Exam 8: Thinking, Reasoning and Language

According to your authors, which cognitive heuristic is most salient in the formation of stereotypes?

A group of deaf children was discovered after a terrible earthquake had nearly destroyed the town. The children had been hiding together for nearly a month.When an interpreter was brought in, she could not make sense of the signs she saw, yet the children were clearly communicating with one another. What is the most likely explanation?

Which of the following is an example of onomatopoeia?

Newspaper headlines, such as "Two Convicts Evade Noose, Jury Hung", may strike us as funny. From the perspective of language, this is because the phrase or headline

Erika has lost her car keys. She remembers having them when she came into the house, so she goes back to the front door, and tries retracing her steps from when she came home. Eventually, she finds them in the refrigerator next to the milk that she just bought. Erika has used a(n)________ to solve the problem of the lost keys.

The tendency to perceive and approach problems in the same ways that have worked in the past is called ________. This barrier to problem-solving can inhibit one's ability to generate alternative solutions.

Anastasia is building a sand castle at the beach. She is frustrated by the fact that the water keeps washing it away. She has rebuilt the castle five times already, each one a little further up from the waves. Her brother Christopher walks up, sees the problem, and proceeds to dig a channel for the water that bypasses her latest sand castle completely. Which cognitive block was Anastasia demonstrating?

Email can often lead to misunderstandings. This is because

It is possible to increase both our reading speed and comprehension, as long as our speed does not exceed ________ words per minute.

Which of the following was the individual who was chained to a potty chair in the back of a bedroom and deprived of social interaction until she was 13 years old?

Should Serina be surprised that her 10-month-old infant understands her command to pick up her rattle?

Young Jonah is learning to read, and his father writes MUMMY on a card and asks him to read it. When Jonah struggles, his father says, "Sound it out one letter at a time!" As Jonah does this, he eventually puts the sounds together and triumphantly shouts the correct word. What method has Jonah used to read this word?

In the 1980s, many psychologists adopted the analogy of a(n)________ to try to describe and explain the different working processes of the human mind.

What systematic problem-solving method guarantees that all steps in solving a problem will be addressed?

________ insight refers to our awareness of how language is structured and used.

How many morphemes are there in the sentence "I wanted it"?

________ refers to the rules of a language that guide us in the proper ways to construct a sentence.

Which of the following statements refutes the idea that chimpanzees can use language?

Provide an example of how cognitive economy benefits you.

While it offers compelling explanations for language development, the most significant shortcoming of the nativist account is