Question 1

When working with interval-ratio data,the optimal strategy for predicting Y while taking X into account would be to

Accepted Answer

A) use the regression line. 
B) guess randomly. 
C) ignore the slope (b). 
D) always predict the Y intercept (a). 
A) use the regression line. 
B) guess randomly. 
C) ignore the slope (b). 
D) always predict the Y intercept (a). A

Question 2

One important limitation of the study of poverty and crime reported in the text is

Accepted Answer

A) the variables were nominal. 
B) the sample was non-random. 
C) prediction is not the same thing as association. 
D) correlation is not the same thing as causation. 
A) the variables were nominal. 
B) the sample was non-random. 
C) prediction is not the same thing as association. 
D) correlation is not the same thing as causation. D

Question 3

If a line is drawn through the conditional means of Y,the line will

Accepted Answer

A) always be perfectly linear. 
B) rarely be a perfectly straight line. 
C) always be parallel to the horizontal axis. 
D) always be parallel to the vertical axis. 
A) always be perfectly linear. 
B) rarely be a perfectly straight line. 
C) always be parallel to the horizontal axis. 
D) always be parallel to the vertical axis. B

Question 4

If the slope of a regression line is 1.5,then

Accepted Answer

A) for every unit of change in X there is a change of 1.5 units in Y. 
B) for every unit of change in Y there is a change of 1.5 in X. 
C) the score of each case is 1.5 times higher on Y than on X. 
D) Y causes X. 
A) for every unit of change in X there is a change of 1.5 units in Y. 
B) for every unit of change in Y there is a change of 1.5 in X. 
C) the score of each case is 1.5 times higher on Y than on X. 
D) Y causes X.

Question 5

Scattergrams give information about the ____ of a relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) strength 
B) direction 
C) linearity 
D) all of the above 
A) strength 
B) direction 
C) linearity 
D) all of the above

Question 6

The position of the least-squares regression line is defined by two elements:

Accepted Answer

A) the X intercept and the slope of the line. 
B) the X intercept and the Y intercept. 
C) the Y intercept and the slope of the line. 
D) the intersection point of the X and Y axes and the slope of the line. 
A) the X intercept and the slope of the line. 
B) the X intercept and the Y intercept. 
C) the Y intercept and the slope of the line. 
D) the intersection point of the X and Y axes and the slope of the line.

Question 7

If a regression line is parallel to the horizontal axis of the scattergram,the slope (b)will be

Accepted Answer

A) 1.00. 
B) -1.00. 
C) 0.00. 
D) 0.45. 
A) 1.00. 
B) -1.00. 
C) 0.00. 
D) 0.45.

Question 8

The symbol Y¢ ("Y-prime")stands for

Accepted Answer

A) the 1st Y score. 
B) the highest score on Y. 
C) the value of Y when X is zero. 
D) the predicted score on Y. 
A) the 1st Y score. 
B) the highest score on Y. 
C) the value of Y when X is zero. 
D) the predicted score on Y.

Question 9

In a scattergram,the point of minimized variation for scores of Y for a given value of X (the independent variable)is

Accepted Answer

A) the sum of the conditional Y scores. 
B) the standard deviation of the conditional Y scores. 
C) the mean of the conditional Y scores. 
D) the predicted Y score. 
A) the sum of the conditional Y scores. 
B) the standard deviation of the conditional Y scores. 
C) the mean of the conditional Y scores. 
D) the predicted Y score.

Question 10

If we fail to reject the null hypothesis in a test of significance for a Pearson's r,we conclude that

Accepted Answer

A) there is a negative association between the variables. 
B) no inference can be made about the relationship of the two variables in the population. 
C) the relationship exists but its direction and strength are unknown. 
D) the variables are related in the population. 
A) there is a negative association between the variables. 
B) no inference can be made about the relationship of the two variables in the population. 
C) the relationship exists but its direction and strength are unknown. 
D) the variables are related in the population.

