Question 1

Processes that reduce any discrepancies from the set point are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback. 
B)  positive feedback. 
C)  homeothermic. 
D)  thermostasis. 
A)  negative feedback. 
B)  positive feedback. 
C)  homeothermic. 
D)  thermostasis.

Question 2

Stomach distension is necessary to produce satiety.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What happens when blood levels of insulin are extremely low?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose leaves the blood to be stored as fat. 
B)  Appetite is low. 
C)  There is excess glucose in the blood, but it cannot enter the cells. 
D)  The brain shifts to proteins as its main source of fuel. 
A)  Glucose leaves the blood to be stored as fat. 
B)  Appetite is low. 
C)  There is excess glucose in the blood, but it cannot enter the cells. 
D)  The brain shifts to proteins as its main source of fuel.

Question 4

Humans expend most of their energy on what activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  walking, running, and other forms of locomotion 
B)  in the beating of their hearts and blood circulation 
C)  propagating action potentials in the billions of neurons in the nervous system 
D)  maintaining basal metabolism 
A)  walking, running, and other forms of locomotion 
B)  in the beating of their hearts and blood circulation 
C)  propagating action potentials in the billions of neurons in the nervous system 
D)  maintaining basal metabolism

Question 5

Aldosterone and angiotensin II together change the properties of ____, neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius.

Accepted Answer

A)  renin receptors 
B)  sodium receptors 
C)  smell receptors 
D)  taste receptors 
A)  renin receptors 
B)  sodium receptors 
C)  smell receptors 
D)  taste receptors

Question 6

In humans, a fever above ____ is life-threatening.

Accepted Answer

A)  37°C (98°F) 
B)  39°C (103°F) 
C)  41°C (109°F) 
D)  36°C (96°F) 
A)  37°C (98°F) 
B)  39°C (103°F) 
C)  41°C (109°F) 
D)  36°C (96°F)

Question 7

Poikilothermic organisms have body temperatures which:

Accepted Answer

A)  remain relatively constant no matter the change in the external environment. 
B)  are the same as the temperatures of their environments. 
C)  are nearly constant, although the brain temperature varies. 
D)  allow them to survive in very warm climates only. 
A)  remain relatively constant no matter the change in the external environment. 
B)  are the same as the temperatures of their environments. 
C)  are nearly constant, although the brain temperature varies. 
D)  allow them to survive in very warm climates only.

Question 8

The areas important for detecting osmotic pressure and the salt content of the blood include:

Accepted Answer

A)  substantia nigra. 
B)  red nucleus. 
C)  ventromedial hypothalamus. 
D)  OVLT and subfornical organ. 
A)  substantia nigra. 
B)  red nucleus. 
C)  ventromedial hypothalamus. 
D)  OVLT and subfornical organ.

Question 9

Ordinarily, which of the following is the most important mechanism for ending a meal?

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of glucose in the blood 
B)  the amount of leptin reaching the brain 
C)  the amount of insulin reaching the brain 
D)  sensations from the stomach 
A)  the amount of glucose in the blood 
B)  the amount of leptin reaching the brain 
C)  the amount of insulin reaching the brain 
D)  sensations from the stomach

Question 10

Homeostasis refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Describe the different causes and mechanisms of hypovolemic thirst.

Accepted Answer

Hypovolemic thirst is caused by low bloo

Question 12

An advantage of maintaining a constant body temperature is that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  enables an animal to stay equally active at all environmental temperatures. 
B)  enables an animal to survive on a wider variety of diets. 
C)  minimizes the energy that must be expended on basal metabolism. 
D)  enables an animal to detect changes in the temperature of the environment. 
A)  enables an animal to stay equally active at all environmental temperatures. 
B)  enables an animal to survive on a wider variety of diets. 
C)  minimizes the energy that must be expended on basal metabolism. 
D)  enables an animal to detect changes in the temperature of the environment.

Question 13

After a certain age, most mammals lose their ability to metabolize lactose because:

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of the enzyme lactase decline. 
B)  it competes with other nutrients in other food types. 
C)  eating meat is not compatible with drinking milk. 
D)  they no longer need the nutrients found in milk. 
A)  levels of the enzyme lactase decline. 
B)  it competes with other nutrients in other food types. 
C)  eating meat is not compatible with drinking milk. 
D)  they no longer need the nutrients found in milk.

Question 14

Set points for temperature and body fat:

Accepted Answer

A)  are fixed. 
B)  change with time of year only. 
C)  only change due to varying internal conditions. 
D)  change depending on many conditions. 
A)  are fixed. 
B)  change with time of year only. 
C)  only change due to varying internal conditions. 
D)  change depending on many conditions.

Question 15

If someone with extreme obesity fails to respond to other treatments an option is ____ in which part of the stomach is removed or sewed off so that food cannot enter.

Accepted Answer

A)  fen-phen 
B)  sibutramine 
C)  gastric bypass surgery 
D)  orlistat 
A)  fen-phen 
B)  sibutramine 
C)  gastric bypass surgery 
D)  orlistat

Question 16

A loss of blood will lead to what kind of thirst?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmotic 
B)  Non-homeostatic 
C)  Hypovolemic 
D)  Postprandial 
A)  Osmotic 
B)  Non-homeostatic 
C)  Hypovolemic 
D)  Postprandial

Question 17

The term ____ refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback 
B)  positive feedback 
C)  homeothermic 
D)  thermostasis 
A)  negative feedback 
B)  positive feedback 
C)  homeothermic 
D)  thermostasis

Question 18

What happens when insulin levels are high upon completing a meal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fat supplies are converted to glucose which enters the blood. 
B)  Glucose entry into the cells decreases. 
C)  Blood glucose levels increase. 
D)  The individual feels hungry again soon after the meal. 
A)  Fat supplies are converted to glucose which enters the blood. 
B)  Glucose entry into the cells decreases. 
C)  Blood glucose levels increase. 
D)  The individual feels hungry again soon after the meal.

Question 19

The ____ increases the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones that increase insulin secretion.

Accepted Answer

A)  occipital cortex 
B)  lateral hypothalamus 
C)  medial part of the hypothalamus 
D)  pineal gland 
A)  occipital cortex 
B)  lateral hypothalamus 
C)  medial part of the hypothalamus 
D)  pineal gland

Question 20

Most young mammals stop nursing, at least partly, due to the loss of what ability?

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolizing the sugar in milk 
B)  sucking sufficiently 
C)  the Babinski reflex 
D)  digesting the fat in milk 
A)  metabolizing the sugar in milk 
B)  sucking sufficiently 
C)  the Babinski reflex 
D)  digesting the fat in milk

Processes that reduce any discrepancies from the set point are known as:

Stomach distension is necessary to produce satiety.

What happens when blood levels of insulin are extremely low?

Humans expend most of their energy on what activity?

Aldosterone and angiotensin II together change the properties of ____, neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius.

In humans, a fever above ____ is life-threatening.

Poikilothermic organisms have body temperatures which:

The areas important for detecting osmotic pressure and the salt content of the blood include:

Ordinarily, which of the following is the most important mechanism for ending a meal?

Homeostasis refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

Describe the different causes and mechanisms of hypovolemic thirst.

An advantage of maintaining a constant body temperature is that it:

After a certain age, most mammals lose their ability to metabolize lactose because:

Set points for temperature and body fat:

If someone with extreme obesity fails to respond to other treatments an option is ____ in which part of the stomach is removed or sewed off so that food cannot enter.

A loss of blood will lead to what kind of thirst?

The term ____ refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

What happens when insulin levels are high upon completing a meal?

The ____ increases the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones that increase insulin secretion.

Most young mammals stop nursing, at least partly, due to the loss of what ability?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 10: Internal Regulation

Processes that reduce any discrepancies from the set point are known as:

Stomach distension is necessary to produce satiety.

What happens when blood levels of insulin are extremely low?

Humans expend most of their energy on what activity?

Aldosterone and angiotensin II together change the properties of ____, neurons in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius.

In humans, a fever above ____ is life-threatening.

Poikilothermic organisms have body temperatures which:

The areas important for detecting osmotic pressure and the salt content of the blood include:

Ordinarily, which of the following is the most important mechanism for ending a meal?

Homeostasis refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

Describe the different causes and mechanisms of hypovolemic thirst.

An advantage of maintaining a constant body temperature is that it:

After a certain age, most mammals lose their ability to metabolize lactose because:

Set points for temperature and body fat:

If someone with extreme obesity fails to respond to other treatments an option is ____ in which part of the stomach is removed or sewed off so that food cannot enter.

A loss of blood will lead to what kind of thirst?

The term ____ refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

What happens when insulin levels are high upon completing a meal?

The ____ increases the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones that increase insulin secretion.

Most young mammals stop nursing, at least partly, due to the loss of what ability?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters