Question 1

The most inclusive level of biological organization is

Accepted Answer

A)  ecosystems. 
B)  biomes. 
C)  the biosphere. 
D)  communities. 
E)  ecotypes. The biosphere encompasses all ecosystems and thus all spheres were living organisms are found. 
A)  ecosystems. 
B)  biomes. 
C)  the biosphere. 
D)  communities. 
E)  ecotypes. The biosphere encompasses all ecosystems and thus all spheres were living organisms are found.

Question 2

The physical space that an organism occupies in its environment is its

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat. 
B)  niche. 
C)  biotic factor. 
D)  role. 
E)  abiotic factor. 
A)  habitat. 
B)  niche. 
C)  biotic factor. 
D)  role. 
E)  abiotic factor.

Question 3

Which of the following would be considered an example of competition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly is an example. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly is an example. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse.

Question 4

Which of the following would be considered a mutualistic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse.

Question 5

A community is

Accepted Answer

A)  populations of multiple species interacting with one another in a specific area. 
B)  populations of organisms and the abiotic factors in their environment. 
C)  competition for food between individuals in a population. 
D)  all the biotic and abiotic factors in an environment. 
E)  multiple organisms of the same species living in a specific area. 
A)  populations of multiple species interacting with one another in a specific area. 
B)  populations of organisms and the abiotic factors in their environment. 
C)  competition for food between individuals in a population. 
D)  all the biotic and abiotic factors in an environment. 
E)  multiple organisms of the same species living in a specific area.

Question 6

Martin is studying blue gill fish,which are insectivores.How would you classify this fish?

Accepted Answer

A)  autotrophic consumer 
B)  autotrophic producer 
C)  heterotrophic decomposer 
D)  detritivore 
E)  heterotrophic consumer 
A)  autotrophic consumer 
B)  autotrophic producer 
C)  heterotrophic decomposer 
D)  detritivore 
E)  heterotrophic consumer

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an example of an animal's niche?

Accepted Answer

A)  a small bird living in the dense shrubs at the base of a tree 
B)  two male lizards fighting over access to a female 
C)  a grasshopper feeding on leaves 
D)  an oystercatcher eating bivalves 
E)  lions and hyenas fighting over access to a zebra carcass 
A)  a small bird living in the dense shrubs at the base of a tree 
B)  two male lizards fighting over access to a female 
C)  a grasshopper feeding on leaves 
D)  an oystercatcher eating bivalves 
E)  lions and hyenas fighting over access to a zebra carcass

Question 8

Which of the following has the slowest phosphate transfer rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  runoff 
B)  decomposition of plants and animals 
C)  mining 
D)  weathering of rocks 
E)  fertilizers 
A)  runoff 
B)  decomposition of plants and animals 
C)  mining 
D)  weathering of rocks 
E)  fertilizers

Question 9

Based on the figure shown here,which organism is NOT a primary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A)  rabbit 
B)  deer 
C)  mice 
D)  chipmunk 
E)  fisher 
A)  rabbit 
B)  deer 
C)  mice 
D)  chipmunk 
E)  fisher

Question 10

In aquatic ecosystems primary productivity is most dependent on

Accepted Answer

A)  organic nutrients. 
B)  species richness and diversity. 
C)  the type of soil. 
D)  the rate of photosynthesis. 
E)  inorganic nutrients. Inorganic nutrients are often limiting factors for growth. Estuaries and marshes have many decomposers which convert organic nutrients to inorganic compounds which are needed for growth. 
A)  organic nutrients. 
B)  species richness and diversity. 
C)  the type of soil. 
D)  the rate of photosynthesis. 
E)  inorganic nutrients. Inorganic nutrients are often limiting factors for growth. Estuaries and marshes have many decomposers which convert organic nutrients to inorganic compounds which are needed for growth.

Question 11

When too many nutrients are added to of a body of water,this is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  a biogeochemical cycle. 
B)  reservoirs. 
C)  eutrophication. 
D)  global warming. 
E)  nitrogen fixing. 
A)  a biogeochemical cycle. 
B)  reservoirs. 
C)  eutrophication. 
D)  global warming. 
E)  nitrogen fixing.

Question 12

To increase her tomato yield,an organic gardener plants legumes alongside her tomato bushes rather than using fertilizers.Why did she plant legumes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Legumes have root nodules with nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
B)  Legumes convert ammonium to nitrates. 
C)  Root nodules on legumes have denitrifying bacteria. 
D)  Legumes are an immediate source of phosphorus and nitrogen. 
E)  Root nodules on legumes produce nitrifying bacteria. Legumes have nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and this increases the nitrogen content of the soil. 
A)  Legumes have root nodules with nitrogen fixing bacteria. 
B)  Legumes convert ammonium to nitrates. 
C)  Root nodules on legumes have denitrifying bacteria. 
D)  Legumes are an immediate source of phosphorus and nitrogen. 
E)  Root nodules on legumes produce nitrifying bacteria. Legumes have nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and this increases the nitrogen content of the soil.

Question 13

If there is 2,000 kg of caterpillars,how much of this biomass will be converted into top carnivore tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  20,000 kg 
B)  2,000 kg 
C)  200 kg 
D)  20 kg 
E)  2 kg 
A)  20,000 kg 
B)  2,000 kg 
C)  200 kg 
D)  20 kg 
E)  2 kg

Question 14

Which of the following communities is the LEAST diverse?

