Question 1

Which of the following terrestrial ecosystems has the highest rate of primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  marsh 
B)  tropical rainforest 
C)  temperate rainforest 
D)  prairies 
E)  tundras 
A)  marsh 
B)  tropical rainforest 
C)  temperate rainforest 
D)  prairies 
E)  tundras

Question 2

Which of the following has the slowest phosphate transfer rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  runoff 
B)  decomposition of plants and animals 
C)  mining 
D)  weathering of rocks 
E)  fertilizers 
A)  runoff 
B)  decomposition of plants and animals 
C)  mining 
D)  weathering of rocks 
E)  fertilizers

Question 3

Figure:  
-Which of the following boxes indicates the process of nitrification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E 
A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E

Question 4

All of the following are true about ecosystems EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  chemicals are constantly recycled and reused. 
B)  chemicals are converted from one form to another. 
C)  energy is constantly recycled. 
D)  energy is required continuously because some energy is lost. 
E)  the ultimate source of energy is the sun. 
A)  chemicals are constantly recycled and reused. 
B)  chemicals are converted from one form to another. 
C)  energy is constantly recycled. 
D)  energy is required continuously because some energy is lost. 
E)  the ultimate source of energy is the sun.

Question 5

Which of the following communities is the LEAST diverse?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 lions, 100 zebras, 80 giraffes 
B)  50 squirrels, 75 oak trees, 60 maple trees 
C)  4 crab spiders, 76 goldenrod, 60 echinacea 
D)  40 bass, 60 minnow, 55 blue gill 
E)  5 elm trees, 7 beech trees, 6 birch trees 
A)  15 lions, 100 zebras, 80 giraffes 
B)  50 squirrels, 75 oak trees, 60 maple trees 
C)  4 crab spiders, 76 goldenrod, 60 echinacea 
D)  40 bass, 60 minnow, 55 blue gill 
E)  5 elm trees, 7 beech trees, 6 birch trees

Question 6

Which of the following is a community?

Accepted Answer

A)  a group of walrus on a beach 
B)  hummingbirds at a feeder 
C)  trout and the lake they inhabit 
D)  squirrels and the oak trees they live in 
E)  a herd of elephants in the Namib desert 
A)  a group of walrus on a beach 
B)  hummingbirds at a feeder 
C)  trout and the lake they inhabit 
D)  squirrels and the oak trees they live in 
E)  a herd of elephants in the Namib desert

Question 7

The greenhouse effect

Accepted Answer

A)  will lead to decreased sea levels. 
B)  decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. 
C)  increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. 
D)  is caused by gases such as carbon dioxide trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere. 
E)  is due to gases forming a barrier around the Earth and insulating the Earth from the sun's rays. 
A)  will lead to decreased sea levels. 
B)  decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. 
C)  increases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. 
D)  is caused by gases such as carbon dioxide trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere. 
E)  is due to gases forming a barrier around the Earth and insulating the Earth from the sun's rays.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an example of an animal's niche?

Accepted Answer

A)  a small bird living in the dense shrubs at the base of a tree 
B)  two male lizards fighting over access to a female 
C)  a grasshopper feeding on leaves 
D)  an oystercatcher eating bivalves 
E)  lions and hyenas fighting over access to a zebra carcass 
A)  a small bird living in the dense shrubs at the base of a tree 
B)  two male lizards fighting over access to a female 
C)  a grasshopper feeding on leaves 
D)  an oystercatcher eating bivalves 
E)  lions and hyenas fighting over access to a zebra carcass

Question 9

Biomes are defined by

Accepted Answer

A)  types of plants. 
B)  types of animals. 
C)  communities. 
D)  temperature and rainfall. 
E)  both plants, animals, and inorganic matter. 
A)  types of plants. 
B)  types of animals. 
C)  communities. 
D)  temperature and rainfall. 
E)  both plants, animals, and inorganic matter.

Question 10

Water is a major limiting factor in which of the following biomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  temperate grasslands 
B)  tundra 
C)  savannah 
D)  tropical rainforest 
E)  coral reef 
A)  temperate grasslands 
B)  tundra 
C)  savannah 
D)  tropical rainforest 
E)  coral reef

Question 11

Which of the following would be considered a mutualistic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse.

