Question 1

Which of the following describes an interactive relationship between X,Y,and Z?

Accepted Answer

A) X causes Z,which causes Y 
B) X and Y are associated for some categories of Z but not for others 
C) X and Y are associated for all categories of Z 
D) X and Y are not associated for any categories of Z 
A) X causes Z,which causes Y 
B) X and Y are associated for some categories of Z but not for others 
C) X and Y are associated for all categories of Z 
D) X and Y are not associated for any categories of Z B

Question 2

The tables produced after controlling for a third variable are called

Accepted Answer

A) control tables. 
B) trivariate tables. 
C) elaboration tables. 
D) partial tables. 
A) control tables. 
B) trivariate tables. 
C) elaboration tables. 
D) partial tables. D

Question 3

If a researcher finds a direct relationship between X and Y after controlling for variable Z,what would be the next step in statistical analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) disregard Z and select another control variable to further test the relationship 
B) disregard Y and select a new dependent variable 
C) conduct a chi square test 
D) incorporate Z as the new independent variable 
A) disregard Z and select another control variable to further test the relationship 
B) disregard Y and select a new dependent variable 
C) conduct a chi square test 
D) incorporate Z as the new independent variable A

Question 4

Partial tables elaborate the original bivariate relationship in the sense that they display the relationship in more ____ form.

Accepted Answer

A) elegant 
B) compact 
C) detailed 
D) direct 
A) elegant 
B) compact 
C) detailed 
D) direct

Question 5

The technique of elaboration is appropriate for ____ variables which have been organized into ____.

Accepted Answer

A) interval-ratio level,bivariate tables 
B) interval-ratio level,scattergrams 
C) nominal or ordinal level,scattergrams 
D) nominal or ordinal level,bivariate tables 
A) interval-ratio level,bivariate tables 
B) interval-ratio level,scattergrams 
C) nominal or ordinal level,scattergrams 
D) nominal or ordinal level,bivariate tables

Question 6

In an investigation of the relationship between political ideology (liberal - conservative)and support for civil liberties such as free speech,a researcher calculated a bivariate gamma of 0.65.After controlling for gender,the partial gamma was 0.07.Which of the following correctly describes this outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) There seems to be a direct relationship between ideology and support for civil liberties. 
B) This relationship appears to be spurious. 
C) There is an interactive relationship between ideology and support for civil liberties. 
D) Women are much more supportive of civil liberties than men. 
A) There seems to be a direct relationship between ideology and support for civil liberties. 
B) This relationship appears to be spurious. 
C) There is an interactive relationship between ideology and support for civil liberties. 
D) Women are much more supportive of civil liberties than men.

Question 7

If a researcher finds a spurious relationship between variables X and Y after controlling for Z,what would be the next step in the statistical analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) disregard Z and select a new control variable 
B) incorporate Z into the analysis 
C) disregard Y and select a new dependent variable 
D) incorporate Z into the analysis as the new dependent variable 
A) disregard Z and select a new control variable 
B) incorporate Z into the analysis 
C) disregard Y and select a new dependent variable 
D) incorporate Z into the analysis as the new dependent variable

Question 8

The three variables involved in the elaboration of bivariate tables are

Accepted Answer

A) independent,control,continuous. 
B) nominal,ordinal,interval-ratio. 
C) first dependent,second dependent,independent. 
D) independent,dependent,control. 
A) independent,control,continuous. 
B) nominal,ordinal,interval-ratio. 
C) first dependent,second dependent,independent. 
D) independent,dependent,control.

Question 9

If we investigate a bivariate relationship by controlling for gender,which of the following would be consistent with a spurious relationship between X and Y?

Accepted Answer

A) the relationship between X and Y is the same for men and women 
B) the bivariate relationship between X and Y is zero for both men and women 
C) X and Y appear to be related for men but not for women 
D) there are many fewer men than women 
A) the relationship between X and Y is the same for men and women 
B) the bivariate relationship between X and Y is zero for both men and women 
C) X and Y appear to be related for men but not for women 
D) there are many fewer men than women

Question 10

The conditional distributions of Y are the same in all partial tables and the bivariate table.This pattern

Accepted Answer

A) is mathematically impossible. 
B) suggests a direct relationship between X and Y. 
C) suggest an interactive relationship between Z and Y. 
D) suggests an indirect relationship between X and Y. 
A) is mathematically impossible. 
B) suggests a direct relationship between X and Y. 
C) suggest an interactive relationship between Z and Y. 
D) suggests an indirect relationship between X and Y.