Accepted Answer

A)  15 lions, 100 zebras, 80 giraffes 
B)  50 squirrels, 75 oak trees, 60 maple trees 
C)  4 crab spiders, 76 goldenrod, 60 echinacea 
D)  40 bass, 60 minnow, 55 blue gill 
E)  5 elm trees, 7 beech trees, 6 birch trees 
A)  15 lions, 100 zebras, 80 giraffes 
B)  50 squirrels, 75 oak trees, 60 maple trees 
C)  4 crab spiders, 76 goldenrod, 60 echinacea 
D)  40 bass, 60 minnow, 55 blue gill 
E)  5 elm trees, 7 beech trees, 6 birch trees

Question 15

A decomposer ultimately obtains all its food from

Accepted Answer

A)  sunlight. 
B)  mushrooms. 
C)  preying on other living organism. 
D)  parasitizing living organisms. 
E)  dead and decaying plant matter. 
A)  sunlight. 
B)  mushrooms. 
C)  preying on other living organism. 
D)  parasitizing living organisms. 
E)  dead and decaying plant matter.

Question 16

Which of the following boxes indicates the process of nitrification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E Nitrification is the production of nitrates from ammonium. 
A)  Box A 
B)  Box B 
C)  Box C 
D)  Box D 
E)  Box E Nitrification is the production of nitrates from ammonium.

Question 17

All of the following are reservoirs EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  oil. 
B)  calcium carbonate. 
C)  coal 
D)  natural gas. 
E)  bicarbonate. Bicarbonate is formed when carbon dioxide from the air combines with water. This is an immediate source of carbon for aquatic organisms, not a reservoir. 
A)  oil. 
B)  calcium carbonate. 
C)  coal 
D)  natural gas. 
E)  bicarbonate. Bicarbonate is formed when carbon dioxide from the air combines with water. This is an immediate source of carbon for aquatic organisms, not a reservoir.

Question 18

Which of the following would be considered a parasitic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host which can cause problems for the host especially if (s)he is undernourished. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse. 
A)  Some species of crabs decorate their shells with sea anemones and other corals. These "decorations" help camouflage the crab and the movement of the crab from one area to the next exposes the corals and anemones to different sources of food. 
B)  Some spiders do not build webs, but live in the web of another species. When a prey item is caught in the web, the non-web building spider will sneak in and steal the prey. 
C)  A praying mantis hunting and eating a fly. 
D)  The longest tapeworm removed from a human was approximately 11 meters long. Tapeworms do not have a digestive system, but obtains all of their nutrients from the host which can cause problems for the host especially if (s)he is undernourished. 
E)  Pseudoscorpions are small, harmless arachnids. To move from one place to another, they will sometimes latch onto the legs of flies and thus be carried long distances that they would not readily be able to traverse.

Question 19

Which two terrestrial biomes are the most similar with regards to rainfall?

Accepted Answer

A)  desert & taiga 
B)  tundra & desert 
C)  desert & temperate forest 
D)  temperate grasslands & desert 
E)  temperate forests & rainforests 
A)  desert & taiga 
B)  tundra & desert 
C)  desert & temperate forest 
D)  temperate grasslands & desert 
E)  temperate forests & rainforests

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of the competitive exclusion principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  two different species occupying the same ecological niche 
B)  two species competing for food and territory 
C)  competition of mates between two different species 
D)  two species sharing the same habitat 
E)  one species outcompeting another species in a particular niche 
A)  two different species occupying the same ecological niche 
B)  two species competing for food and territory 
C)  competition of mates between two different species 
D)  two species sharing the same habitat 
E)  one species outcompeting another species in a particular niche

Exam 31: Communities and Ecosystems

The most inclusive level of biological organization is

The physical space that an organism occupies in its environment is its

Which of the following would be considered an example of competition?

Which of the following would be considered a mutualistic relationship?

A community is

Martin is studying blue gill fish,which are insectivores.How would you classify this fish?

Which of the following is NOT an example of an animal's niche?

Which of the following has the slowest phosphate transfer rate?

Based on the figure shown here,which organism is NOT a primary consumer?

In aquatic ecosystems primary productivity is most dependent on

When too many nutrients are added to of a body of water,this is known as

To increase her tomato yield,an organic gardener plants legumes alongside her tomato bushes rather than using fertilizers.Why did she plant legumes?

If there is 2,000 kg of caterpillars,how much of this biomass will be converted into top carnivore tissue?

Which of the following communities is the LEAST diverse?

A decomposer ultimately obtains all its food from

Which of the following boxes indicates the process of nitrification?

All of the following are reservoirs EXCEPT

Which of the following would be considered a parasitic relationship?

Which two terrestrial biomes are the most similar with regards to rainfall?

Which of the following is an example of the competitive exclusion principle?

Biology: The Science of Life

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Organic Molecules of Life

Inside the Cell

The Dynamic Cell

Energy for Life

Energy for Cells

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis and the Genetic Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA Biology

Biotechnology and Genomics

Genetic Counseling

Darwin and Evolution

Evolution on a Small Scale

Evolution on a Large Scale

The Microorganisms: Viruses, bacteria, and Protists

Land Environment: Plants and Fungi

Both Water and Land: Animals

Plant Anatomy and Growth

Plant Responses and Reproduction

Being Organized and Steady

The Transport Systems

The Maintenance Systems

Human Nutrition

Defenses Against Disease

The Control Systems

Sensory Input and Motor Output

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Ecology and Populations

Human Impact on the Biosphere

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