Question 1

Which of the following would be considered a parasitic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host which can cause problems for the host especially if (s)he is undernourished. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host which can cause problems for the host especially if (s)he is undernourished. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. D

Question 2

A chemoautotroph obtains its energy from all of the following EXCEPT __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia 
B)  oxygen 
C)  sulfides 
D)  nitrites 
A)  ammonia 
B)  oxygen 
C)  sulfides 
D)  nitrites B

Question 3

When too many nutrients are added to of a body of water, this is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  A biogeochemical cycle 
B)  reservoirs 
C)  eutrophication 
D)  global warming 
E)  nitrogen fixing 
A)  A biogeochemical cycle 
B)  reservoirs 
C)  eutrophication 
D)  global warming 
E)  nitrogen fixing C

Question 4

Figure:  
-Based on the figure shown here, which organism is NOT a primary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A)  rabbit 
B)  deer 
C)  mice 
D)  chipmunk 
E)  fisher 
A)  rabbit 
B)  deer 
C)  mice 
D)  chipmunk 
E)  fisher

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A)  zebras and the lions that prey on them 
B)  a coral reef together with all the fishes and invertebrates living in and around it 
C)  flowering plants and all the insects and birds that pollinate them 
D)  male prairie chickens competing for access to mates 
E)  rabbits eating carrots 
A)  zebras and the lions that prey on them 
B)  a coral reef together with all the fishes and invertebrates living in and around it 
C)  flowering plants and all the insects and birds that pollinate them 
D)  male prairie chickens competing for access to mates 
E)  rabbits eating carrots

Question 6

Which of the following is an autotroph?

Accepted Answer

A)  rose bush 
B)  lion 
C)  decomposer 
D)  omnivore 
E)  hyena 
A)  rose bush 
B)  lion 
C)  decomposer 
D)  omnivore 
E)  hyena

Question 7

In aquatic ecosystems primary productivity is most dependent on

Accepted Answer

A)  organic nutrients. 
B)  species richness and diversity. 
C)  the type of soil. 
D)  the rate of photosynthesis. 
E)  inorganic nutrients. 
A)  organic nutrients. 
B)  species richness and diversity. 
C)  the type of soil. 
D)  the rate of photosynthesis. 
E)  inorganic nutrients.

Question 8

The aquatic ecosystem with the least amount of inorganic matter is ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  estuaries 
B)  coral reefs 
C)  open oceans 
D)  lakes 
E)  swamps 
A)  estuaries 
B)  coral reefs 
C)  open oceans 
D)  lakes 
E)  swamps

Question 9

A keystone species is

Accepted Answer

A)  the largest species in a community. 
B)  the most numerous species in a community. 
C)  the least numerous species in a community. 
D)  a species on which many other species depend. 
E)  the species that occupies most of the niches within a particular environment. 
A)  the largest species in a community. 
B)  the most numerous species in a community. 
C)  the least numerous species in a community. 
D)  a species on which many other species depend. 
E)  the species that occupies most of the niches within a particular environment.

Question 10

All of the following are true about both primary and secondary succession EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  both lead to a stable climax community. 
B)  both include a progression of changes in the community over time. 
C)  both occur in regions where soil is already present. 
D)  for both communities, fungi and vascular seedless plants are typically the first species to colonize the area. 
E)  both are colonized first by opportunistic species. 
A)  both lead to a stable climax community. 
B)  both include a progression of changes in the community over time. 
C)  both occur in regions where soil is already present. 
D)  for both communities, fungi and vascular seedless plants are typically the first species to colonize the area. 
E)  both are colonized first by opportunistic species.

Question 11

On average, 90% of biomass is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Among American warblers, several different species often live in the same spruce trees and eat caterpillars. However, each species reproduces at a slightly different time of year and each species also forage at different areas within the tree canopy. These differences in foraging behaviors and reproduction is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive exclusion. 
B)  character displacement. 
C)  resource partitioning. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  competitive inclusion. 
A)  competitive exclusion. 
B)  character displacement. 
C)  resource partitioning. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  competitive inclusion.

Question 13

In an aquatic ecosystem, the aquatic plants are eaten by small invertebrates that in turn are eaten by crayfish, the crayfish are eaten by fish, and the fish are eaten by ducks. Based on this, which of the following is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  aquatic plant - producer 
B)  crayfish - secondary consumer 
C)  duck - 4th trophic level 
D)  fish - tertiary consumer 
E)  small invertebrates - 2nd trophic level 
A)  aquatic plant - producer 
B)  crayfish - secondary consumer 
C)  duck - 4th trophic level 
D)  fish - tertiary consumer 
E)  small invertebrates - 2nd trophic level

Question 14

What is the main reason that the tundra does not have large plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The seeds of large plants were never dispersed into these regions. 
B)  The amount of sunlight is not great enough for large plants to survive. 
C)  The amount of rainfall is not enough for large plants to survive. 
D)  The other species of plants have out competed them for resources. 
E)  The permafrost persists, even during the summer. 
A)  The seeds of large plants were never dispersed into these regions. 
B)  The amount of sunlight is not great enough for large plants to survive. 
C)  The amount of rainfall is not enough for large plants to survive. 
D)  The other species of plants have out competed them for resources. 
E)  The permafrost persists, even during the summer.

