Question 1

The three potential sources of systematic variation in a complex design experiment involving two independent variables include

Accepted Answer

A)  two main effects and a simple comparison effect. 
B)  two main effects and an interaction effect. 
C)  one main effect, one interaction effect, and one error variation effect. 
D)  one main effect, a simple main effect, and an interaction effect. 
A)  two main effects and a simple comparison effect. 
B)  two main effects and an interaction effect. 
C)  one main effect, one interaction effect, and one error variation effect. 
D)  one main effect, a simple main effect, and an interaction effect. B

Question 2

A researcher did an experiment testing the effects of noise on students' ability to study effectively in different environments.The design was a 3 * 2,with three levels of background noise and two different environments.The researcher obtained an interaction effect and decided to try to identify the source of the interaction effect by testing the effect of the noise variable separately at each level of the environment variable.Which of the following types of effects in the analysis of a complex design was the researcher testing?

Accepted Answer

A)  simple main effect 
B)  main effect 
C)  moderator effect 
D)  comparison of two means 
A)  simple main effect 
B)  main effect 
C)  moderator effect 
D)  comparison of two means A

Question 3

Which of the following effects occurs in a complex design when the effect of one independent variable differs depending on the level of a second independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  main effect 
B)  collapsed effect 
C)  interaction effect 
D)  factorial effect 
A)  main effect 
B)  collapsed effect 
C)  interaction effect 
D)  factorial effect C

Question 4

In order to interpret the findings of a complex design experiment,researchers

Accepted Answer

A)  compute an analysis of variance. 
B)  examine the means for each condition. 
C)  conduct simple main effects analyses when an interaction effect is present. 
D)  all of these 
A)  compute an analysis of variance. 
B)  examine the means for each condition. 
C)  conduct simple main effects analyses when an interaction effect is present. 
D)  all of these

Question 5

.He is also interested in knowing whether high or low test-anxious individuals' performance is different for the computerized version of the two tests compared to the paper-and-pencil version of the tests.Within each anxiety group,he randomly assigns participants to either the computer version or the paper version of the GRE tests.Participants then complete both the verbal and quantitative tests of the GRE in the test version they've been assigned (computer or paper).Thus,each participant has two scores,a Verbal score and a Quantitative score.
What kind of complex design is this ?

Accepted Answer

This is a 2 * 2 * 2

Question 6

The number of conditions in a complex design described as a 2 * 3 is

Accepted Answer

A)  two. 
B)  three. 
C)  five. 
D)  six. 
A)  two. 
B)  three. 
C)  five. 
D)  six.

Question 7

Which of the following statements best describes the effects that occurred in the 2 * 2 design outlined in the following table? The dependent variable is memory for the tasks (out of a possible ten),and you may assume that any nonzero difference is statistically significant.

Accepted Answer

A)  There were two main effects (one for the type of task variable and one for the depression variable) but no interaction effect of the two independent variables. 
B)  There was a main effect of the type of task variable, no main effect of the depression variable, and an interaction effect of the two independent variables. 
C)  There was an interaction effect of the type of task and the depression variables and a main effect of each of the two independent variables. 
D)  There was an interaction effect of the type of task and the depression variables but no main effect of either independent variable. 
A)  There were two main effects (one for the type of task variable and one for the depression variable) but no interaction effect of the two independent variables. 
B)  There was a main effect of the type of task variable, no main effect of the depression variable, and an interaction effect of the two independent variables. 
C)  There was an interaction effect of the type of task and the depression variables and a main effect of each of the two independent variables. 
D)  There was an interaction effect of the type of task and the depression variables but no main effect of either independent variable.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Factorial combination of two independent variables, each with three conditions, would yield six experimental conditions. 
B)  The simplest complex design experiment has one independent variable and one dependent variable. 
C)  A 2 * 3 complex design experiment has two independent variables. 
D)  A "mixed design" is when one independent variable is manipulated as an independent groups variable and a second independent variable is manipulated as a repeated measures design. 
A)  Factorial combination of two independent variables, each with three conditions, would yield six experimental conditions. 
B)  The simplest complex design experiment has one independent variable and one dependent variable. 
C)  A 2 * 3 complex design experiment has two independent variables. 
D)  A "mixed design" is when one independent variable is manipulated as an independent groups variable and a second independent variable is manipulated as a repeated measures design.

Question 9

A researcher was interested in the effects of arousal and personality on individuals' GRE test performance.The personality variable he examined was individuals' level of introversion-extraversion.Based on questionnaire responses,each participant was classified as an "extravert" or an "introvert." The researcher manipulated arousal level by giving caffeine to participants prior to administering a practice GRE test.Participants were randomly assigned to a high-caffeine condition,a medium-caffeine condition,or the no-caffeine condition.All participants then completed a version of the quantitative portion of the GRE.
Suppose the researcher observed the following means for each group:   The researcher claims that the Arousal and Group variables in this experiment are not relevant independent variables.State whether you agree or disagree with this statement,and explain your reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Disagree.The researcher makes this claim

Question 10

.He is also interested in knowing whether high or low test-anxious individuals' performance is different for the computerized version of the two tests compared to the paper-and-pencil version of the tests.Within each anxiety group,he randomly assigns participants to either the computer version or the paper version of the GRE tests.Participants then complete both the verbal and quantitative tests of the GRE in the test version they've been assigned (computer or paper).Thus,each participant has two scores,a Verbal score and a Quantitative score.
What is the natural groups variable in this study? What are the levels?

Accepted Answer

The natural groups v

Question 11

.The two independent variables are speed of the presentation (250 msec,1000 msec)and brightness of the background (dark,light).Speed of presentation is a repeated measures variable,and brightness of the background is a random groups variable.Suppose the following mean were observed.What should the researcher conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two independent variables are not relevant variables in this experiment. 
B)  The main effect of the brightness variable is larger than the main effect of the speed of presentation variable. 
C)  The brightness variable should have been manipulated as a natural groups variable. 
D)  The interaction may be uninterpretable due to a possible floor effect. 
A)  The two independent variables are not relevant variables in this experiment. 
B)  The main effect of the brightness variable is larger than the main effect of the speed of presentation variable. 
C)  The brightness variable should have been manipulated as a natural groups variable. 
D)  The interaction may be uninterpretable due to a possible floor effect.

Question 12

In a line graph of a complex design,the dependent variable is typically represented

Accepted Answer

A)  on the x-axis (horizontal). 
B)  on the y-axis (vertical). 
C)  by multiple lines within the space of the graph. 
D)  using multiple graphs. 
A)  on the x-axis (horizontal). 
B)  on the y-axis (vertical). 
C)  by multiple lines within the space of the graph. 
D)  using multiple graphs.

Question 13

When no interaction effect occurs in a complex design with two independent variables,we know the effects of each independent variable can be generalized

Accepted Answer

A)  only across the characteristics of the participants tested in the experiment. 
B)  only across the two independent variables included in the experiment. 
C)  across all factors held constant in the experiment. 
D)  beyond the conditions that were included in the experiment. 
A)  only across the characteristics of the participants tested in the experiment. 
B)  only across the two independent variables included in the experiment. 
C)  across all factors held constant in the experiment. 
D)  beyond the conditions that were included in the experiment.

Question 14

In a 2 * 2 complex design,one independent variable was shown not to have a statistically significant main effect on the dependent variable.Based on this,we can state that

Accepted Answer

A)  the independent variable has external validity over the levels of the second independent variable. 
B)  it is not a relevant independent variable. 
C)  for the variable to be considered relevant in this experiment, it must interact with the second independent variable. 
D)  the variable will definitely interact with the second independent variable in this experiment. 
A)  the independent variable has external validity over the levels of the second independent variable. 
B)  it is not a relevant independent variable. 
C)  for the variable to be considered relevant in this experiment, it must interact with the second independent variable. 
D)  the variable will definitely interact with the second independent variable in this experiment.

Question 15

Briefly describe the analysis that are done to interpret the results of complex designs when an interaction effect is present and when an interaction effect is not present.

Accepted Answer

When an interaction effect is present,si

Question 16

In a complex design experiment,researchers found that younger and older people performed equally well on a memory task when they were tested in the afternoon,but the older people performed better than the younger people when they were tested in the morning.The different effect of age at the two times of day represents

Accepted Answer

A)  a main effect. 
B)  an interaction effect. 
C)  a correlational effect. 
D)  a simple comparison effect. 
A)  a main effect. 
B)  an interaction effect. 
C)  a correlational effect. 
D)  a simple comparison effect.

Question 17

A student has conducted an experiment involving a 4 * 2 design.The student's initial analyses of variance indicates there was no statistically significant interaction effect in the experiment.The independent variable with four levels,however,did produce a statistically significant main effect.Which of the following analyses should the student do next to specify the source of this main effect more precisely?

