Question 1

Ionizing radiation is more effective than nonionizing radiation in killing microbes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Antimicrobial agents can target the cell wall by

Accepted Answer

A) blocking its synthesis. 
B) digesting it. 
C) inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) blocking its synthesis. 
B) digesting it. 
C) inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 3

In lab,inoculating loops are sterilized using

Accepted Answer

A) moist heat. 
B) chemicals. 
C) incineration. 
D) filtration. 
E) ethylene oxide. 
A) moist heat. 
B) chemicals. 
C) incineration. 
D) filtration. 
E) ethylene oxide.

Question 4

Which of the following acids is not used to destroy or inhibit microbial cells in food?

Accepted Answer

A) acetic acid 
B) benzoic acid 
C) lactic acid 
D) phosphoric acid 
E) propionic acid 
A) acetic acid 
B) benzoic acid 
C) lactic acid 
D) phosphoric acid 
E) propionic acid

Question 5

_____ radiation excites atoms to a higher energy state within molecules such as DNA that then leads to the formation of pyrimidine dimers.

Accepted Answer

A) Infrared 
B) Ultraviolet 
C) Gamma 
D) Particle 
E) Ionizing 
A) Infrared 
B) Ultraviolet 
C) Gamma 
D) Particle 
E) Ionizing

Question 6

The compound that is an organic base containing chlorine and two phenolic rings,and is used increasingly for mucous membrane irrigation,obstetrical washes,hand scrubbing,and prepping surgical skin sites is

Accepted Answer

A) carbolic acid. 
B) chlorhexidine. 
C) triclosan. 
D) formalin. 
E) quarternary ammonium compounds. 
A) carbolic acid. 
B) chlorhexidine. 
C) triclosan. 
D) formalin. 
E) quarternary ammonium compounds.

Question 7

Alcohols are more effective at inactivating enveloped viruses than naked viruses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Hydrogen peroxide can be

Accepted Answer

A) sporicidal. 
B) fungicidal. 
C) bactericidal. 
D) virucidal. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) sporicidal. 
B) fungicidal. 
C) bactericidal. 
D) virucidal. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Hydrogen peroxide can be used to sterilize instruments such as endoscopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following types of control agents would be used to achieve sterility?

Accepted Answer

A) virucide 
B) bactericide 
C) germicide 
D) sporicide 
E) fungicide 
A) virucide 
B) bactericide 
C) germicide 
D) sporicide 
E) fungicide

Question 11

When a control agent targets the metabolic processes of microbial cells,active younger cells typically die more rapidly than older cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Pasteurization

Accepted Answer

A) kills all vegetative forms. 
B) reduces the number of vegetative forms. 
C) reduces the number of endospores. 
D) increases food nutrient value. 
E) None of the choices is correct. 
A) kills all vegetative forms. 
B) reduces the number of vegetative forms. 
C) reduces the number of endospores. 
D) increases food nutrient value. 
E) None of the choices is correct.

Question 13

Some microbial control agents are able to _____ cell proteins by breaking bonds that maintain the native state (three-dimensional configuration)of the proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) denature 
B) bind 
C) dissolve 
D) activate 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) denature 
B) bind 
C) dissolve 
D) activate 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format.
  As an RN in a long-term care facility, you observe precautions to control and prevent the spread of infection.
-Which concentration of alcohol is deemed most effective in alcohol-based hand cleaners?

Accepted Answer

A) 25% 
B) 10% 
C) 70% 
D) 95% 
A) 25% 
B) 10% 
C) 70% 
D) 95%

Question 15

The chemical agent that produces highly toxic and reactive free radicals is

Accepted Answer

A) cidex. 
B) cationic detergents. 
C) hydrogen peroxide. 
D) chlorhexidine. 
E) iodophors. 
A) cidex. 
B) cationic detergents. 
C) hydrogen peroxide. 
D) chlorhexidine. 
E) iodophors.

Question 16

Scrubbing or immersing the skin in chemicals to reduce the numbers of microbes on the skin is

Accepted Answer

A) disinfection. 
B) sterilization. 
C) antisepsis. 
D) sanitization. 
E) ionization. 
A) disinfection. 
B) sterilization. 
C) antisepsis. 
D) sanitization. 
E) ionization.

Question 17

Removal of moisture by dehydration is called

Accepted Answer

A) desiccation. 
B) flash freeze. 
C) lyophilization. 
D) pasteurization. 
E) sterilization. 
A) desiccation. 
B) flash freeze. 
C) lyophilization. 
D) pasteurization. 
E) sterilization.

Question 18

The method of removing vegetative life forms from living surfaces is termed

Accepted Answer

A) antisepsis. 
B) disinfection. 
C) sterilization. 
D) decontamination. 
E) fegerming. 
A) antisepsis. 
B) disinfection. 
C) sterilization. 
D) decontamination. 
E) fegerming.

Question 19

Surfactants work by

Accepted Answer

A) coating the organism,preventing interaction with its environment. 
B) blocking transport into the organism. 
C) blocking transport out from the organism. 
D) disrupting membrane integrity. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) coating the organism,preventing interaction with its environment. 
B) blocking transport into the organism. 
C) blocking transport out from the organism. 
D) disrupting membrane integrity. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

A method for sterilizing milk,called _____ treatment,uses 134$\circ$C for 1 to 2 seconds.

Accepted Answer

A) pasteurization 
B) batch pasteurization 
C) flash pasteurization 
D) ultra high temperature 
E) None of the choices is correct. 
A) pasteurization 
B) batch pasteurization 
C) flash pasteurization 
D) ultra high temperature 
E) None of the choices is correct.

Exam 9: Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Ionizing radiation is more effective than nonionizing radiation in killing microbes.

Antimicrobial agents can target the cell wall by

In lab,inoculating loops are sterilized using

Which of the following acids is not used to destroy or inhibit microbial cells in food?

_____ radiation excites atoms to a higher energy state within molecules such as DNA that then leads to the formation of pyrimidine dimers.

The compound that is an organic base containing chlorine and two phenolic rings,and is used increasingly for mucous membrane irrigation,obstetrical washes,hand scrubbing,and prepping surgical skin sites is

Alcohols are more effective at inactivating enveloped viruses than naked viruses.

Hydrogen peroxide can be

Hydrogen peroxide can be used to sterilize instruments such as endoscopes.

Which of the following types of control agents would be used to achieve sterility?

When a control agent targets the metabolic processes of microbial cells,active younger cells typically die more rapidly than older cells.

Pasteurization

Some microbial control agents are able to _____ cell proteins by breaking bonds that maintain the native state (three-dimensional configuration)of the proteins.

The chemical agent that produces highly toxic and reactive free radicals is

Scrubbing or immersing the skin in chemicals to reduce the numbers of microbes on the skin is

Removal of moisture by dehydration is called

The method of removing vegetative life forms from living surfaces is termed

Surfactants work by

A method for sterilizing milk,called _____ treatment,uses 134 ∘\circ∘ C for 1 to 2 seconds.

Introduction to Microbes and Their Building Blocks

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing and Microscopic Analysis

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Viral Structure and Life Cycles

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

Antimicrobial Treatment

Interactions Between Microbes and Humans

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

One Health: The Interconnected Health of the Environment, humans, and Other Animals

Filters

A method for sterilizing milk,called _____ treatment,uses 134^$\circ$C for 1 to 2 seconds.