Exam 8: Thinking, Reasoning and Language

Research on speed-reading courses indicates that

If you wanted to teach a non-human animal to communicate using language, which of the following animals does research suggest would be the best choice?

Ben has a friend who is deaf and was born to deaf parents who used sign language. It is most likely that his friend

Linda's three-month-old infant keeps saying "ga-ga" and "doh-doh". Should she be worried?

________ is a system of communication that combines symbols according to rules and in a way that conveys meaning.

Marcy is having lunch with her mother when a friend stops by the table to say hello. "Marcy, this is my friend, and her name is Marcy, too", the mother says. The child looks up and says, "You can't be named Marcy. That is my name." In a linguistic sense, this example demonstrates

Masha has been asked to participate in a research study where she is presented with words on a screen. The words include the names of colours, such as "BLACK", "WHITE", and "GREEN"; however, the words are printed in different colours. For example, the word "BLACK" appears in blue type, and the word "GREEN" appears in yellow type. What task is Masha performing?

What is missing when a student who skips class copies notes from another student?

The process by which your brain processes only the information that it receives, irrespective of past experiences or expectations, is called ________ processing.

Our co-worker says, "It's awful in here". To understand what she means, we must

When we fill in gaps or missing information in a situation or stimulus using our experiences and background knowledge, we are engaging in ________ processing.

What problem-solving strategies are essentially mental shortcuts?

Babies engage in intentional vocalisations that sound meaningful, but are not. This is referred to as ________.

Although extralinguistic information is not a formal part of language, it does serve the purpose of

The brain's tendency to streamline our thinking processes by use of preexisting knowledge is referred to as ________.

Spoken English and American Sign Language have ________ syntactic structures.

Speed-reading programmes have been "all the rage", as they have promised to increase your ability to read and comprehend at incredible levels. Some have even claimed to increase their reading speed to 30 000 words per minute. Research, however, has found that their actual reading speed is not nearly this high, and that their comprehension of what they read "tested miserably". Which principle of critical thinking is this problematic for?

Which of the following do you think would be most applicable to a gambler who is betting on a football game?

According to research, which of the following aspects of language is the least susceptible to the effects of age?

Many children who are deaf, who are born to hearing parents, invent their own signs when they are not instructed in formal sign language. This is known as ________.