Question 11

If both the dependent and independent variables had three values and the control variable had four values,how many partial tables would be produced?

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) three 
C) four 
D) twelve 
A) two 
B) three 
C) four 
D) twelve

Question 12

A measure of association for X and Y shows that the two variables are associated at -.63.After controlling for Z,the measures for the partial tables are -.33 and -.78.This pattern of outcomes would be consistent with

Accepted Answer

A) a direct relationship between X and Y. 
B) a spurious relationship between X and Y and a direct relationship between X and Z. 
C) interaction between X,Y,and Z. 
D) an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z. 
A) a direct relationship between X and Y. 
B) a spurious relationship between X and Y and a direct relationship between X and Z. 
C) interaction between X,Y,and Z. 
D) an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z.

Question 13

With the elaboration technique,it is important to have large samples to

Accepted Answer

A) avoid having to control for a third variable. 
B) fill up the cells in the partial tables. 
C) eliminate the possibility of spurious relationships. 
D) increase the value of the measure of association. 
A) avoid having to control for a third variable. 
B) fill up the cells in the partial tables. 
C) eliminate the possibility of spurious relationships. 
D) increase the value of the measure of association.

Question 14

Which of the following describes an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z?

Accepted Answer

A) X causes Z,which causes Y 
B) X causes Z,but neither has a relationship with Y 
C) Z causes both X and Y 
D) Z causes neither X nor Y 
A) X causes Z,which causes Y 
B) X causes Z,but neither has a relationship with Y 
C) Z causes both X and Y 
D) Z causes neither X nor Y

Question 15

Which pattern of results in the partial tables would allow us to distinguish between spurious relationships and intervening relationships?

Accepted Answer

A) None,the patterns are the same. 
B) For spurious relations,the partial measures of association are stronger than the bivariate measures.The opposite is true for intervening relationships. 
C) For spurious relations,the partial measures of association are weaker than the bivariate measures.The opposite is true for intervening relationships. 
D) In spurious relationships,the partial measures are different from each other.In intervening relations,the partial measures have the same value. 
A) None,the patterns are the same. 
B) For spurious relations,the partial measures of association are stronger than the bivariate measures.The opposite is true for intervening relationships. 
C) For spurious relations,the partial measures of association are weaker than the bivariate measures.The opposite is true for intervening relationships. 
D) In spurious relationships,the partial measures are different from each other.In intervening relations,the partial measures have the same value.

Question 16

According to the analysis reported in the text,the bivariate relationship between TV viewing and social involvement was negative and weak in strength.After controlling for race,it was found that

Accepted Answer

A) black respondents had a different relationship between TV viewing and involvement than white respondents. 
B) black respondents had the same relationship between TV viewing and involvement as white respondents. 
C) the relationship between TV viewing and social involvement was much weaker in the partial tables than the bivariate table. 
D) Asian and Hispanic respondents had very different patterns of TV watching and social involvement than white and black respondents. 
A) black respondents had a different relationship between TV viewing and involvement than white respondents. 
B) black respondents had the same relationship between TV viewing and involvement as white respondents. 
C) the relationship between TV viewing and social involvement was much weaker in the partial tables than the bivariate table. 
D) Asian and Hispanic respondents had very different patterns of TV watching and social involvement than white and black respondents.

Question 17

Another term for interaction is

Accepted Answer

A) intervention. 
B) spurions. 
C) direct. 
D) specification. 
A) intervention. 
B) spurions. 
C) direct. 
D) specification.

Question 18

In multivariate analysis we investigate

Accepted Answer

A) the mutual effects of two variables on each other. 
B) what happens to the third variable when the first two are controlled. 
C) what happens when many variables are free to vary. 
D) how a specific bivariate relationship is affected by a control variable. 
A) the mutual effects of two variables on each other. 
B) what happens to the third variable when the first two are controlled. 
C) what happens when many variables are free to vary. 
D) how a specific bivariate relationship is affected by a control variable.

Question 19

If a researcher finds interaction between variable X and Y after controlling for Z,what would be the next step in the statistical analysis?

Accepted Answer

A) disregard Z and select a new control variable 
B) disregard X and select a new independent variable 
C) disregard Y and select a new dependent variable 
D) incorporate Z into the analysis 
A) disregard Z and select a new control variable 
B) disregard X and select a new independent variable 
C) disregard Y and select a new dependent variable 
D) incorporate Z into the analysis

Question 20

The gamma for a bivariate table is 0.42 and the partial gamma (Gp)is 0.40.This is consistent with

Accepted Answer

A) interaction between the variables. 
B) an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z. 
C) a direct relationship between X and Y. 
D) a spurious relationship between X and Z. 
A) interaction between the variables. 
B) an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z. 
C) a direct relationship between X and Y. 
D) a spurious relationship between X and Z.

Which of the following describes an interactive relationship between X,Y,and Z?

The tables produced after controlling for a third variable are called

If a researcher finds a direct relationship between X and Y after controlling for variable Z,what would be the next step in statistical analysis?

Partial tables elaborate the original bivariate relationship in the sense that they display the relationship in more ____ form.

The technique of elaboration is appropriate for variables which have been organized into .

If a researcher finds a spurious relationship between variables X and Y after controlling for Z,what would be the next step in the statistical analysis?

The three variables involved in the elaboration of bivariate tables are

If we investigate a bivariate relationship by controlling for gender,which of the following would be consistent with a spurious relationship between X and Y?

The conditional distributions of Y are the same in all partial tables and the bivariate table.This pattern

If both the dependent and independent variables had three values and the control variable had four values,how many partial tables would be produced?

A measure of association for X and Y shows that the two variables are associated at -.63.After controlling for Z,the measures for the partial tables are -.33 and -.78.This pattern of outcomes would be consistent with

With the elaboration technique,it is important to have large samples to

Which of the following describes an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z?

Which pattern of results in the partial tables would allow us to distinguish between spurious relationships and intervening relationships?

According to the analysis reported in the text,the bivariate relationship between TV viewing and social involvement was negative and weak in strength.After controlling for race,it was found that

Another term for interaction is

In multivariate analysis we investigate

If a researcher finds interaction between variable X and Y after controlling for Z,what would be the next step in the statistical analysis?

The gamma for a bivariate table is 0.42 and the partial gamma (G_p)is 0.40.This is consistent with

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures

Hypothesis Testing I: the One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing II: the Two-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing III: the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv: Chi Square

Bivariate Association: Introduction and Basic Concepts

Association Between Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Association Between Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Exam 16: Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Which of the following describes an interactive relationship between X,Y,and Z?

The tables produced after controlling for a third variable are called

If a researcher finds a direct relationship between X and Y after controlling for variable Z,what would be the next step in statistical analysis?

Partial tables elaborate the original bivariate relationship in the sense that they display the relationship in more ____ form.

The technique of elaboration is appropriate for ____ variables which have been organized into ____.

If a researcher finds a spurious relationship between variables X and Y after controlling for Z,what would be the next step in the statistical analysis?

The three variables involved in the elaboration of bivariate tables are

If we investigate a bivariate relationship by controlling for gender,which of the following would be consistent with a spurious relationship between X and Y?

The conditional distributions of Y are the same in all partial tables and the bivariate table.This pattern

If both the dependent and independent variables had three values and the control variable had four values,how many partial tables would be produced?

A measure of association for X and Y shows that the two variables are associated at -.63.After controlling for Z,the measures for the partial tables are -.33 and -.78.This pattern of outcomes would be consistent with

With the elaboration technique,it is important to have large samples to

Which of the following describes an intervening relationship between X,Y,and Z?

Which pattern of results in the partial tables would allow us to distinguish between spurious relationships and intervening relationships?

According to the analysis reported in the text,the bivariate relationship between TV viewing and social involvement was negative and weak in strength.After controlling for race,it was found that

Another term for interaction is

In multivariate analysis we investigate

If a researcher finds interaction between variable X and Y after controlling for Z,what would be the next step in the statistical analysis?

The gamma for a bivariate table is 0.42 and the partial gamma (Gp)is 0.40.This is consistent with

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures

Hypothesis Testing I: the One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing II: the Two-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing III: the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv: Chi Square

Bivariate Association: Introduction and Basic Concepts

Association Between Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Association Between Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

The technique of elaboration is appropriate for variables which have been organized into .

The gamma for a bivariate table is 0.42 and the partial gamma (G_p)is 0.40.This is consistent with