early states arose from competition among rival tribes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Archaeologists previously believed that the supremacy of any one chiefdom spurred the period of rapid social change in Mexico between 3200 and 3000 B.P.However,they now believe that the cause of this rapid change was

Accepted Answer

A) dramatic changes in climate that affected rainfall. 
B) that the quality of trade routes among chiefdoms frustrated travelers and led to riots. 
C) the intensity of competitive interaction. 
D) a massive drought that required chiefdoms to cooperate to save the population from starvation. 
E) the chiefly centers' lack of separation and autonomy. 
A) dramatic changes in climate that affected rainfall. 
B) that the quality of trade routes among chiefdoms frustrated travelers and led to riots. 
C) the intensity of competitive interaction. 
D) a massive drought that required chiefdoms to cooperate to save the population from starvation. 
E) the chiefly centers' lack of separation and autonomy.

Question 5

The first writing presumably developed to handle recordkeeping for a centralized economy.Where did this first happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  southern Mesopotamia 
B)  northern Mesopotamia 
C)  the Levant 
D)  Catalhoyuk 
E)  central Iran 
A)  southern Mesopotamia 
B)  northern Mesopotamia 
C)  the Levant 
D)  Catalhoyuk 
E)  central Iran

Question 6

What were the precursors to primary states?

Accepted Answer

A)  archaic states 
B)  tribes 
C)  chiefdoms 
D)  bands 
E)  city-states 
A)  archaic states 
B)  tribes 
C)  chiefdoms 
D)  bands 
E)  city-states

Question 7

How did the first states come to be formed? What kinds of societies evolved into states? What factors played important roles in the rise of the first states?

Accepted Answer

The formation of the first states can be

Question 8

The Natufians were the first culture to develop a state in the Indus Valley.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following events played an important role in the abandonment of the fields in Mesopotamia?

Accepted Answer

A)  external conquest 
B)  a landslide caused by heavy mountain rains 
C)  erosion 
D)  destruction of the fields by mineral salts 
E)  an earthquake 
A)  external conquest 
B)  a landslide caused by heavy mountain rains 
C)  erosion 
D)  destruction of the fields by mineral salts 
E)  an earthquake

Question 10

A key feature of Carneiro's model for the origin of states is metallurgy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the Teotihuacán state?

Accepted Answer

A)  large-scale irrigation 
B)  a mature, syllabic writing system 
C)  careful city planning 
D)  a large population 
E)  complex architecture 
A)  large-scale irrigation 
B)  a mature, syllabic writing system 
C)  careful city planning 
D)  a large population 
E)  complex architecture

Question 12

Cuneiform is the term for the early writing in what part of the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  China 
B)  Mesoamerica 
C)  Indus Valley 
D)  Mesopotamia 
E)  Andes 
A)  China 
B)  Mesoamerica 
C)  Indus Valley 
D)  Mesopotamia 
E)  Andes

Question 13

What kind of society were the Olmec?

Accepted Answer

A)  state 
B)  empire 
C)  tribe 
D)  band 
E)  chiefdom 
A)  state 
B)  empire 
C)  tribe 
D)  band 
E)  chiefdom

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Jericho is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the earliest known town. 
B) Its rise proves Carneiro's theory of state formation. 
C) The Natufians first settled it. 
D) After 9000 B.P.,the inhabitants buried their dead below their house floors. 
E) It had a large tower and a city wall. 
A) It is the earliest known town. 
B) Its rise proves Carneiro's theory of state formation. 
C) The Natufians first settled it. 
D) After 9000 B.P.,the inhabitants buried their dead below their house floors. 
E) It had a large tower and a city wall.

Question 15

The term ________ was used by V.Gordon Childe (1950)to describe the major transformation of human life and social institutions,including food production and state formation,that occurred during prehistory.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neolithic Revolution 
B)  French Revolution 
C)  Industrial Revolution 
D)  Information Revolution 
E)  Urban Revolution 
A)  Neolithic Revolution 
B)  French Revolution 
C)  Industrial Revolution 
D)  Information Revolution 
E)  Urban Revolution

Question 16

What prestige item was crafted by inhabitants of the Valley of Oaxaca and traded with other Mesoamerican chiefdoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  colossal heads 
B)  mirrors 
C)  standard weights 
D)  stoneware bangles 
E)  iron axes 
A)  colossal heads 
B)  mirrors 
C)  standard weights 
D)  stoneware bangles 
E)  iron axes

Question 17

Summarize the evidence for and against the following theories of state formation: hydraulic systems,long-distance trade routes,and population circumscription.

Accepted Answer

The evidence for and against the theorie

Question 18

Pseudoscientists often underestimate the capacity for human inventiveness in the ancient peoples they write about,assuming that creating major features were beyond their capabilities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following kinds of evidence for warfare have NOT been found by archaeologists while investigating the Maya collapse?

Accepted Answer

A)  burned buildings 
B)  terra-cotta soldiers 
C)  hieroglyphic texts 
D)  projectile points 
E)  fortifications 
A)  burned buildings 
B)  terra-cotta soldiers 
C)  hieroglyphic texts 
D)  projectile points 
E)  fortifications

Question 20

Ranked societies have hereditary inequality,but they lack stratification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: The First Cities and States

Metallurgy and the wider and rapid distribution of metals evident after 5000 B.P.would not have developed without the crucial discovery of

Chiefdoms were the precursors to tribes.

Early states arose from competition among rival tribes.

Archaeologists previously believed that the supremacy of any one chiefdom spurred the period of rapid social change in Mexico between 3200 and 3000 B.P.However,they now believe that the cause of this rapid change was

The first writing presumably developed to handle recordkeeping for a centralized economy.Where did this first happen?

What were the precursors to primary states?

How did the first states come to be formed? What kinds of societies evolved into states? What factors played important roles in the rise of the first states?

The Natufians were the first culture to develop a state in the Indus Valley.

Which of the following events played an important role in the abandonment of the fields in Mesopotamia?

A key feature of Carneiro's model for the origin of states is metallurgy.

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the Teotihuacán state?

Cuneiform is the term for the early writing in what part of the world?

What kind of society were the Olmec?

Which of the following statements about Jericho is NOT true?

The term ________ was used by V.Gordon Childe (1950)to describe the major transformation of human life and social institutions,including food production and state formation,that occurred during prehistory.

What prestige item was crafted by inhabitants of the Valley of Oaxaca and traded with other Mesoamerican chiefdoms?

Summarize the evidence for and against the following theories of state formation: hydraulic systems,long-distance trade routes,and population circumscription.

Pseudoscientists often underestimate the capacity for human inventiveness in the ancient peoples they write about,assuming that creating major features were beyond their capabilities.

Which of the following kinds of evidence for warfare have NOT been found by archaeologists while investigating the Maya collapse?

Ranked societies have hereditary inequality,but they lack stratification.

What Is Anthropology

Culture

Applying Anthropology

Doing Archaeology and Biological Anthropology

Evolution and Genetics

Human Variation and Adaptation

The Primates

Early Hominins

Archaic Homo

The Origin and Spread of Modern Humans

The First Farmers

Method and Theory in Cultural Anthropology

Language and Communication

Ethnicity and Race

Making a Living

Political Systems

Gender

Families, Kinship, and Descent

Marriage

Religion

Arts, Media, and Sports

The World System and Colonialism

Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

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