Accepted Answer

A)  eta-squared analysis 
B)  simple main effects 
C)  simple interaction effects 
D)  comparisons of two means 
A)  eta-squared analysis 
B)  simple main effects 
C)  simple interaction effects 
D)  comparisons of two means

Question 18

Which of the following patterns indicates that there has been no interaction effect in a complex design experiment when the results are plotted in a line graph?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the lines are parallel 
B)  when the lines start out at the same point and diverge from each other 
C)  when the lines start out apart and converge to the same point 
D)  when the lines intersect forming a crossing pattern 
A)  when the lines are parallel 
B)  when the lines start out at the same point and diverge from each other 
C)  when the lines start out apart and converge to the same point 
D)  when the lines intersect forming a crossing pattern

Question 19

A researcher was interested in the effects of arousal and personality on individuals' GRE test performance.The personality variable he examined was individuals' level of introversion-extraversion.Based on questionnaire responses,each participant was classified as an "extravert" or an "introvert." The researcher manipulated arousal level by giving caffeine to participants prior to administering a practice GRE test.Participants were randomly assigned to a high-caffeine condition,a medium-caffeine condition,or the no-caffeine condition.All participants then completed a version of the quantitative portion of the GRE.
Suppose the researcher observed the following means for each group:  
 Describe the design of this experiment ,including the type of variables used,and identify the conditions created using factorial combination.

Accepted Answer

This experiment is a 2 * 3 complex desig

Question 20

A common approach for resolving contradictory findings in research literature is to develop a theory for the source of different findings and

Accepted Answer

A)  create experimental conditions that will lead to a floor effect for one set of findings. 
B)  examine the relationship between a natural groups variable and a dependent variable. 
C)  manipulate independent variables in a complex design to test the theory. 
D)  eliminate any possibility for statistical interactions among the independent variables. 
A)  create experimental conditions that will lead to a floor effect for one set of findings. 
B)  examine the relationship between a natural groups variable and a dependent variable. 
C)  manipulate independent variables in a complex design to test the theory. 
D)  eliminate any possibility for statistical interactions among the independent variables.

The three potential sources of systematic variation in a complex design experiment involving two independent variables include

Which of the following effects occurs in a complex design when the effect of one independent variable differs depending on the level of a second independent variable?

In order to interpret the findings of a complex design experiment,researchers

The number of conditions in a complex design described as a 2 * 3 is

Which of the following statements best describes the effects that occurred in the 2 * 2 design outlined in the following table? The dependent variable is memory for the tasks (out of a possible ten),and you may assume that any nonzero difference is statistically significant.

Which of the following statements is false?

In a line graph of a complex design,the dependent variable is typically represented

When no interaction effect occurs in a complex design with two independent variables,we know the effects of each independent variable can be generalized

In a 2 * 2 complex design,one independent variable was shown not to have a statistically significant main effect on the dependent variable.Based on this,we can state that

Briefly describe the analysis that are done to interpret the results of complex designs when an interaction effect is present and when an interaction effect is not present.

Which of the following patterns indicates that there has been no interaction effect in a complex design experiment when the results are plotted in a line graph?

A common approach for resolving contradictory findings in research literature is to develop a theory for the source of different findings and

Introduction

The Scientific Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Idescribing Data, confidence Intervals, correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Iitests of Statistical Significance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

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Exam 8: Complex Designs

The three potential sources of systematic variation in a complex design experiment involving two independent variables include

Which of the following effects occurs in a complex design when the effect of one independent variable differs depending on the level of a second independent variable?

In order to interpret the findings of a complex design experiment,researchers

The number of conditions in a complex design described as a 2 * 3 is

Which of the following statements best describes the effects that occurred in the 2 * 2 design outlined in the following table? The dependent variable is memory for the tasks (out of a possible ten),and you may assume that any nonzero difference is statistically significant.

Which of the following statements is false?

In a line graph of a complex design,the dependent variable is typically represented

When no interaction effect occurs in a complex design with two independent variables,we know the effects of each independent variable can be generalized

In a 2 * 2 complex design,one independent variable was shown not to have a statistically significant main effect on the dependent variable.Based on this,we can state that

Briefly describe the analysis that are done to interpret the results of complex designs when an interaction effect is present and when an interaction effect is not present.

Which of the following patterns indicates that there has been no interaction effect in a complex design experiment when the results are plotted in a line graph?

A common approach for resolving contradictory findings in research literature is to develop a theory for the source of different findings and

Introduction

The Scientific Method

Ethical Issues in the Conduct of Psychological Research

Observation

Survey Research

Independent Groups Designs

Repeated Measures Designs

Single-Case Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Program Evaluation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Idescribing Data, confidence Intervals, correlation

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Part Iitests of Statistical Significance and the Analysis Story

Communication in Psychology

Filters