Question 1

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  It lays too much emphasis on social interaction. 
B)  It does not employ self-corrective materials. 
C)  It lays too much emphasis on imaginative play. 
D)  It neglects children's socioemotional development. 
A)  It lays too much emphasis on social interaction. 
B)  It does not employ self-corrective materials. 
C)  It lays too much emphasis on imaginative play. 
D)  It neglects children's socioemotional development.

Question 2

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD)for solving such puzzles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sharon moving on to 10-piece puzzles 
B)  Sharon solving a 6-piece puzzles on her own 
C)  Sharon helping her 2-year-old brother with 4-piece puzzles 
D)  Sharon mastering 4-piece puzzles 
A)  Sharon moving on to 10-piece puzzles 
B)  Sharon solving a 6-piece puzzles on her own 
C)  Sharon helping her 2-year-old brother with 4-piece puzzles 
D)  Sharon mastering 4-piece puzzles

Question 3

4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky,angels are turning on their flashlights.Ethan's primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic of:

Accepted Answer

A)  symbolic function. 
B)  intuitive thought. 
C)  egocentrism. 
D)  centration. 
A)  symbolic function. 
B)  intuitive thought. 
C)  egocentrism. 
D)  centration.

Question 4

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends,they demonstrate their:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive skills. 
B)  fine harboring skills. 
C)  gross motor skills. 
D)  reflective skills. 
A)  cognitive skills. 
B)  fine harboring skills. 
C)  gross motor skills. 
D)  reflective skills.

Question 5

A young child might be heard saying "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  conservation 
C)  animism 
D)  kineticism 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  conservation 
C)  animism 
D)  kineticism

Question 6

Five-year-old Donna speaks in shorter,simpler sentences to her baby brother.She speaks in a very informal way with her friends and uses a more formal language with her father's friends.Donna is demonstrating her grasp of:

Accepted Answer

A)  pragmatics. 
B)  morphology. 
C)  syntax. 
D)  phonology. 
A)  pragmatics. 
B)  morphology. 
C)  syntax. 
D)  phonology.

Question 7

When adults are working with young children,they often provide a lot of hints,assistance,instructions,and other support to help the children succeed.As the children indicate that they can do more for themselves,the adults begin to withdraw the support.This shows the adults' involvement in the children's:

Accepted Answer

A)  zone of proximal development. 
B)  development of conservational abilities. 
C)  enhancement of intuitive reasoning. 
D)  process of centration. 
A)  zone of proximal development. 
B)  development of conservational abilities. 
C)  enhancement of intuitive reasoning. 
D)  process of centration.

Question 8

Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled children.

Accepted Answer

Zone of pr

Question 9

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is more important to improve preschool education for young children who are disadvantaged rather than funding preschool education for all 4-year-old children. 
B)  The quality of inner-city schools has often been found to be questionable. 
C)  Research has proven that the gains attributed to preschool and kindergarten education are often overstated. 
D)  Universal preschool would bring billions of dollars of cost savings because of a diminished need for remedial and justice services. 
A)  It is more important to improve preschool education for young children who are disadvantaged rather than funding preschool education for all 4-year-old children. 
B)  The quality of inner-city schools has often been found to be questionable. 
C)  Research has proven that the gains attributed to preschool and kindergarten education are often overstated. 
D)  Universal preschool would bring billions of dollars of cost savings because of a diminished need for remedial and justice services.

Question 10

Kevin is just learning to walk.He can take a few steps by himself if he uses both hands to hold on to a piece of furniture for support.He can walk into the middle of a room only if one of his parents holds his hands.Which of the following represents the lower limit of Kevin's zone of proximal development (ZPD)for walking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kevin learning to run after he has mastered walking by himself 
B)  Kevin going back to crawling when he becomes frustrated trying to walk by himself 
C)  Kevin walking alone by holding onto a piece of furniture with his hands 
D)  Kevin learning to walk by having his parents hold one of his hands 
A)  Kevin learning to run after he has mastered walking by himself 
B)  Kevin going back to crawling when he becomes frustrated trying to walk by himself 
C)  Kevin walking alone by holding onto a piece of furniture with his hands 
D)  Kevin learning to walk by having his parents hold one of his hands

Question 11

A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD)if:

Accepted Answer

A)  the toddler has mastered all the skills necessary. 
B)  parents or teachers do not interfere. 
C)  the task is too difficult for the child to accomplish on his own. 
D)  the toddler takes no help from a parent or teacher. 
A)  the toddler has mastered all the skills necessary. 
B)  parents or teachers do not interfere. 
C)  the task is too difficult for the child to accomplish on his own. 
D)  the toddler takes no help from a parent or teacher.

Question 12

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90th percentile is:

Accepted Answer

A)  obese. 
B)  overweight. 
C)  at risk of being overweight. 
D)  underweight. 
A)  obese. 
B)  overweight. 
C)  at risk of being overweight. 
D)  underweight.

Question 13

While talking to his grandmother on the phone,five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims "Oh,look at that pretty bird!" When his grandmother asks him to describe the bird,Danny says "Out there,out there! Right there,Grandma!" He finally gets frustrated and hangs up.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  animism. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  intuitive thought. 
D)  symbolic function. 
A)  animism. 
B)  egocentrism. 
C)  intuitive thought. 
D)  symbolic function.

Question 14

Who among the following 5-year-olds is most likely to be the tallest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Timothy-White boy,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and later-born 
B)  Tina-White girl,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and firstborn 
C)  Tyrone-African American boy,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and firstborn 
D)  Tucker-African American boy,rural,lower-socioeconomic-status,and later-born 
A)  Timothy-White boy,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and later-born 
B)  Tina-White girl,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and firstborn 
C)  Tyrone-African American boy,urban,middle-socioeconomic-status,and firstborn 
D)  Tucker-African American boy,rural,lower-socioeconomic-status,and later-born

Question 15

18-month-old Alan hates spinach but says "Yum!" when he sees his mother eating her favorite spinach casserole.This indicates that:

Accepted Answer

A)  he will also like spinach when he grows up. 
B)  he recognizes that someone else may have different desires from his own. 
C)  he has started to recognize false beliefs. 
D)  he has started to understand that people can have ambivalent feelings. 
A)  he will also like spinach when he grows up. 
B)  he recognizes that someone else may have different desires from his own. 
C)  he has started to recognize false beliefs. 
D)  he has started to understand that people can have ambivalent feelings.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conservation requires centration. 
B)  Centration is due to lack of conservation. 
C)  Centration is reflected in lack of conservation. 
D)  Conservation is independent of centration. 
A)  Conservation requires centration. 
B)  Centration is due to lack of conservation. 
C)  Centration is reflected in lack of conservation. 
D)  Conservation is independent of centration.

Question 17

Zone of proximal development (ZPD)is Vygotsky's term for:

Accepted Answer

A)  a young adult's cognitive development achieved through interaction with children. 
B)  the variety of work that a child can do with ease at a particular stage of cognitive development. 
C)  how the environment and a child's genetically programmed learning ability interact during a critical period. 
D)  the range of tasks difficult for a child to master alone but that can be learned with help from adults. 
A)  a young adult's cognitive development achieved through interaction with children. 
B)  the variety of work that a child can do with ease at a particular stage of cognitive development. 
C)  how the environment and a child's genetically programmed learning ability interact during a critical period. 
D)  the range of tasks difficult for a child to master alone but that can be learned with help from adults.

Question 18

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot yet perform reversible mental actions. 
B)  cannot yet form stable concepts. 
C)  are unable to reason. 
D)  cannot operate electronic devices like TVs. 
A)  cannot yet perform reversible mental actions. 
B)  cannot yet form stable concepts. 
C)  are unable to reason. 
D)  cannot operate electronic devices like TVs.

