Exam 7: Memory

Correct Answer:

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The answer should contain the following points:
Objects.Objects are represented by mental images.Mental images are not only visual;they can be produced by any of our sensory systems.A familiar example might be the experience of "hearing" a song in one's head.Images retain many of the properties of the objects they represent;in addition,we can often perform the same operations on images that we can on the real objects they represent.For example,it takes longer to scan an image of a large object than it does to scan an image of a small object,just as it takes longer to scan an actual large object than a small one.We can also rotate an object's image in our mind,just as we can rotate objects in the physical world.Mental images have been used to enhance the practice and performance of athletes and musicians.
Categories.Categories of objects,events,and people that are similar in some way are represented by concepts.Concepts enable us to respond appropriately to stimuli in the environment and to identify novel objects.Some concepts,such as geometrical shapes and kinship terms,may be represented by a unique set of properties or features (e.g. ,triangle-three sides,interior angles sum to 180 degrees).Most concepts are represented by a best or most typical example,or prototype.An apple,for example,may be the prototypical fruit.Other objects are categorized as fruits to the extent that they resemble an apple.