Question 12

Figure:  
-Which of the following boxes indicates the process of denitrification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E 
A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E

Question 13

Which of the following correctly lists the progression of species present during primary or secondary succession?

Accepted Answer

A)  fungi, nonvascular plants, gymnosperms, animals 
B)  nonvascular plants, angiosperm, gymnosperms, fungi 
C)  animals, fungi, nonvascular plants, angiosperms 
D)  angiosperms, nonvascular plants, animals, gymnosperms 
E)  gymnosperms, angiosperms, fungi, nonvascular plants 
A)  fungi, nonvascular plants, gymnosperms, animals 
B)  nonvascular plants, angiosperm, gymnosperms, fungi 
C)  animals, fungi, nonvascular plants, angiosperms 
D)  angiosperms, nonvascular plants, animals, gymnosperms 
E)  gymnosperms, angiosperms, fungi, nonvascular plants

Question 14

When an animal respires, the carbon in the carbon dioxide that it breathes out comes indirectly from

Accepted Answer

A)  the air that the organism breaths in. 
B)  dead and decaying plant matter. 
C)  fossil fuels. 
D)  photosynthesis. 
E)  carbon fixation. 
A)  the air that the organism breaths in. 
B)  dead and decaying plant matter. 
C)  fossil fuels. 
D)  photosynthesis. 
E)  carbon fixation.

Question 15

An organism that obtains its food from the process of photosynthesis is a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  autotroph 
B)  consumer 
C)  heterotroph 
D)  decomposer 
E)  omnivore 
A)  autotroph 
B)  consumer 
C)  heterotroph 
D)  decomposer 
E)  omnivore

Question 16

Ecological succession is

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in communities caused by human activities. 
B)  a stable community that forms after a change. 
C)  an orderly process of change in the community of organisms. 
D)  what happens to a cultivated field every year that crops are planted. 
E)  competition between opportunistic and equilibrium species. 
A)  a change in communities caused by human activities. 
B)  a stable community that forms after a change. 
C)  an orderly process of change in the community of organisms. 
D)  what happens to a cultivated field every year that crops are planted. 
E)  competition between opportunistic and equilibrium species.

Question 17

If there is 2,000 kg of caterpillars, how much of this biomass will be converted into top carnivore tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  20,000 kg 
B)  2,000 kg 
C)  200 kg 
D)  20 kg 
E)  2 kg 
A)  20,000 kg 
B)  2,000 kg 
C)  200 kg 
D)  20 kg 
E)  2 kg

Question 18

What process is occurring in Box C?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrification 
B)  decomposition 
C)  denitrification 
D)  nitrogen-fixing 
E)  nitrogen incorporation 
A)  nitrification 
B)  decomposition 
C)  denitrification 
D)  nitrogen-fixing 
E)  nitrogen incorporation

Question 19

What is the source of carbon for most aquatic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  calcium carbonate 
C)  biocarbonate ions 
D)  carbon monoxide 
E)  fossil fuels 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B)  calcium carbonate 
C)  biocarbonate ions 
D)  carbon monoxide 
E)  fossil fuels

Question 20

Which of the following would be considered a commensalistic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse.

Exam 31: Communities and Ecosystems

Which of the following terrestrial ecosystems has the highest rate of primary productivity?

Which of the following has the slowest phosphate transfer rate?

Figure: -Which of the following boxes indicates the process of nitrification?

All of the following are true about ecosystems EXCEPT

Which of the following communities is the LEAST diverse?

Which of the following is a community?

The greenhouse effect

Which of the following is NOT an example of an animal's niche?

Biomes are defined by

Water is a major limiting factor in which of the following biomes?

Which of the following would be considered a mutualistic relationship?

Figure: -Which of the following boxes indicates the process of denitrification?

Which of the following correctly lists the progression of species present during primary or secondary succession?

When an animal respires, the carbon in the carbon dioxide that it breathes out comes indirectly from

An organism that obtains its food from the process of photosynthesis is a(n) __________.

Ecological succession is

If there is 2,000 kg of caterpillars, how much of this biomass will be converted into top carnivore tissue?

What process is occurring in Box C?

What is the source of carbon for most aquatic organisms?

Which of the following would be considered a commensalistic relationship?

A View of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology and Technology

Gene Regulation and Cancer

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Land Environment: Plants and Fungi

Both Water and Land: Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Structure and Function

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Diseases

Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Development

Ecology and Populations

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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