Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

According to Rochel Gelman,_____ is especially important in explaining conservation.

By the time they enter first grade,it is estimated that children know about _____ words.

Which of the following scenarios best represents Lev Vygotsky's view of mental and behavioral development?

Shawn's mother took him to the doctor as he frequently complained of fatigue.The doctor diagnosed his condition as _____ that results from the failure to eat adequate amounts of quality meats and dark green vegetables.

Which of the following is TRUE about Head Start programs?

Identify an Italian physician-turned-educator who at the beginning of the twentieth-century crafted a revolutionary approach to young children's education.In this approach,children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities.

What are the current controversies in early childhood education?

4-year-old Michelle talks to herself frequently and especially when she is trying to solve a difficult problem.Lev Vygotsky would say that Michelle is:

Over the past week,Walter has been trying to learn to tie his shoelaces.Initially,his mother held his hands and worked his fingers through the process.Now that Walter is better at it,she only guides him verbally.Which of the following is this an example of?

The inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's perspective is known as _____.

Briefly describe what is meant by a child's theory of mind? How are false-beliefs tasks useful in assessing the theory of mind?

In short-term memory,individuals retain information for up to _____ if there is no rehearsal of the information.

What are the criticisms of the Montessori approach to early education?

In a study comparing the memory spans of preschool and elementary school children,the latter group consistently scored better.This apparent increase in memory span with age could be explained partly by how:

Juan and his little sister,Anne,are each given a large cookie.Their mother breaks Anne's cookie into four pieces to enable her to eat it easily.Juan immediately begins to cry and says that it is not fair for his sister to get so many cookies when he only has one.Juan is showing a lack of:

Which of the following should be minimized in order to improve eating behavior of children?

Which of the following can enhance a child's safety and reduce the likelihood of injury?

Which of the following is true of Lev Vygotsky's educational applications?

Tale is in a Tools of the Mind classroom.His teacher guides him to plan his own message by drawing a line to stand for each word he says.Tale then repeats the message,pointing to each line as he says the word.Finally,he writes on the lines,trying to represent each word with some letters or symbols.This process is called:

3-year-old Zelda always asks questions like "Where Daddy is going?" and "What Mommy is doing?" This indicates that she is yet to learn the auxiliary-inversion rule and also to apply the rules of: