Question 1

A ______ makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet exerts a disproportionate influence on community diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) keystone species 
B) cornerstone species 
C) capstone species 
D) flagstone species 
E) None of the answers are correct. 
A) keystone species 
B) cornerstone species 
C) capstone species 
D) flagstone species 
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an important biogeochemical cycle on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP cycle 
B) water cycle 
C) carbon cycle 
D) phosphorus cycle 
E) nitrogen cycle 
A) ATP cycle 
B) water cycle 
C) carbon cycle 
D) phosphorus cycle 
E) nitrogen cycle

Question 3

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what adaptations would panic grass growing at 65$\circ$C need to employ to avoid dehydration?

Accepted Answer

A) Transpiration would increase. 
B) Uptake of water through the phloem would increase. 
C) Transport of sugars through the xylem would decrease. 
D) Their stomata would be closeD. 
E) Their flowers would open. 
A) Transpiration would increase. 
B) Uptake of water through the phloem would increase. 
C) Transport of sugars through the xylem would decrease. 
D) Their stomata would be closeD. 
E) Their flowers would open.

Question 4

The species that appear in a climax community usually are short-lived,early-maturing,r-selected species that are strong competitors in a stable environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Walleye pike fish live in deep waters and feed at night.Another species of fish,the Northern pike,live in shallower waters and feed all day.Which of the following best explains these differences?

Accepted Answer

A) predation 
B) parasitism 
C) commensalism 
D) resource partitioning 
E) mutualism 
A) predation 
B) parasitism 
C) commensalism 
D) resource partitioning 
E) mutualism

Question 6

The tilt of the Earth's axis produces distinct seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres as the Earth travels around the Sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A food chain is a series of organisms that

Accepted Answer

A) successively transfer energy,initially from the sun,to nutrition from eating others. 
B) share the same niche. 
C) exhibit mutualism with each other. 
D) share the same energy source. 
E) succeed one another as a climax community develops. 
A) successively transfer energy,initially from the sun,to nutrition from eating others. 
B) share the same niche. 
C) exhibit mutualism with each other. 
D) share the same energy source. 
E) succeed one another as a climax community develops.

Question 8

In a process called denitrification,bacteria convert ammonia to nitrites and eventually to nitrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Lichens and mosses that can grow on and erode rock would be considered pioneer species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Secondary consumers

Accepted Answer

A) are carnivores. 
B) are herbivores. 
C) are bacteria. 
D) are fungi. 
E) All answers are correct. 
A) are carnivores. 
B) are herbivores. 
C) are bacteria. 
D) are fungi. 
E) All answers are correct.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a type of symbiosis?

Accepted Answer

A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) predation 
E) None of the answers are correct. 
A) parasitism 
B) mutualism 
C) commensalism 
D) predation 
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 12

The total of all the resources,both biotic and abiotic,that a species exploits for its survival,growth,and reproduction is its

Accepted Answer

A) competitive zone. 
B) habitat. 
C) food web. 
D) niche. 
E) biospherE. 
A) competitive zone. 
B) habitat. 
C) food web. 
D) niche. 
E) biospherE.

Question 13

Water covers about ______ percent of the Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

A) 33 
B) 40 
C) 50 
D) 70 
E) 80 
A) 33 
B) 40 
C) 50 
D) 70 
E) 80

Question 14

A gradual change in a community's species composition,occurring as competing organisms respond to and modify the physical environment,is termed

Accepted Answer

A) ecological completion. 
B) ecological conversion. 
C) ecological climax. 
D) ecological magnification. 
E) ecological succession. 
A) ecological completion. 
B) ecological conversion. 
C) ecological climax. 
D) ecological magnification. 
E) ecological succession.

Question 15

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the virus

Accepted Answer

A) infected the plant. 
B) infected both the plant and fungus. 
C) infected the fungus. 
D) did not infect either the plant or fungus. 
A) infected the plant. 
B) infected both the plant and fungus. 
C) infected the fungus. 
D) did not infect either the plant or fungus.

