Exam 15: Externalities , Environmental Policy and Public Goods

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  -Refer to Figure 15-9. Let's suppose the government imposes a tax of $50 per ton of toilet paper to bring about the efficient level of production. What happens to the market price of toilet paper? -Refer to Figure 15-9. Let's suppose the government imposes a tax of $50 per ton of toilet paper to bring about the efficient level of production. What happens to the market price of toilet paper?

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Haiti was once a heavily forested country. Today, 80 per cent of Haiti's forests have been cut down, primarily to be burned to create charcoal. The reduction in the number of trees has led to devastating floods when it rains heavily. This is an example of

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An external benefit is created when you pursue a university education.

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If you burn your trash in the back yard in spite of regulations against it, then you are

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The Coase theorem states that

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  -Refer to Figure 15-6. What is the economically efficient output level? -Refer to Figure 15-6. What is the economically efficient output level?

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Which of the following is an example of a quasi-public good?

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A private good is

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  -Refer to Figure 15-14. Identify the area that shows the deadweight loss from overfishing. -Refer to Figure 15-14. Identify the area that shows the deadweight loss from overfishing.

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A quasi-public good differs from a public good in that unlike a public good, it is possible to keep out those who do not pay for the quasi-public good from enjoying the benefits of the good.

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The social cost of cutting trees for firewood in a government forest is

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  -Refer to Figure 15-3. The deadweight loss due to the externality is represented by the area -Refer to Figure 15-3. The deadweight loss due to the externality is represented by the area

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In economics, the optimal level of pollution is the level for which the net benefit from reducing the pollution is the greatest.

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The demand curve for a public good is also called the

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  -Refer to Figure 15-6. What does D<sub>2</sub> represent? -Refer to Figure 15-6. What does D2 represent?

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  -Refer to Figure 15-1. If, because of an externality, the economically efficient output is Q<sub>2</sub> and not the current equilibrium output of Q<sub>1</sub>, what does S<sub>2</sub> represent? -Refer to Figure 15-1. If, because of an externality, the economically efficient output is Q2 and not the current equilibrium output of Q1, what does S2 represent?

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When there is a positive externality,

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  -Refer to Figure 15-12. One way to obtain the economically efficient amount of university education is for governments to subsidise university education. What is the size of the per-student Pigovian subsidy that the government must provide to internalise the external benefits? (Note that the subsidy can be granted to the education institutions or to the students directly or indirectly; for example, through low-interest student loans.) -Refer to Figure 15-12. One way to obtain the economically efficient amount of university education is for governments to subsidise university education. What is the size of the per-student Pigovian subsidy that the government must provide to internalise the external benefits? (Note that the subsidy can be granted to the education institutions or to the students directly or indirectly; for example, through low-interest student loans.)

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How does the construction of a market demand curve for a private good differ from that for a public good?

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  -Refer to Figure 15-7. What is the incremental cost of increasing the quantity of pollution reduction from Q<sub>B</sub><sub> </sub>to Q<sub>E </sub>units? -Refer to Figure 15-7. What is the incremental cost of increasing the quantity of pollution reduction from QB to QE units?

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