Exam 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information

A researcher wants to identify lifestyle factors that increase the risk of stomach cancer in men.His study design involves enrolling 250 adult men who have stomach cancer,and 250 men who are cancer free,but have similar characteristics and backgrounds as the men who have stomach cancer.The researcher collects and analyzes information about each participant's lifestyle.Based on this information,what kind of study is the researcher conducting?

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use to identify lifestyle factors that may be related to the development of liver cancer in an adult population?

A popular fitness magazine has an article about the health benefits of high-fiber diets.If the article's author has the credentials _____ after his or her name,the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information.

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin D supplements on the adult human immune system.The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin D to one group of human adults,and pills that do not contain the vitamin or other active ingredients to another group of adults.The pills that do not contain vitamin D are ______.

Which of the following statements is true?

Researchers are conducting a study to determine the effects of vitamin C on the human immune system.The study involves providing pills that contain vitamin C to one group of human subjects,and pills that do not contain vitamin C or other active ingredients to another group of people.The pills that do not contain the vitamin are ______.

Generally,epidemiological studies ______.

Which of the following statements is true?

The vitamin effective in treating pellagra is ______.

Which of the following statements is false?

Which of the following conditions are signs or symptoms of pellagra?

Actress Lotta Talent appears in commercials endorsing the herbal supplement Hoodia for weight loss.Her endorsement is an example of a(n)______.

Zack takes 500 mg of vitamin C daily.He advises his friends to take vitamin C supplements because,he claims,the vitamin protects him from cold viruses.His claim about the usefulness of the vitamin is an ______.

The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product,because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable.The radio program host said,______.

Which of the following statements is true?

Phil is a participant in a study designed to examine the effects of taking a dietary supplement on muscle tissue development.Phil suspects he is in the experimental group,because he is certain his muscles are bigger and stronger as a result of taking the product supplied by the researchers.When the study is completed,Phil learns that he did not receive the dietary supplement.Phil thinks the researchers made a mistake-he is certain his muscle mass increased while he took the supplement.According to this information,Phil's belief that his physical condition improved while he participated in the study is an example of ______.

Scientists would like to conduct a study to identify lifestyle factors that are associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income American children.Which of the following research designs would be the best for the researchers to use when designing their study?

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

A group of nutrition researchers interviews 100 adults who have chronic high blood pressure to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets low in calcium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood.This study is an example of a ____ study.

A medical researcher reads an article in Today's Health-Conscious Woman magazine about the benefits of using the phytochemical capsaicin to treat knee pain.She asks 10 people with arthritic knees to rub a cream that contains the phytochemical on their knee joints for 2 weeks.At the end of the 2 weeks,the researcher asks the subjects whether their knee pain improved,stayed about the same,or worsened during the treatment period.After collecting responses from the people,the researcher reports the results of her study during a popular TV show that is hosted by a doctor.Based on this information,which of the following statements is true?