Question 15

To increase her tomato yield, an organic gardener plants legumes alongside her tomato bushes rather than using fertilizers. Why did she plant legumes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Legumes have root nodules with nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
B)  Legumes convert ammonium to nitrates. 
C)  Root nodules on legumes have denitrifying bacteria. 
D)  Legumes are an immediate source of phosphorus and nitrogen. 
E)  Root nodules on legumes produce nitrifying bacteria. 
A)  Legumes have root nodules with nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
B)  Legumes convert ammonium to nitrates. 
C)  Root nodules on legumes have denitrifying bacteria. 
D)  Legumes are an immediate source of phosphorus and nitrogen. 
E)  Root nodules on legumes produce nitrifying bacteria.

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of the competitive exclusion principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  two different species occupying the same ecological niche 
B)  two species competing for food and territory 
C)  competition of mates between two different species 
D)  two species sharing the same habitat 
E)  one species outcompeting another species in a particular niche 
A)  two different species occupying the same ecological niche 
B)  two species competing for food and territory 
C)  competition of mates between two different species 
D)  two species sharing the same habitat 
E)  one species outcompeting another species in a particular niche

Question 17

An ecosystem

Accepted Answer

A)  includes only the plants within a particular area. 
B)  includes all the living organisms within a specific area, but not the abiotic factors. 
C)  includes both living and abiotic factors within a particular region. 
D)  always includes equal numbers of plant and animal species. 
E)  only refers to biotic factors in a region. 
A)  includes only the plants within a particular area. 
B)  includes all the living organisms within a specific area, but not the abiotic factors. 
C)  includes both living and abiotic factors within a particular region. 
D)  always includes equal numbers of plant and animal species. 
E)  only refers to biotic factors in a region.

Question 18

Martin is studying blue gill fish which are insectivores. How would you classify this fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophic consumer 
B)  autotrophic producer 
C)  heterotrophic decomposer 
D)  detritivore 
E)  heterotrophic consumer 
A)  autotrophic consumer 
B)  autotrophic producer 
C)  heterotrophic decomposer 
D)  detritivore 
E)  heterotrophic consumer

Question 19

The most inclusive level of biological organization is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ecosystems 
B)  biomes 
C)  the biosphere 
D)  communities 
E)  ecotypes 
A)  ecosystems 
B)  biomes 
C)  the biosphere 
D)  communities 
E)  ecotypes

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of predation?

Accepted Answer

A)  daddy-long-legs, a type of arachnid that eat dead and decaying matter 
B)  marine filter-feeders that have long tentacles to filter food particles from the water 
C)  a starfish which is able to evert its stomach to break open and eat clams 
D)  a giraffe pulling leaves off tall trees with its long tongue 
E)  a tick that attaches to a deer and sucks its blood 
A)  daddy-long-legs, a type of arachnid that eat dead and decaying matter 
B)  marine filter-feeders that have long tentacles to filter food particles from the water 
C)  a starfish which is able to evert its stomach to break open and eat clams 
D)  a giraffe pulling leaves off tall trees with its long tongue 
E)  a tick that attaches to a deer and sucks its blood

Exam 31: Communities and Ecosystems

Which of the following would be considered a parasitic relationship?

A chemoautotroph obtains its energy from all of the following EXCEPT __________.

When too many nutrients are added to of a body of water, this is known as __________.

Figure: -Based on the figure shown here, which organism is NOT a primary consumer?

Which of the following is an example of an ecosystem?

Which of the following is an autotroph?

In aquatic ecosystems primary productivity is most dependent on

The aquatic ecosystem with the least amount of inorganic matter is ___________.

A keystone species is

All of the following are true about both primary and secondary succession EXCEPT

On average, 90% of biomass is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

In an aquatic ecosystem, the aquatic plants are eaten by small invertebrates that in turn are eaten by crayfish, the crayfish are eaten by fish, and the fish are eaten by ducks. Based on this, which of the following is incorrectly matched?

What is the main reason that the tundra does not have large plants?

To increase her tomato yield, an organic gardener plants legumes alongside her tomato bushes rather than using fertilizers. Why did she plant legumes?

Which of the following is an example of the competitive exclusion principle?

An ecosystem

Martin is studying blue gill fish which are insectivores. How would you classify this fish?

The most inclusive level of biological organization is __________.

Which of the following is an example of predation?

A View of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Gene Regulation and Cancer

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Land Environment: Plants and Fungi

Both Water and Land: Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Structure and Function

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Diseases

Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Development

Ecology and Populations

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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