Question 1

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

All preganglionic fibers of the ANS pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia,synapsing at least once there.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

All sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with __________.

Accepted Answer

A) no neurons 
B) somatic neurons 
C) parasympathetic neurons 
D) 10-20 postganglionic neurons 
E) effectors directly 
A) no neurons 
B) somatic neurons 
C) parasympathetic neurons 
D) 10-20 postganglionic neurons 
E) effectors directly

Question 5

The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sympathetic fibers arise only from the __________ region(s)of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) cervical, thoracic, and lumbar 
B) thoracic and lumbar 
C) thoracic 
D) cervical 
E) lumbar 
A) cervical, thoracic, and lumbar 
B) thoracic and lumbar 
C) thoracic 
D) cervical 
E) lumbar

Question 7

Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root ganglia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Antagonistic effects of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are exemplified in the control of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) blood clotting 
B) blood flow to the skeletal muscles 
C) sweating 
D) hair erection 
E) gastrointestinal motility 
A) blood clotting 
B) blood flow to the skeletal muscles 
C) sweating 
D) hair erection 
E) gastrointestinal motility

Question 9

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

All autonomic output originates in the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in the periphery.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

Accepted Answer

A) Its effects are local. 
B) The terminal ganglia are very close to or within their target organs. 
C) It originates in the craniosacral regions of the CNS. 
D) It has short preganglionic fibers. 
E) It has short postganglionic fibers. 
A) Its effects are local. 
B) The terminal ganglia are very close to or within their target organs. 
C) It originates in the craniosacral regions of the CNS. 
D) It has short preganglionic fibers. 
E) It has short postganglionic fibers.

Question 13

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

Accepted Answer

A) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
B) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
C) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
D) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ gland 
E) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
A) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
B) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
C) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland 
D) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ gland 
E) Sensory receptor $\rarr$ interneuron $\rarr$ efferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ afferent nerve fiber $\rarr$ gland

Question 14

Binding of norepinephrine (NE)to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory,and binding to a beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The sympathetic chain of ganglia is found at the __________ levels of the spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) cervical and thoracic 
B) thoracic and lumbar 
C) thoracic, lumbar and sacral 
D) sacral, lumbar and coccygeal 
E) cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal 
A) cervical and thoracic 
B) thoracic and lumbar 
C) thoracic, lumbar and sacral 
D) sacral, lumbar and coccygeal 
E) cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal

Question 16

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ___________ neuron,and releases the neurotransmitter ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
B) postganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
C) preganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
D) postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E) somatic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
A) preganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
B) postganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
C) preganglionic; norepinephrine (N
E)  
D) postganglionic; acetylcholine (ACh) 
E) somatic; norepinephrine (N
E)

Question 17

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except __________.

Accepted Answer

A) changing the diameter of the pupil 
B) adjusting heart rate and force 
C) altering salivary mucus secretion 
D) regulating gastrointestinal motility 
E) maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck 
A) changing the diameter of the pupil 
B) adjusting heart rate and force 
C) altering salivary mucus secretion 
D) regulating gastrointestinal motility 
E) maintaining tonicity of the muscles of the neck

Question 18

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) norepinephrine (noradrenaline) 
B) dopamine 
C) endorphins 
D) acetylcholine (ACh) 
E) epinephrine (adrenaline) 
A) norepinephrine (noradrenaline) 
B) dopamine 
C) endorphins 
D) acetylcholine (ACh) 
E) epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 19

Sympathetic effects tend to last __________ than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that __________.

Accepted Answer

A) shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down 
B) longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down 
C) about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters 
D) shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (ACh
E)  
E) longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO) 
A) shorter; acetylcholine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down 
B) longer; norepinephrine can diffuse into the bloodstream without being broken down 
C) about the same; the two divisions use the same neurotransmitters 
D) shorter; acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase (ACh
E)  
E) longer; acetylcholine is broken down by monoamine oxidase (MAO)

Question 20

Acetylcholine (ACh)binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Reflexes

The autonomic nervous system carries out many somatic reflexes that are crucial to homeostasis.

All preganglionic fibers of the ANS pass through the sympathetic chain of ganglia,synapsing at least once there.

All sympathetic postganglionic adrenergic fibers secrete adrenaline.

Most preganglionic fibers in the sympathetic nervous system synapse with __________.

The parasympathetic division stimulates digestion.

Sympathetic fibers arise only from the __________ region(s)of the spinal cord.

Most preganglionic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers in the dorsal root ganglia.

Antagonistic effects of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are exemplified in the control of __________.

Fibers of the vagus nerve end very near or within their target organs.

All autonomic output originates in the central nervous system.

The autonomic nervous system is composed of ganglia in the central nervous system and ganglia in the periphery.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the parasympathetic division of the ANS?

Which one of the following best describes the order of a visceral reflex?

Binding of norepinephrine (NE)to an alpha-adrenergic receptor is usually excitatory,and binding to a beta-adrenergic receptor is usually inhibitory.

The sympathetic chain of ganglia is found at the __________ levels of the spinal cord.

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a ___________ neuron,and releases the neurotransmitter ___________.

Autonomic nervous system fibers are involved in all of the following except __________.

The adrenal medulla secretes mostly ___________.

Sympathetic effects tend to last __________ than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that __________.

Acetylcholine (ACh)binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.

Major Themes of Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemistry of Life

Cellular Form and Function

Genetics of Cellular Function

Histology

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Muscular Tissue

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Somatic Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sense Organs

The Endocrine System

The Circulatory System: Blood

The Circulatory System: Heart

The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic and Immune Systems

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Water,Electrolyte,and Acid-Base Balance

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

Human Development and Aging

General Orientation to Human Anatomy

Filters

A neuron that synapses in the adrenal medulla is a _ neuron,and releases the neurotransmitter _.

Sympathetic effects tend to last than parasympathetic effects.One reason is that .