Question 19

The second substage of preoperational thought,occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age,is characterized by the use of:

Accepted Answer

A)  reversible mental actions. 
B)  egocentric views. 
C)  primitive reasoning. 
D)  symbolic thought. 
A)  reversible mental actions. 
B)  egocentric views. 
C)  primitive reasoning. 
D)  symbolic thought.

Question 20

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Accepted Answer

A)  exhibit no related outcomes in adolescence. 
B)  are less likely to consume alcohol in adolescence. 
C)  are unlikely to show any variations in brain development. 
D)  are more likely to be overweight. 
A)  exhibit no related outcomes in adolescence. 
B)  are less likely to consume alcohol in adolescence. 
C)  are unlikely to show any variations in brain development. 
D)  are more likely to be overweight.

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD)for solving such puzzles?

4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky,angels are turning on their flashlights.Ethan's primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic of:

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends,they demonstrate their:

A young child might be heard saying "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to as _____.

Five-year-old Donna speaks in shorter,simpler sentences to her baby brother.She speaks in a very informal way with her friends and uses a more formal language with her father's friends.Donna is demonstrating her grasp of:

Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled children.

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD)if:

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90^th percentile is:

While talking to his grandmother on the phone,five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims "Oh,look at that pretty bird!" When his grandmother asks him to describe the bird,Danny says "Out there,out there! Right there,Grandma!" He finally gets frustrated and hangs up.This is an example of:

Who among the following 5-year-olds is most likely to be the tallest?

18-month-old Alan hates spinach but says "Yum!" when he sees his mother eating her favorite spinach casserole.This indicates that:

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Zone of proximal development (ZPD)is Vygotsky's term for:

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

The second substage of preoperational thought,occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age,is characterized by the use of:

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infancy

Cognitive Development in Infancy

Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical Development in Late Adulthood

Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood

Death,Dying,and Grieving

Filters

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Which of the following is a criticism related to the Montessori approach?

Three-year-old Sharon can solve 4-piece jigsaw puzzles on her own but needs her parents' help to solve 6-piece jigsaw puzzles.Which of the following represents the upper limit of Sharon's zone of proximal development (ZPD)for solving such puzzles?

4-year-old Ethan reasons that every time he sees a lightning bolt in the sky,angels are turning on their flashlights.Ethan's primitive reasoning about lightning is characteristic of:

When 4- and 5-year-olds scramble over jungle gyms and race their friends,they demonstrate their:

A young child might be heard saying "That tree pushed the leaf off and it fell down." The child's belief that the tree is capable of action is referred to as _____.

Five-year-old Donna speaks in shorter,simpler sentences to her baby brother.She speaks in a very informal way with her friends and uses a more formal language with her father's friends.Donna is demonstrating her grasp of:

Identify the term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for children to master alone but that can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more-skilled children.

Which of the following was cited by Zigler and his colleagues supporting universal preschool in the United States?

A toddler is likely to learn something in the zone of proximal development (ZPD)if:

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90th percentile is:

While talking to his grandmother on the phone,five-year-old Danny suddenly exclaims "Oh,look at that pretty bird!" When his grandmother asks him to describe the bird,Danny says "Out there,out there! Right there,Grandma!" He finally gets frustrated and hangs up.This is an example of:

Who among the following 5-year-olds is most likely to be the tallest?

18-month-old Alan hates spinach but says "Yum!" when he sees his mother eating her favorite spinach casserole.This indicates that:

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Zone of proximal development (ZPD)is Vygotsky's term for:

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

The second substage of preoperational thought,occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age,is characterized by the use of:

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Prenatal Development and Birth

Physical Development in Infancy

Cognitive Development in Infancy

Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle and Late Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical Development in Late Adulthood

Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood

Death,Dying,and Grieving

Filters

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,a person with a BMI at the 90^th percentile is: