Question 1

Pavlov believed that classical conditioning reflected a strengthened connection between two brain areas that were activated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement and punishment. 
B)  the response and a consequence. 
C)  the UCS and UCR. 
D)  the CS and UCS. 
A)  reinforcement and punishment. 
B)  the response and a consequence. 
C)  the UCS and UCR. 
D)  the CS and UCS.

Question 2

What should be the usual relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  The conditioned stimulus should be presented first. 
B)  The unconditioned stimulus should be presented first. 
C)  They should be presented simultaneously. 
D)  It depends on what each stimulus is. 
A)  The conditioned stimulus should be presented first. 
B)  The unconditioned stimulus should be presented first. 
C)  They should be presented simultaneously. 
D)  It depends on what each stimulus is.

Question 3

Briefly describe how LTP occurs, including how glutamate and its receptors are involved.

Accepted Answer

LTP begins with the rapid stimulation of

Question 4

Lashley trained rats on a variety of mazes, then made deep cuts in their cortexes. He found that the cuts produced:

Accepted Answer

A)  a temporary impairment. 
B)  a permanent impairment. 
C)  day-to-day fluctuations in performance. 
D)  little apparent effect. 
A)  a temporary impairment. 
B)  a permanent impairment. 
C)  day-to-day fluctuations in performance. 
D)  little apparent effect.

Question 5

If a jet of water is repeatedly squirted at the gills of an Aplysia, ____ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitization 
B)  habituation 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  classical conditioning 
A)  sensitization 
B)  habituation 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 6

Which of the following drug types is most promising for treating people with failing memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tranquilizers 
B)  Endorphins 
C)  Depressants 
D)  Stimulants 
A)  Tranquilizers 
B)  Endorphins 
C)  Depressants 
D)  Stimulants

Question 7

To replace the concept of short-term memory, A. D. Baddeley and G. J. Hitch introduced the term delayed memory to refer to the way we store information while we are working at it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A diet low in calcium could possible interfere with learning by preventing:

Accepted Answer

A)  the sodium potassium pump from working. 
B)  dendrite migration. 
C)  NMDA receptor production. 
D)  activation of CaMKII. 
A)  the sodium potassium pump from working. 
B)  dendrite migration. 
C)  NMDA receptor production. 
D)  activation of CaMKII.

Question 9

A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris search task because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  loses its motivation to find the platform. 
B)  cannot remember how to swim. 
C)  has difficulty remembering where the platform is from trial to trial. 
D)  develops a water phobia. 
A)  loses its motivation to find the platform. 
B)  cannot remember how to swim. 
C)  has difficulty remembering where the platform is from trial to trial. 
D)  develops a water phobia.

Question 10

A distinctive symptom of Korsakoff's syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

A)  tremors. 
B)  dementia. 
C)  memory loss. 
D)  confabulation. 
A)  tremors. 
B)  dementia. 
C)  memory loss. 
D)  confabulation.

Question 11

A "Hebbian" synapse is one in which:

Accepted Answer

A)  activity at that synapse strengthens the response of the postsynaptic neuron to all of its synapses. 
B)  repeated use of the synapse over a limited period of time leads to habituation. 
C)  calcium flows into the cell while magnesium flows out of the cell. 
D)  activity of the synapse, paired with an action potential in the postsynaptic cell, strengthens that synapse. 
A)  activity at that synapse strengthens the response of the postsynaptic neuron to all of its synapses. 
B)  repeated use of the synapse over a limited period of time leads to habituation. 
C)  calcium flows into the cell while magnesium flows out of the cell. 
D)  activity of the synapse, paired with an action potential in the postsynaptic cell, strengthens that synapse.

Question 12

The delayed response task requires responding to something that you saw or heard ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  in the distant past 
B)  a short while ago 
C)  right at that time 
D)  in a meaningful way 
A)  in the distant past 
B)  a short while ago 
C)  right at that time 
D)  in a meaningful way

Question 13

Which of the following is one of the reasons that Lashley failed at finding the engram?

Accepted Answer

A)  He used poor surgical methods. 
B)  Not all memories are physiologically the same. 
C)  The engram is continually changing location in the cortex. 
D)  Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet. 
A)  He used poor surgical methods. 
B)  Not all memories are physiologically the same. 
C)  The engram is continually changing location in the cortex. 
D)  Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.

Question 14

After a series of electrical shocks, a person becomes overresponsive to lights and noises. This exemplifies:

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  classical conditioning. 
A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  classical conditioning.

Question 15

In studies that paired a tone with an air puff to the cornea of rabbits, learning was found to depend on one nucleus of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  hippocampus. 
A)  cerebellum. 
B)  hypothalamus. 
C)  thalamus. 
D)  hippocampus.