Question 16

The total amount of energy trapped by the autotrophs of an ecosystem is called

Accepted Answer

A) net primary consumption. 
B) gross primary productivity. 
C) gross primary consumption. 
D) net primary productivity. 
E) net energy fixation. 
A) net primary consumption. 
B) gross primary productivity. 
C) gross primary consumption. 
D) net primary productivity. 
E) net energy fixation.

Question 17

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the interaction between panic grass and its endophytic fungus allows them to grow at 65$\circ$C together,but not independently.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) mutualism. 
B) commensalism. 
C) parasitism. 
D) predation. 
E) competition. 
A) mutualism. 
B) commensalism. 
C) parasitism. 
D) predation. 
E) competition.

Question 18

The term "abiotic" means "nonliving."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

On Earth,solar energy is most intense at

Accepted Answer

A) the South Pole. 
B) the North Pole. 
C) 60 degrees North latitude. 
D) the equator. 
E) 60 degrees South latitudE. 
A) the South Pole. 
B) the North Pole. 
C) 60 degrees North latitude. 
D) the equator. 
E) 60 degrees South latitudE.

Question 20

If you went diving in a freshwater lake,you would see very few rooted aquatic plants after a certain depth.What limits plant growth in deeper water?

Accepted Answer

A) cold temperatures 
B) a lack of nutrients 
C) a lack of light 
D) too many herbivores 
E) a lack of oxygen 
A) cold temperatures 
B) a lack of nutrients 
C) a lack of light 
D) too many herbivores 
E) a lack of oxygen

Exam 19: Communities and Ecosystems

A ______ makes up a small portion of the community by weight,yet exerts a disproportionate influence on community diversity.

Which of the following is NOT an important biogeochemical cycle on Earth?

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what adaptations would panic grass growing at 65 ∘\circ∘ C need to employ to avoid dehydration?

The species that appear in a climax community usually are short-lived,early-maturing,r-selected species that are strong competitors in a stable environment.

Walleye pike fish live in deep waters and feed at night.Another species of fish,the Northern pike,live in shallower waters and feed all day.Which of the following best explains these differences?

The tilt of the Earth's axis produces distinct seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres as the Earth travels around the Sun.

A food chain is a series of organisms that

In a process called denitrification,bacteria convert ammonia to nitrites and eventually to nitrates.

Lichens and mosses that can grow on and erode rock would be considered pioneer species.

Secondary consumers

Which of the following is NOT a type of symbiosis?

The total of all the resources,both biotic and abiotic,that a species exploits for its survival,growth,and reproduction is its

Water covers about ______ percent of the Earth's surface.

A gradual change in a community's species composition,occurring as competing organisms respond to and modify the physical environment,is termed

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the virus

The total amount of energy trapped by the autotrophs of an ecosystem is called

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the interaction between panic grass and its endophytic fungus allows them to grow at 65 ∘\circ∘ C together,but not independently.This is an example of

The term "abiotic" means "nonliving."

On Earth,solar energy is most intense at

If you went diving in a freshwater lake,you would see very few rooted aquatic plants after a certain depth.What limits plant growth in deeper water?

Scientific Study of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cells

The Energy of Life

Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Energy

DNA Structure and Gene Function

DNA Replication and Cell Division

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Technology

Forces of Evolutionary Change

Evidence of Evolution

Speciation and Extinction

Evolution and Diversity of Microbial Life

Evolution and Diversity of Plants

Evolution and Diversity of Animals

Population Ecology

Preserving Biodiversity

Plant Form and Function

Reproduction and Development of Flowering Plants

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Nervous System and the Senses

The Endocrine System

The Skeletal and Muscular Systems

The Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

Regulating Temperature, nutrients, and Body Fluids

The Immune System

Animal Reproduction and Development

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In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",what adaptations would panic grass growing at 65^$\circ$C need to employ to avoid dehydration?

In the section "Investigating Life: Two Kingdoms and a Virus Team Up to Beat the Heat",the interaction between panic grass and its endophytic fungus allows them to grow at 65^$\circ$C together,but not independently.This is an example of