Exam 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information

Scientists enroll 500 healthy adults in a study and collect dietary and other lifestyle information about the group.After 6 years,the scientists determine that study participants who ate at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily were less likely to develop high blood pressure than participants who ate fewer than 5 servings of these foods daily.This study is an example of a(n)____ study.

Which of the following statements is true?

Over a 2-year period,a team of scientists records the eating behaviors and physical activity patterns of a group of healthy 8-year-old children to determine whether these factors are associated with weight gain.This study is an example of a(n)____ study.

Researchers at a major American university plan a 10-year scientific study to investigate lifestyle factors that contribute to heart disease.Which of the following activities is likely to be a component of their research efforts?

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when designing a scientific investigation to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets high in sodium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood?

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

A person claims his newly invented device treats cancer without surgery,medication,or other forms of conventional medical therapy.However,people who have used the device report that it was not helpful,and it may have harmed them.According to this information,the inventor's claims and his device are

Dylan takes garlic pills to lower his blood cholesterol level,and he recommends the pills to his friends,because he thinks the supplement is helpful.Dylan's nutrition-related advice to his friends is an example of a(an)______.

A magazine article about weight-loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual.The faulty information is an example of ______.

A group of registered dietitians is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on school-age children's behavior.At first,the researchers will ______.

A popular women's magazine has an article about the health benefits of consuming calcium-rich foods.If the article's author has the credentials _____ after his or her name,the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information.

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts.He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet.His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(n)______.

A nutrition researcher would like to determine whether women who take fish oil supplements during pregnancy give birth to babies who score higher on basic intelligence tests when they are 5 years of age than the 5-year old children that were born to women who did not take the fish oil supplements during pregnancy.This kind of research is a(n)_____ study.

Scientists in a Central American country are studying factors that may be associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income children.The children live in a region of the nation that has high levels of lead in drinking water.This study is an example of a(an)____ study.

A magazine advertisement for a weight-loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 pounds in 3 weeks while taking the product.The bottom of the ad includes the statement,"Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n)______.

A scientist adds 5 mcg of the mineral cadmium to the daily diet of 100 4-week-old laboratory mice.After 12 weeks,the researcher weighs and takes blood samples from each mouse.According to her findings,the mice lost weight during the 12-week period,and they have abnormal levels of certain hormones in their blood.Based on this information and your knowledge of scientific research,what would you tell the researcher about her findings?

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

Emily has brittle fingernails that crack and split easily.Emily's mother advises her daughter to take gelatin pills 3 times/day,because she has heard the practice strengthens fingernails.The mother's nutrition-related advice about the benefit of taking gelatin pills is an example of a(n)