Question 16

What is Korsakoff's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Korsakoff's syndrome is brain

Question 17

As with Korsakoff's patients, Alzheimer's patients have impairments in ____ memory, but are relatively unimpaired in ____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term; long-term 
B)  implicit; explicit 
C)  procedural; declarative 
D)  declarative; procedural 
A)  short-term; long-term 
B)  implicit; explicit 
C)  procedural; declarative 
D)  declarative; procedural

Question 18

Long-term potentiation produces a long-term enhancement of glutamate responses at

Accepted Answer

A)  AMPA synapses. 
B)  NMDA synapses. 
C)  both AMPA and NMDA synapses. 
D)  neither AMPA nor NMDA synapses. 
A)  AMPA synapses. 
B)  NMDA synapses. 
C)  both AMPA and NMDA synapses. 
D)  neither AMPA nor NMDA synapses.

Question 19

Donald Hebb (1949) distinguished between two types of memory that he called

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit and explicit. 
B)  declarative and procedural. 
C)  short-term and long-term. 
D)  repressed and unrepressed 
A)  implicit and explicit. 
B)  declarative and procedural. 
C)  short-term and long-term. 
D)  repressed and unrepressed

Question 20

What type of deficiency causes Korsakoff's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thiamine 
B)  Protein 
C)  Sodium 
D)  Calcium 
A)  Thiamine 
B)  Protein 
C)  Sodium 
D)  Calcium

Pavlov believed that classical conditioning reflected a strengthened connection between two brain areas that were activated by:

What should be the usual relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?

Briefly describe how LTP occurs, including how glutamate and its receptors are involved.

Lashley trained rats on a variety of mazes, then made deep cuts in their cortexes. He found that the cuts produced:

If a jet of water is repeatedly squirted at the gills of an Aplysia, ____ occurs.

Which of the following drug types is most promising for treating people with failing memory?

To replace the concept of short-term memory, A. D. Baddeley and G. J. Hitch introduced the term delayed memory to refer to the way we store information while we are working at it.

A diet low in calcium could possible interfere with learning by preventing:

A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris search task because it:

A distinctive symptom of Korsakoff's syndrome is:

A "Hebbian" synapse is one in which:

The delayed response task requires responding to something that you saw or heard ____.

Which of the following is one of the reasons that Lashley failed at finding the engram?

After a series of electrical shocks, a person becomes overresponsive to lights and noises. This exemplifies:

In studies that paired a tone with an air puff to the cornea of rabbits, learning was found to depend on one nucleus of the:

What is Korsakoff's syndrome?

As with Korsakoff's patients, Alzheimer's patients have impairments in memory, but are relatively unimpaired in memory.

Long-term potentiation produces a long-term enhancement of glutamate responses at

Donald Hebb (1949) distinguished between two types of memory that he called

What type of deficiency causes Korsakoff's syndrome?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

Exam 13: The Biology of Learning and Memory

Pavlov believed that classical conditioning reflected a strengthened connection between two brain areas that were activated by:

What should be the usual relationship between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning?

Briefly describe how LTP occurs, including how glutamate and its receptors are involved.

Lashley trained rats on a variety of mazes, then made deep cuts in their cortexes. He found that the cuts produced:

If a jet of water is repeatedly squirted at the gills of an Aplysia, ____ occurs.

Which of the following drug types is most promising for treating people with failing memory?

To replace the concept of short-term memory, A. D. Baddeley and G. J. Hitch introduced the term delayed memory to refer to the way we store information while we are working at it.

A diet low in calcium could possible interfere with learning by preventing:

A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris search task because it:

A distinctive symptom of Korsakoff's syndrome is:

A "Hebbian" synapse is one in which:

The delayed response task requires responding to something that you saw or heard ____.

Which of the following is one of the reasons that Lashley failed at finding the engram?

After a series of electrical shocks, a person becomes overresponsive to lights and noises. This exemplifies:

In studies that paired a tone with an air puff to the cornea of rabbits, learning was found to depend on one nucleus of the:

What is Korsakoff's syndrome?

As with Korsakoff's patients, Alzheimer's patients have impairments in ____ memory, but are relatively unimpaired in ____ memory.

Long-term potentiation produces a long-term enhancement of glutamate responses at

Donald Hebb (1949) distinguished between two types of memory that he called

What type of deficiency causes Korsakoff's syndrome?

The Major Issues

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy of the Nervous System

Development and Plasticity of the Brain

Vision

The Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Cognitive Functions

Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

Filters

As with Korsakoff's patients, Alzheimer's patients have impairments in memory, but are relatively unimpaired in memory.