Question 11

In regression analysis,the symbol a stands for

Accepted Answer

A) the scores on the Y variable. 
B) the slope. 
C) the Y intercept. 
D) the X intercept. 
A) the scores on the Y variable. 
B) the slope. 
C) the Y intercept. 
D) the X intercept.

Question 12

The direction of a relationship between variables can be detected on a scattergram by considering the angle of the regression line.The relationship is

Accepted Answer

A) positive when the line slopes upward from left to right. 
B) positive when the line slopes downward from left to right. 
C) negative when the line slopes upward from left to right. 
D) negative when the line slopes downward from right to left. 
A) positive when the line slopes upward from left to right. 
B) positive when the line slopes downward from left to right. 
C) negative when the line slopes upward from left to right. 
D) negative when the line slopes downward from right to left.

Question 13

The slope (b)is an awkward measure of the strength of a relationship because

Accepted Answer

A) it varies from 0 to 1.00. 
B) it decreases in value as the relationship increases in strength. 
C) it can have a negative sign when the relationship is actually positive. 
D) its upper limit is greater than 1.00. 
A) it varies from 0 to 1.00. 
B) it decreases in value as the relationship increases in strength. 
C) it can have a negative sign when the relationship is actually positive. 
D) its upper limit is greater than 1.00.

Question 14

A study of traffic safety show a correlation of 0.57 between average speed of traffic and number of fatal accidents for a particular stretch of highway.This means that

Accepted Answer

A) speed kills. 
B) as speed increases,fatalities decrease. 
C) fatalities tend to increase as average speed increases. 
D) every 1 mile per hour increase in average speed increases the number of traffic fatalities by .57. 
A) speed kills. 
B) as speed increases,fatalities decrease. 
C) fatalities tend to increase as average speed increases. 
D) every 1 mile per hour increase in average speed increases the number of traffic fatalities by .57.

Question 15

A researcher asked a sample of dual career families about the percentage of the family budget contributed by the wife's job (Y)and the total number of children (X).Pearson's r for this relationship is -0.34.Which of the following is an appropriate interpretation of these results?

Accepted Answer

A) For every dollar contributed by the wife,the number of children increases by .34. 
B) For every additional child,the wife must work longer hours. 
C) Every additional child lowers the economic wellbeing of the family. 
D) As number of children increase,the percentage of the budget contributed by the wife decreases. 
A) For every dollar contributed by the wife,the number of children increases by .34. 
B) For every additional child,the wife must work longer hours. 
C) Every additional child lowers the economic wellbeing of the family. 
D) As number of children increase,the percentage of the budget contributed by the wife decreases.

Question 16

A researcher wants to measure the strength of the association between income (measured in dollars per year)and education (measured in number of years of formal schooling).Which of the following would be the most appropriate measure of association?

Accepted Answer

A) the slope (b) 
B) gamma 
C) chi square 
D) Pearson's r 
A) the slope (b) 
B) gamma 
C) chi square 
D) Pearson's r

Question 17

For interval-ratio level variables,the scattergram is analogous to ____ for nominal and ordinal level variables.

Accepted Answer

A) chi square 
B) percentages 
C) row marginals 
D) bivariate tables 
A) chi square 
B) percentages 
C) row marginals 
D) bivariate tables

Question 18

If the regression line showing the effect of education on income has a slope of 1000,

Accepted Answer

A) the variables are not related. 
B) every year of education increases income by 1000. 
C) every change in education increases income. 
D) the Y intercept would be 1.00. 
A) the variables are not related. 
B) every year of education increases income by 1000. 
C) every change in education increases income. 
D) the Y intercept would be 1.00.

Question 19

When working with interval-ratio data,the optimal strategy for predicting Y while ignoring X will be to use the

Accepted Answer

A) mode of the Y scores for every case. 
B) median Y score for every case. 
C) mean Y score for every case. 
D) lowest Y score for every case. 
A) mode of the Y scores for every case. 
B) median Y score for every case. 
C) mean Y score for every case. 
D) lowest Y score for every case.

Question 20

If we calculate an r of .60,the proportion of the variation of Y that is explained by X is

Accepted Answer

A) .36. 
B) .40. 
C) .60. 
D) .64. 
A) .36. 
B) .40. 
C) .60. 
D) .64.

When working with interval-ratio data,the optimal strategy for predicting Y while taking X into account would be to

One important limitation of the study of poverty and crime reported in the text is

If a line is drawn through the conditional means of Y,the line will

If the slope of a regression line is 1.5,then

Scattergrams give information about the ____ of a relationship.

The position of the least-squares regression line is defined by two elements:

If a regression line is parallel to the horizontal axis of the scattergram,the slope (b)will be

The symbol Y¢ ("Y-prime")stands for

In a scattergram,the point of minimized variation for scores of Y for a given value of X (the independent variable)is

If we fail to reject the null hypothesis in a test of significance for a Pearson's r,we conclude that

In regression analysis,the symbol a stands for

The direction of a relationship between variables can be detected on a scattergram by considering the angle of the regression line.The relationship is

The slope (b)is an awkward measure of the strength of a relationship because

A study of traffic safety show a correlation of 0.57 between average speed of traffic and number of fatal accidents for a particular stretch of highway.This means that

A researcher asked a sample of dual career families about the percentage of the family budget contributed by the wife's job (Y)and the total number of children (X).Pearson's r for this relationship is -0.34.Which of the following is an appropriate interpretation of these results?

A researcher wants to measure the strength of the association between income (measured in dollars per year)and education (measured in number of years of formal schooling).Which of the following would be the most appropriate measure of association?

For interval-ratio level variables,the scattergram is analogous to ____ for nominal and ordinal level variables.

If the regression line showing the effect of education on income has a slope of 1000,

When working with interval-ratio data,the optimal strategy for predicting Y while ignoring X will be to use the

If we calculate an r of .60,the proportion of the variation of Y that is explained by X is

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures

Hypothesis Testing I: the One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing II: the Two-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing III: the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv: Chi Square

Bivariate Association: Introduction and Basic Concepts

Association Between Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Association Between Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Exam 15: Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval-Ratio Level

When working with interval-ratio data,the optimal strategy for predicting Y while taking X into account would be to

One important limitation of the study of poverty and crime reported in the text is

If a line is drawn through the conditional means of Y,the line will

If the slope of a regression line is 1.5,then

Scattergrams give information about the ____ of a relationship.

The position of the least-squares regression line is defined by two elements:

If a regression line is parallel to the horizontal axis of the scattergram,the slope (b)will be

The symbol Y¢ ("Y-prime")stands for

In a scattergram,the point of minimized variation for scores of Y for a given value of X (the independent variable)is

If we fail to reject the null hypothesis in a test of significance for a Pearson's r,we conclude that

In regression analysis,the symbol a stands for

The direction of a relationship between variables can be detected on a scattergram by considering the angle of the regression line.The relationship is

The slope (b)is an awkward measure of the strength of a relationship because

A study of traffic safety show a correlation of 0.57 between average speed of traffic and number of fatal accidents for a particular stretch of highway.This means that

A researcher asked a sample of dual career families about the percentage of the family budget contributed by the wife's job (Y)and the total number of children (X).Pearson's r for this relationship is -0.34.Which of the following is an appropriate interpretation of these results?

A researcher wants to measure the strength of the association between income (measured in dollars per year)and education (measured in number of years of formal schooling).Which of the following would be the most appropriate measure of association?

For interval-ratio level variables,the scattergram is analogous to ____ for nominal and ordinal level variables.

If the regression line showing the effect of education on income has a slope of 1000,

When working with interval-ratio data,the optimal strategy for predicting Y while ignoring X will be to use the

If we calculate an r of .60,the proportion of the variation of Y that is explained by X is

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics: Percentages, Ratios and Rates, Tables, Charts and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Dispersion

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics: Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures

Hypothesis Testing I: the One-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing II: the Two-Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing III: the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv: Chi Square

Bivariate Association: Introduction and Basic Concepts

Association Between Variables Measured at the Nominal Level

Association Between Variables Measured at the Ordinal Level

Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters