Question 1

Preganglionic fibers run from the _________ to the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) posterior root ganglia; gray matter 
B) posterior root ganglia; autonomic ganglia 
C) gray matter; posterior root ganglia 
D) gray matter; autonomic ganglia 
E) autonomic ganglia; visceral effectors 
A) posterior root ganglia; gray matter 
B) posterior root ganglia; autonomic ganglia 
C) gray matter; posterior root ganglia 
D) gray matter; autonomic ganglia 
E) autonomic ganglia; visceral effectors

Question 2

Which of the following is not a reason that somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes?

Accepted Answer

A) The effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated. 
B) The effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons. 
C) The effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses. 
D) Some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated. 
E) The effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cord. 
A) The effector pathway in the somatic reflex arc is myelinated. 
B) The effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more neurons. 
C) The effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc involves more chemical synapses. 
D) Some of the neurons in the effector pathway in the visceral reflex arc are unmyelinated. 
E) The effector organs in the somatic reflex are closer to the spinal cord.

Question 3

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are _________ and secrete __________.

Accepted Answer

A) myelinated; norepinephrine (N
E)  
B) myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
C) myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(N
E)  
D) unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E) unmyelinated; norepinephrine(N
E)  
A) myelinated; norepinephrine (N
E)  
B) myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
C) myelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine(N
E)  
D) unmyelinated; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E) unmyelinated; norepinephrine(N
E)

Question 4

The background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity is called ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) "fight-or-flight" activity 
B) visceral motor activity 
C) autonomic reflex arc activity 
D) visceral tone 
E) autonomic tone 
A) "fight-or-flight" activity 
B) visceral motor activity 
C) autonomic reflex arc activity 
D) visceral tone 
E) autonomic tone

Question 5

The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sympathetic fibers do not release __________.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine 
B) nitric oxide (NO) 
C) substance P 
D) neuropeptide Y 
E) norepinephrine 
A) acetylcholine 
B) nitric oxide (NO) 
C) substance P 
D) neuropeptide Y 
E) norepinephrine

Question 7

Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) no 
B) one 
C) two 
D) three 
E) four 
A) no 
B) one 
C) two 
D) three 
E) four

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) It controls skeletal muscle contraction. 
B) It has no ganglia along its nerves. 
C) It uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine exclusively. 
D) Its denervation would cause hypersensitivity. 
E) It usually controls conscious actions. 
A) It controls skeletal muscle contraction. 
B) It has no ganglia along its nerves. 
C) It uses the neurotransmitter acetylcholine exclusively. 
D) Its denervation would cause hypersensitivity. 
E) It usually controls conscious actions.

Question 10

The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) adrenal gland 
B) smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta 
C) cardiac muscle in the right atrium 
D) skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis 
E) parotid salivary gland 
A) adrenal gland 
B) smooth muscle in the walls of the aorta 
C) cardiac muscle in the right atrium 
D) skeletal muscle in the rectus abdominis 
E) parotid salivary gland

Question 11

If a cell has $\alpha$1 adrenergic receptors,it is sensitive to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine (ACh) 
B) norepinephrine (N
E)  
C) adrenaline 
D) alpha adrenaline 
E) nicotine 
A) acetylcholine (ACh) 
B) norepinephrine (N
E)  
C) adrenaline 
D) alpha adrenaline 
E) nicotine

Question 12

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _________.The effect of somatic fibers on target cells is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) always excitatory; always excitatory 
B) excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory 
C) excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
D) always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
E) always inhibitory; always excitatory 
A) always excitatory; always excitatory 
B) excitatory or inhibitory; always excitatory 
C) excitatory or inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
D) always inhibitory; excitatory or inhibitory 
E) always inhibitory; always excitatory

Question 13

Which of the following is associated with the "flight-or-fight" reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Pupillary constriction 
B) Glycogen synthesis 
C) Increased gastric motility 
D) Reduced urinary output 
E) Reduced heart rate 
A) Pupillary constriction 
B) Glycogen synthesis 
C) Increased gastric motility 
D) Reduced urinary output 
E) Reduced heart rate

Question 14

Drugs that are monoamine oxidase (MAO)inhibitors would most likely __________.

Accepted Answer

A) activate the parasympathetic division and allow for normal digestive system activities 
B) block ACh receptors on skeletal muscle and cause flaccid paralysis 
C) stimulate $\beta$-2 receptors and cause an increase in heart rate and dilation of bronchioles 
D) decrease the amount of NE destroyed and may be used as an antidepressant 
E) inhibit uptake of dopamine and cause depression 
A) activate the parasympathetic division and allow for normal digestive system activities 
B) block ACh receptors on skeletal muscle and cause flaccid paralysis 
C) stimulate $\beta$-2 receptors and cause an increase in heart rate and dilation of bronchioles 
D) decrease the amount of NE destroyed and may be used as an antidepressant 
E) inhibit uptake of dopamine and cause depression

Question 15

The solar plexus is used as a name for the __________.

Accepted Answer

A) spinal nerve route 
B) carotid plexus 
C) the celiac and mesenteric ganglia 
D) splanchic nerves 
E) sympathetic nerve route 
A) spinal nerve route 
B) carotid plexus 
C) the celiac and mesenteric ganglia 
D) splanchic nerves 
E) sympathetic nerve route

Question 16

Acetylcholine (ACh)always has an excitatory effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The neurotransmitter(s)associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)__________.

Accepted Answer

A) norepinephrine (N
E)  
B) acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (N
E)  
C) acetylcholine (ACh) 
D) dopamine 
E) dopamine and norepinephrine (N
E)  
A) norepinephrine (N
E)  
B) acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (N
E)  
C) acetylcholine (ACh) 
D) dopamine 
E) dopamine and norepinephrine (N
E)

Question 18

Which of the following is not a feature of the sympathetic division of the ANS?

Accepted Answer

A) It originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord. 
B) It has long postganglionic fibers. 
C) It has long preganglionic fibers. 
D) Its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column. 
E) It has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect. 
A) It originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord. 
B) It has long postganglionic fibers. 
C) It has long preganglionic fibers. 
D) Its ganglia are adjacent to the spinal column. 
E) It has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect.

Question 19

Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving __________.

Accepted Answer

A) anger 
B) digestion 
C) exercise 
D) stress 
E) arousal 
A) anger 
B) digestion 
C) exercise 
D) stress 
E) arousal

Question 20

__________ nerve(s)pass(es)throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.

Accepted Answer

A) Facial 
B) Trigeminal 
C) Vagus 
D) Celiac 
E) Splanchnic 
A) Facial 
B) Trigeminal 
C) Vagus 
D) Celiac 
E) Splanchnic

Exam 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

Preganglionic fibers run from the _________ to the __________.

Which of the following is not a reason that somatic reflexes act faster than visceral reflexes?

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are _________ and secrete __________.

The background rate of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity is called ___________.

The autonomic effect on a target cell depends only on the neurotransmitter reaching that target cell.

Sympathetic fibers do not release __________.

Most autonomic efferent pathways involve one neuron.

The motor pathway of the autonomic nervous system usually involves __________ neurons.

Which of the following is true regarding the autonomic nervous system?

The autonomic nervous system controls all of the following except the __________.

If a cell has α\alphaα 1 adrenergic receptors,it is sensitive to __________.

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _________.The effect of somatic fibers on target cells is __________.

Which of the following is associated with the "flight-or-fight" reaction?

Drugs that are monoamine oxidase (MAO)inhibitors would most likely __________.

The solar plexus is used as a name for the __________.

Acetylcholine (ACh)always has an excitatory effect.

The neurotransmitter(s)associated with autonomic ganglia is(are)__________.

Which of the following is not a feature of the sympathetic division of the ANS?

Sympathetic nerve fibers are not associated with situations involving __________.

__________ nerve(s)pass(es)throughout sympathetic ganglia without synapsing.

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genetics of Cellular Function

Histology

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sense Organs

The Endocrine System

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

General Orientation to Human Anatomy

Filters

Preganglionic fibers run from the _ to the __.

Preganglionic fibers of the autonomic efferent pathway are _ and secrete __.

If a cell has $\alpha$ ₁ adrenergic receptors,it is sensitive to __________.

The effect of autonomic fibers on target cells is _.The effect of somatic fibers on target cells is __.